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    Clinical evidence on the efficacy and tolerability of a topical medical device containing benzoylperoxide 4%, retinol 0.5%, mandelic acid 1% and lactobionic acid 1% in the treatment of mild facial acne: an open label pilot study

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    Virginia Garofalo, Maria Vittoria Cannizzaro, Sara Mazzilli, Luca Bianchi, Elena CampioneDivision of Dermatology, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, ItalyBackground: Acne is a debilitating disorder that requires proper treatment depending on the clinical manifestations and pathogenetic factors, among which hyper-keratinization, seborrhea and bacterial proliferation. Combining active ingredients targeting the different mediators of acne pathogenesis may yield optimal outcomes.Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical effectiveness, safety and tolerability of a new topical medical device in cream containing benzoylperoxide 4%, pure retinol 0.05%, palmitate retinol 0.5%, mandelic acid 1% and glycyrrhetic acid on patients with mild acne.Patients and methods: Twenty consecutive patients of both sexes with mild acne were included in the study. The topical treatment was self-applied twice a day for 12 weeks. Evaluations included: Global Acne Grading System (GAGS); inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesions count; reflectance confocal microscopy; seborrhea and hydration degree; photographic documentation; a questionnaire to assess tolerability.Results: The GAGS score showed a 39% reduction from T0 to T1 and 69.20% from T0 to T2. The count of comedonic lesions showed a 44% reduction from T0 to T1 and 65% from T0 to T2. The count of papular lesions diminished by 49.4% from T0 to T1 and by 62% from T0 to T2. The count of pustular lesions decreased by 43% from T0 to T1 and by 80% from T0 to T2. Improvement of hydration and a decrease of seborrhea degree were even observed. These clinical results were confirmed by reflectance confocal microscopy exam.Conclusion: The topical medical device has shown to be clinically effective and well tolerated for the treatment of mild acne. Side effects were mild, transient and well tolerated. The results of our study demonstrated a high tolerability of this new combination of benzoylperoxide 4% and retinol. Furthermore, our results suggested that the studied compound could be considered as a “maintenance treatment” after specific pharmacological treatment, even in more severe types of acne.Keywords: acne vulgaris, therapeutics, benzoyl peroxide, alpha hydroxide acid, vitamin

    Architettura, spazi, funzioni: nuove osservazioni sulla basilica paleocristiana nell'area del porto orientale di Efestia

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    Presso la basilica del porto orientale di Efestia, la scoperta – nel corso dell’ultima campagna di scavo – di un atrio con triportico e l’esistenza di ambienti annessi hanno consentito di stabilire precisi confronti con analoghe soluzioni planimetriche, specie in area traco-macedone. Caratteristiche condivise lasciano propendere per l’identificazione, a N dell’atrio, di ambienti con funzioni di sagrestia e, plausibilmente, di un diakonikon. A S, invece, la presenza di un possibile vano scala, unita ai dati forniti da ulteriori frammenti architettonici, conferma l’ipotesi di un elevato a doppio ordine, cui forse si fece ricorso anche per il triportico.During the last excavation season at Hephaestia, a three-porched atrium as well as connected rooms have been unearthed by the East Harbor Basilica. Strong analogies with similar plan typologies, especially in buildings located in the Thraco-Macedonian area, have been thus resulting. Shared typological features allow the rooms North of the atrium and the narthex to be identified as a whole as a sacristy and, reasonably, as a diakonikon. On the other hand, a possible staircase to the South of the atrium along with data provided by newly found architectural elements strengthen the already hypothesized two-storeyed elevation of the building and, probably, of the atrium porticoes, too
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