196,920 research outputs found
On Black-Box Meta Complexity and Function Inversion
No full textThe relationships between various meta-complexity problems are not well understood in the worst-case regime, including whether the search version is harder than the decision version, whether the hardness scales with the "threshold", and how the hardness of different meta-complexity problems relate to one another, and to the task of function inversion.
In this work, we present resolutions to some of these questions with respect to the black-box analog of these problems. In more detail, let MK^t_M P[s] denote the language consisting of strings x with K_{M}^t(x) < s(|x|), where K_M^t(x) denotes the t-bounded Kolmogorov complexity of x with M as the underlying (Universal) Turing machine, and let search-MK^t_M P[s] denote the search version of the same problem.
We show that if for every Universal Turing machine U there exists a 2^{α n}poly(n)-size U-oracle aided circuit deciding MK^t_U P[n-O(1)], then for every function s, and every not necessarily universal Turing machine M, there exists a 2^{α s(n)}poly(n)-size M-oracle aided circuit solving search-MK^t_M P[s(n)]; this in turn yields circuits of roughly the same size for both the Minimum Circuit Size Problem (MCSP), and the function inversion problem, as they can be thought of as instantiating MK^t_M P with particular choices of (a non-universal) TMs M (the circuit emulator for the case of MCSP, and the function evaluation in the case of function inversion).
As a corollary of independent interest, we get that the complexity of black-box function inversion is (roughly) the same as the complexity of black-box deciding MK^t_U P[n-O(1)] for any universal TM U; that is, also in the worst-case regime, black-box function inversion is "equivalent" to black-box deciding MK^t_U P
Placental vascular pathology and increased thrombin generation as mechanisms of disease in obstetrical syndromes.
No full textAbstract
Obstetrical complications including preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, preterm labor, preterm prelabor rupture of membranes and fetal demise are all the clinical endpoint of several underlying mechanisms (i.e., infection, inflammation, thrombosis, endocrine disorder, immunologic rejection, genetic, and environmental), therefore, they may be regarded as syndromes. Placental vascular pathology and increased thrombin generation were reported in all of these obstetrical syndromes. Moreover, elevated concentrations of thrombin-anti thrombin III complexes and changes in the coagulation as well as anticoagulation factors can be detected in the maternal circulation prior to the clinical development of the disease in some of these syndromes. In this review, we will assess the changes in the hemostatic systemduring normal and complicated pregnancy in maternal blood, maternal-fetal interface and amniotic fluid, and describe the contribution of thrombosis and vascular pathology to the development of the great obstetrical syndromes. © 2014 Mastrolia et al
Supplemental Material - Differences in Hospital, Emergency Room and Outpatient Visits Among Adults With and Without Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance
No full textSupplemental Material for Differences in Hospital, Emergency Room and Outpatient Visits Among Adults With and Without Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance by Maira A. Castañeda-Avila, PhD, Kate L. Lapane, PhD, Sharina Person, PhD, Bill Jesdale, PhD, Yanhua Zhou, MS, Kathleen M. Mazor, EdD, and Mara M. Epstein, ScD in Cancer Control</p
Supplementary_Material – Supplemental material for Anorectal biofeedback: an effective therapy, but can we shorten the course to improve access to treatment?
No full textSupplemental material, Supplementary_Material for Anorectal biofeedback: an effective therapy, but can we shorten the course to improve access to treatment? by Yoav Mazor, John E. Kellow, Gillian M. Prott, Michael P. Jones and Allison Malcolm in Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology</p
MPX878088 Supplemental Material2 - Supplemental material for Signaling pathways and gene co-expression modules associated with cytoskeleton and axon morphology in breast cancer survivors with chronic paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy
No full textSupplemental material, MPX878088 Supplemental Material2 for Signaling pathways and gene co-expression modules associated with cytoskeleton and axon morphology in breast cancer survivors with chronic paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy by Kord M Kober, Mark Schumacher, Yvette P Conley, Kimberly Topp, Melissa Mazor, Marilynn J Hammer, Steven M Paul, Jon D Levine and Christine Miaskowski in Molecular Pain</p
sj-docx-1-phr-10.1177_00333549231176006 – Supplemental material for From COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy to Vaccine Acceptance: Results of a Longitudinal Survey
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-phr-10.1177_00333549231176006 for From COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy to Vaccine Acceptance: Results of a Longitudinal Survey by Kimberly A. Fisher, Ngoc Nguyen, Hassan Fouayzi, Sybil Crawford, Sonal Singh, May Dong, Ruth Wittenberg and Kathleen M. Mazor in Public Health Reports</p
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