197,249 research outputs found
The Effect of Psychological Scarcity on Health Decisions of Rural Residents in China: Preliminary Results
No full textEconomic studies have shown that living in poverty may produce a subjective feeling of scarcity, which affects people's cognitive functions and decision-making. Understanding this mechanism could inform healthcare designers on designing inclusive health interventions by considering the psychological scarcity and limited cognitive resources of impoverished individuals. We conducted a psychological experiment to test the impact of psychological scarcity on cognitive function and health decisions of rural residents in China. We randomly assign participants to two financial scenarios (hard vs. easy) with the technique of priming to induce their immediate financial worries. Then we measure cognitive function using Raven’s Progressive Matrices and uncover their decision-making priorities with a budget allocation task. 301 participants finished the study and 264 were included in the main analysis. The results show that both immediate financial worries and cumulative poverty have negative effects on participants’ cognitive performance. Responses to scarcity could lead to attentional focus on limited resources, thereby neglecting long-term health consequences, particularly for the lower income group. Based on the findings, we suggest a number of human factors design considerations that are critical to successful healthcare design.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Applied Ergonomics and Desig
Building Understanding of Experience Design in Digital Health: Preliminary Results Based on Semi-Structured Interviews
No full textDesign is expanding its influence on shaping future healthcare. Ideally, designers apply human-centered design and human factors that introduce theory, principles, and methods to design to optimize people’s healthcare experiences in both digital and non-digital environments. To discuss and implement experience design in healthcare, consensus about experience design in healthcare is needed. Objectives: Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate designers’ views on experience design in health, and to uncover their understanding about three experience design concepts, i.e., user experience (UX), patient experience (PEx), and digital patient experience (dPEx). We conducted online semi-structured interviews study with convenience samples who met the eligibility. We used ATLAS.ti for an in-depth data coding following thematic analysis. 24 international designers of digital health solutions, either in industry or in academia took part in the interviews. We found the similarities and differences mentioned between healthcare design and non-healthcare design relate to (1) design principles, (2) user attributes, and (3) design contexts. Furthermore, the differences between UX, PEx, and dPEx can be mapped on five dimensions: people, contexts, purposes, means, and usage scenarios. These insights can help designers and human factors specialists build a common design language for experience design in healthcare. Our study can also assist designers and human factors specialists with experience design in digital health by pointing out the areas where design thinking generally is appropriate and the places where particular expertise in healthcare design is needed.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Applied Ergonomics and DesignResponsible Marketing and Consumer BehaviorHuman-Centered Desig
Processes of modern sedimentation in the southern Weddell Sea, Antarctica – evidence from surface sediments
No full textOrganic carbon, nitrogen, sulfur content and stable carbon isotopes for lacustrine and marine sediment cores from Bunger Hills
No full textThe dataset comprises total organic carbon (TOC), nitrogen, sulfur, carbonate and water contents and d13C values of organic carbon obtained on 15 sediment cores from epishelf and inland lakes recovered in Bunger Hills (East Antarctica) in 1993/94 (Melles, M. (ed.) (1994) Reports on Polar Research 148). The data was published by Kulbe (1997). Age information for cores PG1183, PG1164, PG1162, PG1180, PG1169, PG1170, PG1173 and PG1172 is based on age-depth models published in Berg et al
C-peptide structural and functional relationships studied by biosensor technology and mass spectrometry
No full textProinsulin C-peptide has a number of biological activities and receives interest focusing on the therapeutic potential as a candidate for future co-replacement therapy with insulin in type 1 diabetes. Based on conservation results from comparisons of 22 mammalian proinsulin variants, analogs were constructed for studies of phosphorylation of mitogenactivated protein kinases (MAPKs) in Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts. The results show that phosphorylation of MAPKs is promoted by the presence of conserved glutamic acid residues at three positions of C-peptide and by a helical propensity in the Nterminal segment.Degradation of C-peptide and its C-terminal pentapeptide was also studied. In serum, the bioactive pentapeptide was degraded by an aminopeptidase activity, while the full-length Cpeptide was endoproteolytically