2,780 research outputs found
The vanishing author in computer-generated works: a critical analysis of recent Australian case law
No full textAbstract
The use of software is ubiquitous in the creation of many copyright works, yet the requirement in copyright law that every work have a human author who engages in independent intellectual effort means that its use may prevent copyright subsistence. Several recent Australian cases have refocused attention on authorship as an essential criterion of copyright subsistence, and these cases suggest that much computer-produced output may be authorless and thus lack copyright protection. This article, the first in a two-part series, analyses how each case deals with the question of authorship of computer-produced works and why the use of software diminishes copyright protection for a significant number of computer-generated works. The article critiques the application of conventional notions of human authorship developed in the pre-computer age to modern productions and suggests alternative approaches to authorship that satisfy both the major objectives of copyright policy and the need to adapt to the computer age. The article argues that, without a broader judicial approach to authorship of computer-generated works, Parliament must remedy the lacuna in protection for these ‘authorless’ works. Possible solutions for reform are suggested. In a forthcoming article, the author comprehensively examines those reform proposals
Observation of psi(3686) -> e(+)e(-)chi(cJ) and chi(cJ) -> e(+)e(-)J/psi
No full textKolcu, Onur Buğra (Arel Author)Using 4.479 x 10(8) psi(3686) events collected with the BESIII detector, we search for the decays psi(3686) -> e(+)e(-)chi(cJ) and chi(cJ) -> e(+)e(-)J/psi, where J = 0, 1, 2. The decays psi(3686) -> e(+)e(-)chi(cJ) and chi(cJ) -> e(+)e(-)J/psi are observed for the first time. The measured branching fractions are B(psi(3686) -> e(+)e(-)chi(cJ)) = (11.7 +/- 2.5 +/- 1.0) x 10(-4), (8.6 +/- 0.3 +/- 0.6) x 10(-4), (6.9 +/- 0.5 +/- 0.6) x 10(-4) for J = 0, 1, 2, and B(chi(cJ) -> e(+)e(-)J/psi) = (1.51 +/- 0.30 +/- 0.13)x10(-4), (3.73 +/- 0.09 +/- 0.25)x10(-3), (2.48 +/- 0.08 +/- 0.16)x10(-3) for J = 0, 1, 2, respectively. The ratios of the branching fractions B(psi(3686) -> e(+)e(-)chi(cJ))/B(psi(3686) -> gamma chi(cJ)) and B(chi(cJ) -> e(+)e(-)J/psi)/B(chi(cJ) -> gamma J/psi) are also reported. Also, the alpha values of helicity angular distributions of the e(+)e(-) pair are determined for psi(3686) -> e(+)e(-)chi(c1,2) and chi(c1,2) -> e(+)e(-)J/psi
Asymptotic Stability of a Plane CJ Detonation Wave
No full text. We study the asymptotic stability of a plane CJ detonation wave under the assumption of small resolved heat release (SRHR). We prove that the solution exists globally and that the solution converges uniformly to a shifted CJ detonation wave as t!+ 1 for initial data which are small perturbations of the CJ detonation wave. The weighted energy method is used to overcome the difficulty arising from the sonic property at the end of the reaction. The SRHR model allows us to treat the non-monotone spike in the profile of the CJ detonation wave by the characteristic energy estimate. Key words. CJ detonation, shock wave, traveling wave, sonic point, asymptotic behavior, weighted energy estimate, characteristic energy estimate. AMS(MOS) subject classifications. 35L65, 35B40, 35B50, 76L05, 76J10. Acknowledgments. The author is grateful to Prof. T.-P. Liu for pointing out the reference of Matsumura and Nishihara to her. This work was partially supported by ONR N00014-92-J-1890. 1 Introduc..
