1,893 research outputs found
The Omega-3 Fatty Acid Eicosapentaenoic Acid Accelerates Disease Progression in a Model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
No full textPMCID: PMC3631166This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
Biobehavioural and cerebral hemodynamic effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in healthy individuals
No full textThe omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) are a unique class of fatty acids that cannot be manufactured by the body, and must be acquired via dietary sources. In the UK, as well as in other Western nations, these ‘essential’ fatty acids are consumed in quantities that fall below government guidelines. This thesis examined the relationship between n-3 PUFAs and cognitive function and mood in healthy children (8-10 years) and adults (18-35 years), with a view to evaluate their efficacy for cognitive and mood enhancement in these populations. A second aim was to evaluate the effects of n-3 PUFAs on cerebral hemodynamics, a novel line of enquiry. Chapters 2 and 4 describe novel intervention studies that assessed the effects of n- 3 PUFA supplements on cognitive function and mood in healthy children and adults, respectively. In Chapter 3, the relationship between peripheral PUFA concentrations, a correlate of dietary PUFA intake, and cognitive and function and mood was examined for the first time in healthy adults. Chapter 5 describes a pilot trial in which Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) imaging technique was applied to investigate the cerebral hemodynamic effects of n-3 PUFA supplements. The results of this study were explored in more detail in Chapter 6, with the additional inclusion of parallel cognitive measures. Most notably, the behavioural data from the intervention studies described herein do not support the use of n-3 PUFA supplements for cognitive and mood enhancement in healthy children and adults not consuming appreciable amounts of oily fish. However, the results do suggest that supplementation with dietary n-3 PUFAs has an impact on peripheral fatty acid status and cerebral hemodynamics in healthy adults. Taken together, these findings suggest that, in healthy, cognitively intact individuals, short-term use of n-3 PUFA supplements has a minimal effect on behaviour; the impact of long-term n-3 PUFA dietary intake or supplement use over the course of the entire lifespan on behaviour should be addressed further
Update on marine omega-3 fatty acids: Management of dyslipidemia and current omega-3 treatment options
No full textAbstractLow-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is currently the primary target in the management of dyslipidemia, and statins are first-line pharmacologic interventions. Adjunct therapy such as niacins, fibrates, bile acid sequestrants, or cholesterol absorption inhibitors may be considered to help reduce cardiovascular risk. This review discusses the need for alternative adjunct treatment options and the potential place for omega-3 fatty acids as such. The cardiovascular benefits of fish consumption are attributed to the omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and a variety of omega-3 fatty acid products are available with varied amounts of EPA and DHA. The product types include prescription drugs, food supplements, and medical foods sourced from fish, krill, algal and plant oils or purified from these oils. Two prescription omega-3 fatty acids are currently available, omega-3 fatty acid ethyl esters (contains both EPA and DHA ethyl esters), and icosapent ethyl (IPE; contains high-purity EPA ethyl ester). A pharmaceutical containing free fatty acid forms of omega-3 is currently in development. Omega-3 fatty acid formulations containing EPA and DHA have been shown to increase LDL-C levels while IPE has been shown to lower triglyceride levels without raising LDL-C levels, alone or in combination with statin therapy. In addition, recent studies have not been able to demonstrate reduced cardiovascular risk following treatment with fibrates, niacins, cholesterol absorption inhibitors, or omega-3 fatty acid formulations containing both EPA and DHA in statin-treated patients; thus, there remains a need for further cardiovascular outcomes studies for adjunct therapy
Pseudoscalar production at omega omega threshold in J/psi ->gamma omega omega
No full textThe decay channel J/psi ->gamma omega omega, omega ->pi(+)pi(-)pi(0) is analyzed using a sample of 5.8x10(7) J/psi events collected with the BESII detector. The omega omega invariant mass distribution peaks at 1.76 GeV/c(2), just above the omega omega threshold. Analysis of angular correlations indicates that the omega omega system below 2 GeV/c(2) is predominantly pseudoscalar. A partial wave analysis confirms the predominant pseudoscalar structure, together with small 0(++) and 2(++) contributions, and yields a pseudoscalar mass M=1744 +/- 10 (stat)+/- 15 (syst) MeV/c(2), a width Gamma=244(-21)(+24) (stat)+/- 25 (syst) MeV/c(2), and a product branching fraction Br(J/psi ->gamma eta(1760))center dot Br(eta(1760)->omega omega)=(1.98 +/- 0.08 (stat)+/- 0.32 (syst))x10(-3).http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000238698300016&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=8e1609b174ce4e31116a60747a720701Astronomy & AstrophysicsPhysics, Particles & FieldsSCI(E)28ARTICLE11null7
Long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in relation to gut integrity, growth and cognitive development of rural African children
Get PDFBackground
and
rationale:
Weaning
foods
fed
to
infants
in
rural
Gambia
are
often
contaminated,
resulting
in
infections
which
contribute
to
initiating
a
persistent
inflammation
of
the
gut.
This
enteropathy,
which
causes
intestinal
damage
and
malabsorption,
is
strongly
associated
with
the
high
degree
of
growth
faltering
seen
in
Gambian
infants.