degraded. Serum proteins were removed using acetone precipitation, which made it possible to detect a novel N-terminal carbamate modification identified by tandem mass spectrometry. In kidney and placenta extracts, the degradation products were identified, showing major cleavages by an N-Leu-specific endoprotease, and minor aminopeptidase-like cleavages.In attempts at purification of Cpeptide binding protein(s), novel microfluidic biosensor techniques were applied and developed. Utilizing surface plasmon resonance based biosensors, binding proteins were detected in human serum and in detergent-solubilized cellular and tissue material. Components were purified by interaction with biotinylated C-peptide attached to streptavidin-coated Biacore chips. The interaction was shown to be specific by lack of binding to scrambled C-peptide.Proteins bound to the chip were eluted by micro-recovery techniques and were identified by fragment mass mappings and database searches. In all, ten proteins were identified in this manner from total extracts. Although several of the proteins are large and sticky, they show a pattern and demonstrate the power of affinity purification under simultaneous real-time monitoring of the binding.We also studied a new biosensor chip, with a large gold surface (effective area 26 MM2), in affinity purification for enhanced protein recovery. In this manner, a 30-fold greater protein recovery than with conventional chips was demonstrated for an antiC-peptide antibody in a one-step purification from a protein mixture.Finally, an immobilization technique was developed using an Attana biosensor instrument based on the quartz crystal microbalance technique. We demonstrate that charged molecules can be attracted to the chip surface for covalent attachment by application of a potential to the chip surface for electroimmobilization. The resulting chip was then used in biosensor capture of an anti-Cpeptide antibody, that was subsequently eluted using a two-bubble system for efficient recovery and mass spectrometric identification.All three biosensor techniques studied are reproducible through repeated cycles and provide affinity purification of proteins under real-time monitoring of the binding and elution processes.List of scientific papersI. Henriksson M, Nordling E, Melles E, Shafqat J, Stahlberg M, Ekberg K, Persson B, Bergman T, Wahren J, Johansson J, Jornvall H (2005). Separate functional features of proinsulin c-peptide. [Submitted]II. Melles E, Bergman T, Alvelius G, Jonsson A, Ekberg K, Wahren J, Jornvall H (2003). Proinsulin C-peptide and its C-terminal pentapeptide: degradation in human serum and Schiff base formation with subsequent CO2 incorporation. Cell Mol Life Sci. 60(5): 1019-25. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-003-3117-5 III. Melles E, Jornvall H, Tryggvason S, Danielsson KG, Ekberg K, Tryggvason K, Wahren J, Bergman T (2004). Degradation of proinsulin C-peptide in kidney and placenta extracts by a specific endoprotease activity. Cell Mol Life Sci. 61(23): 2979-82. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-004-4313-7 IV. Shafqat J, Melles E, Wiberg D, Sigmundsson K, Tryggvasson S, Johansson J, Wahren J, Obrink B, Jornvall H (2005). Differential protein binding to proinsulin C-peptide: a surface plasmon resonance based analysis. [Manuscript]V. Melles E, Bergman T, Stahlberg M, Thirstrup C, Wahren J, Jornvall H, Shafqat J (2005). Large-surface biosensor technology for enhanced recovery in protein characterization. [Submitted]VI. Melles E, Anderson H, Wallinder D, Shafqat J, Bergman T, Aastrup T, Jornvall H (2005). Electroimmobilization of proinsulin C-peptide to a quartz crystal microbalance sensor chip for protein affinity purification. Anal Biochem. 341(1): 89-93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ab.2005.03.005 </p
Reducing the Environmental Impact of Syringes at the Intensive Care Unit
No full textThis research project, part of the Green Intensive Care Unit (ICU) initiative at the Erasmus University Medical Center (EMC), is focused on reducing the environmental impact of syringes at the ICU by designing solutions based on circular economy principles. Based on a Material Flow Analysis of the EMC ICU, syringes and their packaging have been identified as one of the main environmental impact hotspots. Therefore, this project aimed to redesign the syringes, their packaging, and their use, according to circular design strategies suitable for medical products to decrease their environmental impact, while remaining convenient and safe in use for the healthcare staff and patients. Research was executed to understand the context from multiple perspectives. The outcomes demonstrated that decreasing the impact of syringes is not only related to the design of the syringe itself. Manufacturing, preparation, use and disposal, all contribute to the environmental impact of the syringe. Various possible interventions were derived to reduce its impact: 1.Adapting the infection prevention protocol and behaviour of the staff;2.Separating infectious waste from general hospital waste;3.Redesigning the syringe itself;4.Optimising the filling process of syringes. The final design is an optimised filling process for prefilled sterilised syringes (PFSs), based on circular strategies such as reduce, reuse, rethink and repurpose. Interventions include: eliminating a redundant sterilisation phase, reducing residual medication and changing from steam to gamma sterilisation. This resulted in decreasing the amount of waste, material, energy and water consumption, while offering similar convenience and safety for the staff and patients of the ICU.</p