Isolation and characterisation of mouse intestinal mesoangioblasts
No full textAIMS AND OBJECTIVES: Children suffering from intestinal failure (IF) endure considerable morbidity and overall have poor survival rates, complicated by the shortage of organs available for transplantation. Therefore, new therapeutic approaches are pivotal if outcomes are to be improved. Over the past years, tissue engineering (TE) has emerged as a possible alternative treatment for many congenital and acquired conditions. TE aims at creating bioengineered organs by means of combining scaffolds with appropriate cell types, which in the intestine are organised within a multilayer structure. In order to generate functional intestine, this cellular diversity and organisation will need to be recreated. While the cells for the epithelial, neural and vascular compartments have been well defined, so far, less attention has been put on the muscular compartment. More recently, mesoangioblasts (MABs) have been identified as a novel source for tissue regeneration since they are able to give rise to vascular and other mesodermal derivatives. To date MABs have not been successfully isolated from intestinal tissue. Therefore, our aim was to demonstrate the possibility of isolating MABs from adult mouse small intestine. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All experiments were carried out using small intestinal tissues from C57BL/6J mice. We applied an established protocol for MAB isolation from the isolated neuromuscular layer of the small intestine. Cultured cells were stained for Ki67 to assess proliferation rates as well as for a panel of pericyte markers to determine their phenotype. RESULTS: Cells were successfully isolated from gut biopsies. Cultured cells showed good proliferative capacity and positivity for at least three pericytes markers found in vessels of the gut neuromuscular wall: neuron-glial antigen 2, alkaline phosphatase and platelet-derived growth factor β. CONCLUSION: This proof-of-principle study lays the foundation for further characterization of MABs as a possible cell source for intestinal smooth muscle regeneration and TE.sponsorship: The authors would like to acknowledge the NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre which supports all research at Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health. The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR or the Department of Health. Additional support for this project was provided by Horizon 2020 INTENS funding. NT is supported by Great Ormond Street Hospital Children's Charity. SP's PhD studentship is funded through a GOSHCC grant awarded to NT. CM is supported by Guts UK (Derek Butler Fellowship). PDC is supported by National Institute for Health Research (NIHR-RP-2014-04-046). (NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, Horizon 2020 INTENS funding, Great Ormond Street Hospital Children's Charity, GOSHCC, Guts UK (Derek Butler Fellowship), National Institute for Health Research|NIHR-RP-2014-04-046)status: Publishe
Observation of chi(cJ) -> 4K(S)(0)
No full textKolcu, Onur Buğra (Arel Author)By analyzing (448.1 +/- 2.9) x 10(6) psi(3686) events collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII collider, the decays of chi(c)(J) -> 4K(S)(0) (J = 0, 1, 2) are observed for the first time with statistical significances of 26.5 sigma, 5.9 sigma and 11.4 sigma, respectively. The product branching fractions of psi(3686) -> gamma chi(cJ), chi(cJ) -> 4K(S)(0 )are presented, and the branching fractions of chi(cJ) -> 4K(S)(0) decays are determined to be B-chi c0 -> 4KS0 = (5.76 +/- 0.34 +/- 0.38) x 10(-4), B-chi c1 -> 4KS0 = (0.35 +/- 0.09 +/- 0.03) x 10(-4) and B-chi c2 -> 4KS0( )= (1.14 +/- 0.15 +/- 0.08) x 10(-4), where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic, respectively
Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the human ATP7B gene modify the properties of the ATP7B protein
No full textSingle nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are the largest source of sequence variation in the human genome. However, their functional significance is not well understood. We show that SNPs in the Wilson disease gene, ATP7B, that produce amino-acid substitutions K832R and R952K, modulate ATP7B properties in vitro and influence serum copper (Cu) status in vivo. The presence of R832 is associated with a lower ATP7B abundance and a diminished trafficking in response to elevated Cu. The K832R substitution alters surface exposure of amino acid residues in the actuator domain and increases its conformational flexibility. All SNP-related ATP7B variants (R832/R952, R832/K952, K832/K952, and K832/R952) have Cu-transport activity. However, the activity of ATP7B-K832/K952 is lower compared to other variants. In humans, the presence of K952 is associated with a higher fraction of exchangeable Cu in serum. Thus, SNPs may modulate the properties of ATP7B and the organism Cu status
