1,720,984 research outputs found
Biomechanical analysis of posterior lumbar interbody aages
No full textA popular yet effective surgical treatment used in medical field to treat degenerative disc disease related to low back pain is known as the lumbar interbody fusion procedure. One of the main aims of posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF), using cages or bone grafts are to provide stability during body movements and mechanical support between two vertebrae, maintain disc height and to help out with the fusion process. This procedure restores disc height, enlarges the stenotic foramen, stabilises the spine, and provides mechanical strength between vertebrae
Modelling and simulation of magnetic induction in magnetic particle imaging system
No full textIn the last century, tomographic imaging has become an essential tool for disease diagnosis. There are several dominant tomographic imaging methods used for medical application such as computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)
Influences of InGaN quantum well thickness on the internal quantum efficiency for GaN LED visible Light communication
No full textNowadays, semiconductor lighting industry has been developed rapidly throughout the world. Light emitting diodes (LEDs) are known as a compound semiconductor device that can emit visible light when there is an electron current passed through it. In recent years, the group III – nitride semiconductor compounds with gallium (Ga) have developed as the leading materials for manufacturing energy-efficient LED [1]. The reason of GaN becoming the trend is due to the excellent optical properties and it is able to emit a wide range of wavelengths in the visible spectrum at the efficiency which greater than traditional lighting technologies [2]. The group III – nitride semiconductor compounds are typically grown with wurtzite crystal structure which consists of a large band gap around 1.0 eV to 6.0 eV
Low power CMOS iImage sensor for face recognition
No full textImaging system is suitable for different purposes, depending upon their final application. Digital cameras, camcorders, webcams, security cameras or infrared (IR) cameras are well-known imaging systems. For complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) image sensors, its performance is more promising compared to charged coupled device (CCD) due to its low power consumption, low cost, and on chip functionality and compatibility with standard CMOS technology [1]. In face recognition mode, three dimensional cameras replaced two-dimensional images to measure the object size, distance and shape with time-of-flight (TOF) cameras. Depth information can be extracted to be compared with database [2]. Therefore, CMOS image sensor with its architecture on pixel array, signal processors, row and column selector and timing control [3] will be the main key
Implementation and self-checking of different adder circuits
No full textThe function of addition in arithmetic unit that can be used in complement operations, encoding and decoding [1]. It can be implemented in different arrangement or using different basic logic gates with different bits and become different type of adders. Basically, all types of the complex adder circuits are made up from the simple adder circuits (or called basic building blocks of adder) like half adder and full adder
Sleep apnea detection with SMS notification
No full textSleeping is a process in which the body and mind is in recurring state. Sleeping is not only affecting human health but also can affect body mass index (BMI) and metabolic regulation of a person [1]. Sleep occurs in repeating periods, in which the body alternates between two distinct modes, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and non-REM sleep [2]. During sleep, most of the body’s systems are in an anabolic state, which help to restore the immune, nervous, skeletal and muscular systems [3]. Human may suffer from various sleep disorders such as insomnia, hypersomnia and sleep apnea
Labview-based FPGA implementation of sensor data acquisition for human body motion measurement
No full textMeasuring body motion is crucial to identify any abnormal neuromuscular control, biomechanical disorders and injury prevention in various applications such as rehabilitation [1], [2], sport science [3],[4], surveillance [5], and virtual reality [6]. The measurement can be performed by using vision-based [7]-[9] and non-vision-based [10]-[12] systems. The vision-based systems use optical sensors, such as cameras, to track human movements. Whilst the non-vision-based systems employ sensor technology, such as magnetic, and inertial, attached to the human body to collect human movement information. The vision-based systems offer a more accurate system, however, in this work, the non-vision-based systems are employed as it offers portability as one of the advantages
Development of Smart Sajadah system
No full textSolat is the central element of muslim’s worship. It is one of the five pillars of Islamic faith and an obligatory religious duty for every muslim. The purpose to perform solat is for the muslim to communicate with the ALLAH S.W.T. Next, it is also the action for the muslim to show their appreciated to their God for God’s blessing and submission to God. Muslim need to carry out solat five prescribed times in one day without failure. Each prescribed time has different times of rakaah. Rakaah is a sequence of several routine that needs to be completed [1]. The rakaah is started with stand, then ruku and then followed by sudjood and lastly is sit between two sudjood
Development of a twin-head infusion pump for micromixing
No full textMixing is a crucial process in most of the industrial technology such as the operation of chemicals and fermentation reactors, combustion engines, polymer blends, and pharmaceutical formulations [1]. For handling a smaller volume of liquid, micromixing is a suitable method that can be applied. Micromixing (micromixer) is one of the microfluidic functions for mixing and blending liquids as precursors for biological process such as cell activation, enzyme reaction, and drug delivery system [2, 3]. There are several advantages of applying microfluidic device (micromixer) in the chemical technological processes such as processing accuracy, efficiency, minimum usage of reagents and ease of disposing of devices and fluids [3]. Basically, micromixers are categorised into passive and active micromixers. Passive micromixer consists of no moving parts and free from additional friction. It does not use external forces, fully dependent on molecular diffusion and chaotic advection for mixing process [4]. In contrast to active micromixers, external forces are applicable to active micromixers by implementing moving elements either within the microchannels, a time-variant, or a pressure field [5]. To create the pressure field differences for moving the liquid within the micromixer, an infusion pump is usually applied
In silico simulation of blood glucose-insulin dynamics using MATLAB-Simulink
No full textDiabetes mellitus (DM) is a major public health concern in Malaysia and it continuously increases over years. Based on International Diabetes Federation, there are rising numbers of people having diabetes with 3.6 million people in Malaysia and 463 million people in the world [1]. The National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2019 has shown that the diabetes in Malaysia has increased from 13.4% in 2015 to 18.3% in 2019 [2]. This can significantly increase the cost in diabetes treatment and management
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