Towards Circular ICUs:Circular Intubations as a Catalyser for Systemic Change
No full textThis project aims to reduce the environmental impact of the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of the Erasmus Medical Center (EMC). Systemic design research was executed to map the current waste flow created by the ICU. Literature review, interviews and observations were performed to gather information about the healthcare protocols, hospital procurement process, intubation practices and used devices and consumables. This resulted in a set of challenges which were used to ideate from different perspectives to improve the sustainability of the ICU. A set of opportunities to introduce circularity within the ICU were defined. These opportunities ranged from waste separation to the reduction of the disposal of unused products. The selected circular opportunity was intubation, needed when patients cannot breathe by themselves. For this, a video laryngoscope, which is composed of various plastics, a video camera, and a led light, is used for only a few minutes and disposed of (and incinerated) directly afterwards. The aim of the second part of this research project was: Can we design a circular intubation procedure as a catalyzer for systemic change towards circular ICUs? One of the proposed circular strategies for the video laryngoscope is the reprocessing of intubation devices used at the ICU itself. A transition model toward reprocessing using UV-C radiation technique was further developed. Compared to current reprocessing procedures, UV-C disinfection consumes no water and less electricity and offers the possibility of decentralized reprocessing within the ICU department itself. This project aims to provoke conversations between the hospital, manufacturers and other stakeholders about how the healthcare sector could start reprocessing valuable medical devices towards a circular ICU.</p
Dr. Duane M. Jackson, Morehouse College, July 2011
No full textThis video is a conversation with Dr. Duane M. Jackson. Dr. Jackson talks about his paper, "Recall and the Serial Position Effect: The Role of Primacy and Recency on Accounting Students' Performance." Jackie Daniel, AUC Woodruff Library, is the interviewer
Towards Greener ICUs:Redesigning the Use of Disposable Gloves
No full textThis research and design project is part of the Green ICU initiative and focused on reducing the environmental impact of gloves at the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of the Erasmus Medical Center (EMC). At the ICU of the EMC around 108 gloves are used per patient per day; to protect the user (healthcare staff) from infections. The high frequency of use and the resource-intensive production define disposable nitrile gloves as one of the ‘hotspots’ contributing to the environmental impact created by the ICU. This research and design project addressed the problem from three different perspectives: user-centred, product-centred and supply-centred. The extensive research resulted in three design directions on how to reduce the environmental impact of gloves. Subsequently, all insights from the research were brought together into five design building blocks. These design building blocks provided guidance for the design phase of the project. The project resulted in a redesign of the current glove dispensers. The final design is named ‘GloVe’, a vertical dispense system. By incorporating the five building blocks, the design can provide benefits for multiple stakeholders within the healthcare system. It reduces the environmental impact of gloves in the ICU by dispensing one glove at a time. Furthermore, the gloves are dispensed at the cuff, which comes in little contact with the patient. The vertical movement is pleasant to the user. The use of colour for different sizes makes it clear to the care assistant which box should go in which holder. Also, nurses will see at a glance, which size gloves they are dispensing. The small V-shaped opening makes the undesirable behaviour, of placing gloves back, almost impossible.</p
"Reflections on the subject of Emigration from Europe with a view to Settlement in the United States" By M. Carey.
No full text"Reflections on the subject of Emigration from Europe with a view to Settlement in the United States: containing bried sketches of the moral and political character of those states.
By M. Carey, member of the American philosophical, and of the American Antiquarian Society, and author of The Olive Branch, Cindiciae Hibernicae, essays on banking, on political economy, and on internal improvement.
To which are now added the English editor's comments on the subject; together with Important Advice to Emigrants, and Cautions Against Impositions Practiced in the Outports
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