"These signs forerun the death or fall of kings": renegotiating masculinities and centrality in Shakespeare's second tetralogy through adaptation, direction and performance (PhD Thesis): [Appendix 1.4] Fall of Kings (2018) - Rehearsal and Production Photographs
No full textThis item contains appendices content relating to the PhD thesis, "These signs forerun the death or fall of kings": renegotiating masculinities and centrality in Shakespeare's second tetralogy through adaptation, direction and performance, by doctoral candidate CJ Turner-McMullan.Fall of Kings is an adaptation of William Shakespeare's Richard II, exploring performed and embodied representations of masculinities, and how performance may subvert binary dichotomies and gendered power onstage. The production was photographed during rehearsals at Bath Spa University and performances at Burdall's Yard, Bath in March 2018.Adapted and directed by CJ Turner-McMullanFight Direction // Russell Eccleston and Tiffany RhodesLighting Design // Annabel EllisSound Design and Composition // Edward TerryPerformers // Toby Underwood, Russell Eccleston, Gabrielle Finnegan, Ross Scott, James Leyshon, Adam Lloyd-James, Mike Harley, Kian Keanu PollardReproduced with permission from CJ Turner-McMullan and Sam Chandler (photographers).All media is copyright restricted. No unauthorised use or distribution without consent of the author. Use of this repository acknowledges cooperation with its policies and relevant copyright law.</p
chi(cJ) polarizations at the Fermilab Tevatron
No full textWe propose the measurement of chi (cJ) polarizations at high energy hadron colliders to study heavy quarkonium production mechanism. We find that the color-singlet model in the k(t) factorization approach predicts very different behavior for chi (cJ) polarizations at the Fermilab Tevatron compared with the NRQCD predictions in the collinear parton model. In the color-singlet k(t) factorization approach, for both chi (c1) and chi (c2) productions, the helicity h = 0 states dominate over other helicity states at large p(T). These properties are very useful in distinguishing between the two production mechanisms which are related to the interesting issue of J psi and psi' polarizations, and may provide a crucial test for the k(t) factorization approach. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000167082100012&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=8e1609b174ce4e31116a60747a720701Physics, MultidisciplinarySCI(E)3ARTICLE1-299-10450
QCD radiative corrections to chi(cJ) production at hadron colliders
No full textTo clarify the outstanding problem in charmonium production that existing theories cannot explain the observed cross sections of chi(cJ)(J = 0, 1, 2) and ratio R-chi c = sigma(chi c2)/sigma(chi c1) approximate to 0.75(in contrast to the spin counting value 5/3) at the Tevatron, we study the complete next-to-leading order radiative corrections in nonrelativistic QCD, and find next-to-leading order contributions of P-3(J)vertical bar 1 vertical bar are more important than leading order at high p(T), and P-3(1)vertical bar 1 vertical bar decreases slower than P-3(2)vertical bar 1 vertical bar, implying a natural explanation for the R-chi c puzzle. By fitting R-chi c, the predicted cross sections of chi(cJ) are found to agree with data. The result indicates coloroctet contribution is crucially needed, thus providing a unique test for heavy quarkonium production mechanisms. Feed-down contributions of chi(cJ) to prompt J/psi production are estimated to be substantial, about 30%-40% at p(T) = 20 GeV. Production of chi(cJ)(J = 0, 1, 2) at the LHC is also predicted.http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000291464100001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=8e1609b174ce4e31116a60747a720701Astronomy & AstrophysicsPhysics, Particles & FieldsSCI(E)71ARTICLE11null8
Precise measurement of spin-averaged chi(cJ)(1P) mass using photon conversions in psi(2S)->gamma chi(cJ)
No full textBeijing Electron-Positron Collider. The chi(cJ)(1P) states (J = 0, 1, 2) are clearly observed, and their masses and the spin-averaged chi(cJ) mass are determined to be M-chi c0 = 3414: 21 +/- 0.39 +/- 0.27, M-chi c1 = 3510.30 +/- 0.14 +/- 0.16, M-chi c2 = 3555.70 +/- 0.59 +/- 0.39, and M(P-3(cog)) = 3524.85 +/- 0.32 +/- 0.30 MeV/c(2), respectively.Astronomy & AstrophysicsPhysics, Particles & FieldsSCI(E)0ARTICLE9null7
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