There
is
evidence
that
supplementary
omega-3
long-chain
polyunsaturated
fatty
acids
(n-3
LCPs)
might
ameliorate
this
damage
by
reducing
gastro-intestinal
inflammation.
Additionally,
n-3
LCPs
have
been
shown
to
benefit
mental
development
and
problem-solving
ability
in
infants,
but
this
has
not
yet
been
tested
in
an
African
population.
Methods:
A
randomised,
double-blind,
controlled
trial
(500mg
combined
n-3
LCPs
per
day
for
six
months)
was
conducted
in
a
population
of
rural
African
infants
aged
3
months
-
9
months.
The
primary
outcomes
were
infant
anthropometric
indicators
and
gut
integrity
(measured
by
urinary
lactulose-mannitol
ratios).
Plasma
fatty
acid
status
(plasma
fatty
acid
profiles),
cognitive
development
(Willatts
Test
and
an
attention
assessment
at
12
months
of
age),
intestinal
mucosal
inflammation
(faecal
calprotectin),
and
daily
morbidities
were
the
secondary
outcome
measures.
Results:
One-hundred
and
seventy-two
Gambian
infants
completed
the
trial.
Except
for
an
increase
in
mid-upper-arm
circumference
z-scores
in
the
intervention
group
(95%
Cl:
0.06,0.56;
p=0.017),
no
significant
differences
between
treatment
groups
were
detected
for
growth
and
lactulose-mannitol
ratios
at
9
months.
At
12
months
mid-upper-arm
circumference
remained
greater
in
the
intervention
group,
and
significant
increases
in
skinfold
thicknesses
were
detected
(pSO.022
for
ali).
Supplementation
resulted
in
a
significant
increase
in
plasma
n-3
LCP
levels
(p<O.001)
and
decrease
in
n-6
LCP:n-3
LCP
ratios
(p<O.OOl).
Plasma
n-6
fatty
acid
levels
were
not
affected.
No
difference
was
detected
for
the
other
secondary
outcomes.
Conclusion:
Fish
oil
supplementation
proved
safe
and
successfully
increased
plasma
n-3
fatty
acid
status,
but
the
results
of
this
trial
do
not
support
the
use
of
supplementary
n-3
LCPs
in
young,
breast-fed,
rural
Gambian
infants
for
improving
overall
growth
performance,
intestinal
integrity,
and
cognitive
development,
or
reducing
intestinal
and
systemic
inflammatio
Further generalized versions of Ilmanen's lemma on insertion of or functions
No full textsummary:The author proved in 2018 that if is an open subset of a Hilbert space, continuous functions and a nontrivial modulus such that , is locally semiconvex with modulus and is locally semiconcave with modulus , then there exists such that . This is a generalization of Ilmanen's lemma (which deals with linear modulus and functions on an open subset of ). Here we extend the mentioned result from Hilbert spaces to some superreflexive spaces, in particular to spaces, . We also prove a ``global" version of Ilmanen's lemma (where a function is inserted between functions on an interval )
OMEGA-3 IN PEDIATRIC PRACTICE
Get PDFThe article is dedicated to omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are found in several marine and plant oils. The author emphasizes that, being irreplaceable, these fatty acids should enter the body with food. Omega-3 regulate lipid exchange, balance functions of immune, nervous and cardiovascular systems, provide generation of prostaglandins, reduce thrombocyte aggregation, are a structural substance of brain and retina. In case of insufficient consumption of food containing omega-3, their dotation in the form of drugs is necessary. The importance of these compounds for maturation and correct functioning of vital systems both in unborn and newborn children is particularly noted
The omega seed: an eschatological hypothesis - review
No full textThis is an electronic version of an article published in Zygon®: Journal of Religion and Science.Soleri believes in an Omega God. Inveighing against the Alpha God, traditional theism is misleading. Our present human challenge is to become what we are, the seed of God, and hence Soleri's title. We are the Omega Seed. Soleri's creed is: "There is no God yet, and Soleri is his prophet." This is best considered a hypothesis and we wait to see if there are any fruits
Alpha and Omega, from Seneca Journal
No full text10 x 15 cm.Postcard of poem 'Alpha and Omega' by Jerome Rothenberg, with letter by author to David Meltzer on back, ca. 1974. 10 x 15 cm
Soft Rω-Open Sets and the Soft Topology of Soft δω-Open Sets
No full textThe author devotes this paper to defining a new class of soft open sets, namely soft Rω-open sets, and investigating their main features. With the help of examples, we show that the class of soft Rω-open sets lies strictly between the classes of soft regular open sets and soft open sets. We show that soft Rω-open subsets of a soft locally countable soft topological space coincide with the soft open sets. Moreover, we show that soft Rω-open subsets of a soft anti-locally countable coincide with the soft regular open sets. Moreover, we show that the class of soft Rω-open sets is closed under finite soft intersection, and as a conclusion, we show that this class forms a soft base for some soft topology. In addition, we define the soft δω-closure operator as a new operator in soft topological spaces. Moreover, via the soft δω-closure operator, we introduce soft δω-open sets as a new class of soft open sets which form a soft topology. Moreover, we study the correspondence between soft δω-open in soft topological spaces and δω-open in topological spaces
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