317 research outputs found
Perspectieven van Kamerleden op de islam in de Nederlandse samenleving.
No full textDe Minderhedennota uit 1983, de Rushdie-affaire in 1989 en de toespraak van Frits Bolkestein in 1991 hadden grote invloed op het debat over de islam in Nederland. In dit onderzoek worden discoursen van parlementariërs geanalyseerd in Tweede Kamerdebatten over deze gebeurtenissen. Door taal te analyseren die parlementariërs gebruikten, komen we meer te weten over de perspectieven van Kamerleden op de plaats van de islam in de Nederlandse samenleving tussen 1983 en 1994
Novel Ag-doped glass frits for high-efficiency crystalline silicon solar cells
No full textGlass frits play an important role in the front contact electrodes of crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cells. In this work, we developed a novel glass frit by doping Ag into a glass frit in the process of hightemperature synthesis. When the Ag paste including this novel glass frit was used as the front contact electrode of silicon solar cells, the conversion efficiency of poly-crystalline silicon (pc-Si) solar cells was improved by 1.9% compared to the glass frit without Ag. Through SEM characterisation and calculation of series resistance, we further found that the interface between Ag and Si was improved and the contact resistance of Ag and Si was greatly reduced, which were believed to be responsible for the improvement of solar cell performance. This work shows great guidance significance to develop novel and highly efficient commercial glass frits applied in solar cells in the future.Guangdong Innovative and Intrepreneurial Research Team Program [2013N080]; Peacock Plan [KYPT20141016105435850]; Shenzhen Key Lab [(2012)780, ZDSY20130331145131323]SCI(E)ARTICLE466239-62425
Quality control of constructions: European trends and developments
No full textPurpose: This paper aims to evaluate the quality control systems for constructions in seven countries in Europe with the purpose to trace innovative approaches and best practices that can serve as examples for other countries. Design/methodology/approach: The paper is based on a series of research projects carried out over a number of years. The research results were updated in 2016 with a desktop research project in seven European countries. The results from this latest project form the heart of this paper. The information is organised into tables that describe and analyse the main features of the quality control systems of the countries (e.g. scope, focus and main characteristics of the procedures and quality demands on building professionals). Findings: Several similar trends can be recognised in the quality control systems of the various European Union (EU) countries. Quality control is getting more and more privatised and the control framework is setting checks and balances throughout the construction process. Other findings are that scope and focus of the statutory control is unbalanced. Within the control processes emphasis is put on the safety aspects of complex constructions. Far fewer demands are made on the quality of the builders. Re-orientation of the building regulatory framework seems to be needed. Research limitations/implications: The paper only focusses on European countries where private quality control is established and on selected topics. The findings are based on desktop research and not on the practical experiences of the stakeholders involved in the countries studied. Practical implications: The paper draws some important recommendations for policymakers in the building regulatory field. It suggests both an enhancement of the effectiveness of the quality control procedure as well as the commitment of builders to comply with the regulations. Social implications: The quality of constructions is essential for the wellbeing and safety of its users, its occupants or its visitors. This applies to the whole range of quality aspects: structural- and fire safety, health, sustainability and usability aspects. The analyses and recommendations of this paper aim to contribute to an improvement of the overall construction quality. Originality/value: The paper makes an original contribution to the (limited) literature that is available in this field. The results can be used to situate the quality control systems of each member state within the EU, to assess the main trends, and it can be used as a guide to develop strategic choices on possible improvements in each country.OLD Housing Quality and Process Innovatio
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