1,720,972 research outputs found
Essais Sur la Création de Valeur Appliquée au Phénomène du Logiciel Libre : Comprendre l'Influence des Structures de Travail, de la Composition des Équipes et des Idéologies de la Communauté
No full textCette thèse, composée de trois essais, explore les mécanismes de création de valeur associés aux structures de travail, à la composition d’équipes, ainsi qu’aux idéologies communautaires de projets de logiciels libres. Le premier essai examine la nature unique du travail open source, dominé par la superposition séquentielle de tâches individuelles. Cet essai théorise les mécanismes de motivation associés aux structures de travail des projets open source et examine leur influence sur la réussite des projets. Alors que le premier essai établit l’importance de l’organisation du travail par tâche dans les projets open source, le deuxième essai élargit l’enquête sur le rôle de la composition de l’équipe et de la gouvernance dans la réussite du projet. S'appuyant sur les théories de la coordination et de la gouvernance des réseaux, cet article étudie l'influence des restrictions d'accès au code source imposé aux membres de l'équipe pour atténuer les problèmes de coordination. Le troisième essai poursuit une vision globale de la communauté open source en examinant les fondements idéologiques de la communauté et étudie son influence sur le succès du projet. L’essai examine deux changements idéologiques observés dans la communauté de l’open source qui ont modifié les convictions d’ouverture et de prévention de l’appropriation commerciale, sur lesquels le phénomène de l’open source a été fondé.This dissertation comprising three essays explores the value creation mechanisms associated with the work structures, team composition, and community ideologies of open source software projects. The first essay examines the unique nature of open source work which is dominated by the sequential layering of individual tasks. This essay theorizes the motivational mechanisms associated with the work structures of open source projects and examines their influence on project success. While the first essay establishes the importance of task-work organization in open source projects, the second essay expands the inquiry into the role of team composition in the project’s success. Building on the theories of coordination and network governance, this essay studies the influence of source code access restrictions imposed on team members in mitigating coordination challenges. The third essay pursues an overarching view of the open source community by examining the ideological foundations of the community and studies its influence on project success. The essay scrutinizes two ideological shifts seen in the open source community that have altered the beliefs of ‘openness’ and ‘prevention of commercial appropriation’, on which the open source phenomenon was founded
OpenCodeNet
No full textA crowdsourced, open database of labelled code commits for training and benchmarking classification models built to evaluate software code. This is a platform that researchers can use to crowdsource training data for building classification models to evaluate software code.The crowdsourced labels (over 3000 code snippets labelled on their novelty and usefulness) are available publicly and are currently being used by researchers from Tilburg University, HEC Paris, and SKEMA business school to study the antecedents of innovation in OSS project
Can Human Judgement be Machine-Sourced? An Approach to Measure the Perceptual Dimensions Embedded in Software
No full textConsidering the challenges of measuring the perceptual dimensions of the IT artifact, we propose a computational method for developing latent concepts through the lines of code that make up a software artifact. The proposed “machine-sourcing human judgement” approach, combines a novel technique of extracting the semantic properties (meanings) of the code from the software engineering literature with the machine-learning techniques used in the IS literature. Using the illustration of open source software (OSS), we demonstrate that the ‘contextual’ and ‘economic’ limitations of evaluating the creativity of OSS code contributions can be overcome through our approach. The performance of the proposed approach is tested by using a labelled dataset of code contributions created by two experienced OSS developers. We find that our approach of using semantic properties from the “software code” matches in performance to evaluating “textual descriptions” of the code. Potential methodological improvements and future research opportunities are also discussed
Ideological shifts in open source orchestration:Examining the influence of licence choice and organisational participation on open source project outcomes
No full textThough volunteer-driven Free (Libre) and Open Source Software (FLOSS) development were founded on the ideological beliefs of “openness” and “absence of any commercial appropriation”, in recent years, FLOSS movement has witnessed two ideological shifts. First, the emergence of “permissive FLOSS licences” that allow commercial appropriation of the collaboratively developed code, and second, “organisational ownership” of FLOSS projects. Because ideological beliefs shape the motivational needs of the volunteer contributors, and motivational needs influence the dominant work structures, it is expected that ideological shifts could influence the mechanisms through which work is orchestrated in FLOSS projects. Motivated by the need to understand the impact of these ideological shifts, we theorise the mechanisms through which the two ideological shifts alter the influence of FLOSS work structures on project outcomes of popularity and survival. Adopting an instrument variable approach, our analysis of projects hosted on GitHub confirms the significance of both the ideological shifts with some interesting contextual differences across the two project outcomes. Specifically, we find that the ideological shift pertaining to licence type has a significant influence on both the examined project outcomes, whereas organisational ownership has a significant influence only on the popularity of FLOSS projects
To “survive” or to “innovate”? Decision rights configurations in open source projects
No full textDespite the widespread use of open source software (OSS) development, the governance of OSS projects continues to remain a challenge for both individuals and organizations. Grounding our work in the decision rights (DR) perspective, we posit that the OSS project governance involves two tradeoffs - between (a) formal and informal and (b) centralized and decentralized configurations of DR in OSS projects. Further, we theorize the mechanisms through which these DR configurations can have varying impacts on two OSS project outcomes, survival and creativity. Using data from 6,563 OSS projects hosted on GitHub and applying robust analytical and machine learning techniques, we find that decentralization of the DR, measured by the number of core contributors in the project, has a negative influence on the project’s survival but a positive influence on the project’s creativity. Formalization of the DR, measured through organizational ownership of the OSS project, moderates these relationships by enhancing the probability of OSS project survival and attenuating project creativity. Through this research, we show that the DR perspective offers a useful lens for theorizing the existence of different OSS project governance configurations for different desired outcomes. By examining these configurations, we advance the understanding of OSS project governance mechanisms and offer practitioners valuable insights for effectively managing OSS projects
The effect of donation-based funding on user innovation in the video game industry
No full textThis study investigates how the introduction of Donation-Based Funding (DBF) affects the quantity and quality of user innovations in the video game industry. While the impact of financial incentives has been investigated in other knowledge-sharing and User-Generated Content (UGC) communities, the findings have been mixed. It is also unclear how financial incentives affect a highly creative industry like video games. By leveraging a Difference-in-Differences (DiD) analysis and Coarsened Exact Matching (CEM), the effectof DBF on the quantity and quality of user contributions in the video game industry is analyzed. Secondary data is collected from two of the largest mod platforms for PC gaming, namely Nexus Mods and the Steam Workshop. The results indicate that the introduction of DBF significantly increased both the quantity and quality of user contributions on the treatment platform. The implications of these findings on the effect of financial incentives on user innovation, the implications for video game developers and platforms, and future research directions are discussed.<br/
What do you give back? Donation-based funding and effort reallocation in knowledge-sharing ecosystems
No full textGiving back to the community: Cross-platform spillover effects of donation based funding of open source contributors
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