182,859 research outputs found
Meglio soli che male accompagnati: lo strano caso della comprensione di un testo scientifico
No full textIl contributo propone uno studio empirico che pone a confronto apprendimento individuale (condizione IL) e apprendimento di gruppo (condizione GBL) all’interno dell’ambiente digitale “Moodle”. Il contesto è la Facoltà di Psicologia dell’ALMA MATER STUDIORUM (Università di Bologna) e i partecipanti sono 263 studenti universitari del primo anno iscritti all’attività formativa pratica (AFP) “Introduzione alla letteratura e al linguaggio scientifico”. L’AFP è suddivisa in due corsi, corso A (max 150 iscritti con 3 lezioni in presenza al lunedì) e corso B (max 150 iscritti con 3 lezioni in presenza al martedì) ed è proposta in formato blended-learning (tre lezioni in presenza e tre attività on-line).
Sulla base dei dati raccolti ed elaborati, lo studio empirico proposto all’interno di questo contributo persegue due obiettivi principali:
- Proporre un metodo per costruire un profilo delle abilità relazionali degli studenti sulla base degli indici relazionali della SNA;
- Verificare il miglioramento nella comprensione di testi scientifici da parte degli studenti sulla base di differenti tipologie di apprendimento e di differenti profili per quanto concerne le abilità relazionali
Didattica Universitaria Online
No full textDidattica Universitaria Online (DUO) è un progetto complesso e articolato che ha lo scopo di riportare lo stato dell’arte della didattica online nelle università italiane. È stato possibile realizzare questo prodotto grazie alla collaborazione tra due Associazioni di ricerca che rappresentano punti di riferimento importanti e complementari relativamente all’uso dell’E-learning e delle tecnologie nella formazione: il Collaborative Knowledge Building Group (C.K.B.G.) (www. ckbg.org) e la Società Italiana per l’Elearning (Sie-l) (www.sie-l.it). Infatti, i quattro curatori dell’opera hanno lavorato in rappresentanza delle due Associazioni: M. Beatrice Ligorio e Elvis Mazzoni per il C.K.B.G.; Aurelio Simone e Mirella Casini Schaerf per la Sie-l. La portata dell’opera è tale che è stata necessaria un’articolazione in tre Volumi: Volume I: Modelli e Teorie che si compone di 12 Capitoli; Volume II: Esperienze che contiene 16 Capitoli; Volume III: Strumenti e Problemi articolato in 5 Capitoli. La struttura dei tre Volumi non va considerata in modo rigido, in quanto i capitoli che li compongono possono essere selezionati e ricombinati su richiesta del lettore. Si tratta, infatti, di testi in formato e-book che, oltre a presentare una natura multimediale e ipertestuale, permette anche una elevata personalizzazione selezionando capitoli dei vari volumi per comporne testi appositamente creati on-demand. Quest’opera fa parte della Collana “Con-testi e Tecnologie” curata dal C.K.B.G. Altri testi che fanno parte della Collana sono: Knowledge Building Communities: ripensare la scuola come comunità di ricerca, a cura di S. Cacciamani; Formazione, Innovazione e Tecnologia, a cura di D. Cesareni e S. Manca
Computational methodologies for radiogenomics and digital pathology
No full textThe primary objective of this thesis is to showcase computational methodologies for Radiogenomics and Digital Pathology.
Radiogenomics seeks to establish connections between a lesion's phenotypic features and its genotypic traits, relying on quantitative insights referred to as radiomics features.
Digital Pathology, initially centered on digitizing classical histopathology, has expanded its scope. It now encompasses a broad range of image processing algorithms for analyzing acquired images.
Both these disciplines heavily rely on Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) techniques. DL, in particular, has revolutionized medical image analysis, significantly boosting performance in classification, detection, and various medical domains. The thesis focuses on creating accessible, interpretable end-to-end pipelines utilizing ML and DL frameworks, drawing data from both public repositories and local hospitals.
In the field of Radiogenomics, the research activities have focused on analyzing lung cancer cases. As a first step, a model that classifies lung adenocarcinomas from other types of lesions using radiomic features extracted from Computed Tomography (CT) images has been developed. Subsequently, a system that classifies the mutational status of two crucial genes in cases of lung adenocarcinomas, KRAS and EGFR, also based on radiomic features extracted from CT images has been built. Predicting the mutational status of these genes is indeed crucial in clinical settings as it enables physicians to tailor a personalized treatment plan for the patient.
In the domain of Digital Pathology, the research has concentrated on two studies: the first one assessed the impact of unpaired image-to-image translation (UI2IT) architectures for normalizing hematoxylin and eosin stained images in the classification of histopathological tissue of patients with colorectal cancer. The UI2IT architectures were compared with classical histological image normalization techniques, revealing enhanced classifying performance when images were normalized using a UI2IT model as opposed to classic techniques.
The second study involved the development of a system that, starting from Periodic Acid-Schiff Whole Slide Images, segments glomeruli and classifies glomerular lesions according to the Oxford classification in patients with IgA nephropathy. Object detection architectures, particularly Mask R-CNN and Cascade Mask R-CNN, were employed for the segmentation module, while the classification part was achieved through convolutional neural networks. Additionally, the intraclass correlation coefficient was computed for glomerular lesion classification between annotations by an expert pathologist and the classification model results. For each lesion, at least one of the models surpassed the minimum ICC threshold as set by the Oxford classification. The developed tool has been made available on GitHub along with the trained models for use with other images.
The thesis's structure is as follows: Chapter 1 introduces the thesis's goals and contributions. Chapter 2 provides a comprehensive overview of the methodologies employed, delving into various ML and DL methodologies and defining Radiomics features. Chapter 3 details the thesis's contributions in Radiogenomics, specifically focusing on lung adenocarcinoma radiomic characterization and the prediction of EGFR and KRAS gene mutational status in lung adenocarcinoma. Chapter 4 outlines the contributions in Digital Pathology, encompassing the role of unpaired image-to-image translation stain color normalization in colorectal cancer histology classification, and the segmentation of glomeruli and Oxford classification of MESC lesions for IgA nephropathy. Lastly, Chapter 5 summarizes the work accomplished in this thesis and offers insights into potential future works
In ricordo della Professoressa Leda Matteuzzi Mazzoni
No full textIl contributo ripercorre dil percorso scientifico della Professoressa Leda Matteuzzi Mazzoni, professore ordinario di Economia Aziendale nell'Università di Bologna, scomparsa nell'anno 2003
Net collaborative learning: le potenzialità della rete nei corsi universitari
No full textDidattica Universitaria Online (DUO) è un progetto complesso e articolato che ha lo scopo di riportare lo stato dell’arte della didattica online nelle università italiane. È stato possibile realizzare questo prodotto grazie alla collaborazione tra due Associazioni di ricerca che rappresentano punti di riferimento importanti e complementari relativamente all’uso dell’E-learning e delle tecnologie nella formazione: il Collaborative Knowledge Building Group (C.K.B.G.) (www. ckbg.org) e la Società Italiana per l’Elearning (Sie-l) (www.sie-l.it). Infatti, i quattro curatori dell’opera hanno lavorato in rappresentanza delle due Associazioni: M. Beatrice Ligorio e Elvis Mazzoni per il C.K.B.G.; Aurelio Simone e Mirella Casini Schaerf per la Sie-l. La portata dell’opera è tale che è stata necessaria un’articolazione in tre Volumi: Volume I: Modelli e Teorie che si compone di 12 Capitoli; Volume II: Esperienze che contiene 16 Capitoli; Volume III: Strumenti e Problemi articolato in 5 Capitoli. Il contributo è parte del Capitolo 14
Dalla co-costruzione di conoscenza alla co-costruzione di un corso: una proposta di progettazione e gestione di un insegnamento blended sulle tecnologie per l’apprendimento
L'architettura dipinta da Agostino Tassi a Palazzo Lancellotti in Roma
No full textPalazzo Lancellotti in Rome is the work of Francesco Capriani and Carlo Maderno, who restored several old buildings, giving them aristocratic unity and dignity. In a room on the first floor, created by restructuring the pre-existing medieval fabric, is preserved an extraordinary fresco by Agostino Tassi, depicting a loggia over a portico, covered by elegant cross-vaults in the midst of a fertile and hazy Roman country side. The spectator always has the illusion of depth, from any position in the room. The authors decided to apply the reverse perspective procedure to represent the painted architecture as if it were real and study its relationship with the solid architectural contest. This, however, meant that first of all they had to decipher the painting’s latent geometric code, whence the need to determine the focal point and the vanishing points. It was therefore decided to make a study two of the frescoed walls by close-range photogrammetry, and to extend the images of the parallel symmetrical edges on the model by computer, in an attempt to identify their point of intersection. But, against all expectations, they discovered a whole series of possible focal points, and found themselves faced with the impossibility of obtaining a model by adopting familiar well-proven methods. They accepted the fact that the problem could not be solved and proceeded experimentally, ready to apply statistical methods if necessary. Before formulating a hypothesis, however, they asked themselves what might have been the most likely technique used in transferring the original drawing onto the walt. By examining the accessible part of the fresco under a close oblique light they established that Tassi had mainly resorted to the use of cartoons. It was therefore presumed that, given the dimensions of the larger wall, the original drawing was at least ten times smaller than life size and had been divided into a matrix of more than a hundred elements. This would explain two errors present from the outset: one was generated by changing from one scale to another, and the other when positioning the cartoon on the wall. This led to the formulation and study of five hypotheses, three of which yielded positive results and produced the following conclusions. The painting was definitely preceded by a careful project, which must have materialized in the form of a considerably large original drawing (possibly measuring 1.00 x 1,5 m); in this original drawing the artist respected Leonardo da Vinci's principle of linear perspective, adopting the same width for all the column shafts. It is likely that in the original sketch the apparent distortions were reduced by extending the observation point to the entire central part of the room. It can therefore reasonably be assumed that a certain number of vanishing points were used in the original drawing for the lines in perspective. The sketch was then enlarged (not all of it, however) in the production of a series of cartoons, limiting the operation to one or two overlapping orders, and then making use of the symmetrical elements. This would have produced the errors of transfer and positioning. At this point, the initial project of giving a spatial rendering to Agostino Tassi's architectural painting, was no ordinary affair, and not so much due to the technical difficulties of the enterprise but rather because it involved a philological problem. Indeed, we learn from geometry that no real space can ever be equivalent to simulated space, in the sense that simulated space can evoke shapes and emotions in a way that is unique. So what would be the point of reducing a daydream, perpetuated over the centuries in the art of a dreamer, to an architectural project
Continuous or not continuous: insights into some temporal features of the female signals of Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (Halyomorpha halys) to improve attraction towards males.
No full textThe Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (BMSB), Halyomorpha halys (Stål, 1855), is an alien insect
belonging to the family Pentatomidae (Hemiptera), and a native of south-east Asia that was
recently introduced into Italy. The control of this pest requires the massive use of insecticides,
which however are not effective or sustainable. In this way, the adoption of IPM solutions by
using a multi-strategy approach (e.g. aggregation pheromone lures, parasitoids, etc) could be
an important alternative. Recent experiments have shown that BMSB communicates using
vibrational signals and that males are attracted by a female song. The aim of our experiment
was to select between two different song playback types (continuous and discontinuous) to find
the more effective method to attracting the males.
A laser vibrometer was used to monitor the playback signals emitted by a mini-shaker from
the surface of a bean plant leaf. The playbacks consisted of a pre-recorded female signal that
was transmitted either continuously or with regular silent pauses (4s of song + 6s of silence) in
trials of 5 min. Males (n = 30) were given 5 min to reach the tip of the mini-shaker on a bean
plant.
Our results indicated that, when stimulated with continuous signal, 13 males reached the
target, while 25 males showed the typical searching behaviour (“run-listen-run”). The
discontinuous signal proved to be significantly less efficient in attracting males: only 6 males
reached the target and only 12 showed the “run-listen-run” behavior. We concluded that the
use of a continuous playback signal looks more promising for the implementation of BMSB
traps
Fence technique for localized three-dimensional bone augmentation: a technical description and case reports.
No full textThis study presents a novel bone reconstructive technique based on guided bone regeneration for localized three-dimensional hard tissue augmentation. This two-stage technique utilized a titanium osteosynthesis plate and a collagen membrane to form a physical barrier resembling a fence that contains bone graft biomaterial composed of a combination of deproteinized bovine bone matrix and autologous bone grafted from intraoral sites. Six patients were treated. At 6 months postsurgery, an increase in bone volume of 953 mm3 was shown. Mean maximum linear augmentation in the vertical direction was 6.75 mm. Histologic analysis of the regenerated area revealed the presence of compact newly formed bone with no sign of inflammation. A total of 13 implants were placed. Peri-implant marginal bone level was 0.94 mm at implant placement and 1.30 mm after 6 months. The patients were satisfied with the procedure and no complications were observed
Angiolo Mazzoni in Colombia: un patrimonio di immagini architettura di immagini | immagini di architettura
No full textThe history - personal and professional - of the architect Angiolo Mazzoni, known for his
public railway and postal buildings scattered throughout Italy, often forgets to tell the fi fteen
years he spent in Colombia, thus failing to attribute due value to a work that - although largely unrealised - contributes to reconstructing the multifaceted image of an important 20th-century fi gure such as Mazzoni. The research intends to bring out the signifi cance of the Italian architect’s Colombian work, also by restoring the right value to the architecture represented by Mazzoni, recognising the value of theoretical drawing, the site of an important experimentalism on form (Purini, 2017) to the rich graphic corpus stored at the Fondo Angiolo Mazzoni at MART in Rovereto . The analysis of the Fondo Mazzoni, together with that of the Fondo Ministerio de Obras Públicas at the Archivo General de la Nación in Bogotá, has made it possible to reconstruct a geography of Mazzoni’s Colombian projects: of the 95 projects catalogued, only fi ve have been built and two have just begun, providing the image of what we might call a represented architecture, an expression of ideas, mental images, forms and ways of composing interiors. Zuccari speaks of internal drawing, meaning the idea, the image in its being a mental representation, and of external drawing, meaning the form; Mazzoni - like every architect - used drawing as an instrument of the imagination, giving the elaborate perspectives he drew up the task of expressing in their materiality the prefi guration of an architectural space that had reached the culmination of an important mental process of elaboration of the idea, which for the most part remained on paper
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