524 research outputs found
The Metabolic Impact of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease on Cognitive Dysfunction: A Comprehensive Clinical and Pathophysiological Review
No full textNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) exponentially affects the global healthcare burden, and it is currently gaining increasing interest in relation to its potential impact on central nervous system (CNS) diseases, especially concerning cognitive deterioration and dementias. Overall, scientific research nowadays extends to different levels, exploring NAFLD’s putative proinflammatory mechanism of such dysmetabolic conditions, spreading out from the liver to a multisystemic involvement. The aim of this review is to analyze the most recent scientific literature on cognitive involvement in NAFLD, as well as understand its underlying potential background processes, i.e., neuroinflammation, the role of microbiota in the brain–liver–gut axis, hyperammonemia neurotoxicity, insulin resistance, free fatty acids, and vitamins
Bone augmentation at implant dehiscences and fenestrations. A systematic review of randomised controlled trials
No full textPurpose: To evaluate the efficacy of the bone augmentation procedure at dehiscence or fenestration defects in one-stage implant insertion and to evaluate which is the most effective procedure. Materials and methods: A systematic review of articles selected from MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and Google Scholar was performed. Additional studies handsearched and found in printed versions of the principal dental implant journals were included. Only randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were included. Outcome variables considered were implant failure, complications, aesthetic and functional satisfaction, complete fill of the defect, clinical and radiological bone level variation, and vestibular peri-implant recession. Independent data extraction by two authors using predefined data fields, including study quality indicators, was completed. All pooled analyses were based on random effects models. Results: A total of 65 full-text articles were examined in detail. Forty-six of the 65 articles did not meet the inclusion criteria. Nineteen articles involving 15 trials were identified for inclusion in the review. Only one study was considered to be at a low risk of bias. The included studies involved 396 patients and 535 implants. Comparing the test group using membranes with the control without membranes, a statistically significant difference was obtained for vertical variation of the peri-implant defect; the difference was 1.64 mm (three RCTs, 95% CI from 0.47 to 2.80 mm; P = 0.006, I2= 0%) favouring the use of a membrane. Non-resorbable polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) membranes obtained a complete clinical fill of defects more frequently than resorbable polylactide/polyglycolide (PLGA) membranes. The odds ratio was 0.15 (two RCTs, 95% CI from 0.04 to 0.64 mm; P = 0.01, I2= 0%), favouring the use of ePTFE membranes. No differences were observed comparing nonresorbable ePTFE membranes and resorbable collagen membranes. The comparison between crosslinked membranes and collagen native membranes yielded a very high heterogeneity for vertical variation of the peri-implant defect (two RCTs, I2= 91%, P = 0.001). Dehiscence complications were more frequent using cross-linked membranes but the odds ratio was not significant (three RCTs, odds ratio 0.44, 95% CI from 0.18 to 1.10; P = 0.08, I2= 4%). Conclusions: Overall, the evidence is not sufficiently robust to determine if any treatment is needed and which is the best treatment for dehiscence or fenestration defects at one-stage implant placement. Only 15 trials were included and the majority are of limited sample size, have short follow-ups as well as having a high risk of bias. The use of a membrane can contribute to the regeneration of the hard tissue in horizontal one-stage augmentation. The complete fill of the defect was obtained more frequently when a non-resorbable ePTFE membrane was used compared to a resorbable PLGA membrane. No differences were observed comparing non-resorbable ePTFE membranes and resorbable collagen membranes. No substantial differences were obtained using different non-resorbable membranes and grafts, and the results were positive for the variables examined. A high result of heterogeneity was observed in studies dealing with cross-linked membranes.Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of the bone augmentation procedure at dehiscence or fenestration defects in one-stage implant insertion and to evaluate which is the most effective procedure. Materials and methods: A systematic review of articles selected from MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and Google Scholar was performed. Additional studies handsearched and found in printed versions of the principal dental implant journals were included. Only randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were included. Outcome variables considered were implant failure, complications, aesthetic and functional satisfaction, complete fill of the defect, clinical and radiological bone level variation, and vestibular peri-implant recession. Independent data extraction by two authors using predefined data fields, including study quality indicators, was completed. All pooled analyses were based on random effects models. Results: A total of 65 full-text articles were examined in detail. Forty-six of the 65 articles did not meet the inclusion criteria. Nineteen articles involving 15 trials were identified for inclusion in the review. Only one study was considered to be at a low risk of bias. The included studies involved 396 patients and 535 implants. Comparing the test group using membranes with the control without membranes, a statistically significant difference was obtained for vertical variation of the peri-implant defect; the difference was 1.64 mm (three RCTs, 95% CI from 0.47 to 2.80 mm; P = 0.006, I2= 0%) favouring the use of a membrane. Non-resorbable polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) membranes obtained a complete clinical fill of defects more frequently than resorbable polylactide/polyglycolide (PLGA) membranes. The odds ratio was 0.15 (two RCTs, 95% CI from 0.04 to 0.64 mm; P = 0.01, I2= 0%), favouring the use of ePTFE membranes. No differences were observed comparing nonresorbable ePTFE membranes and resorbable collagen membranes. The comparison between crosslinked membranes and collagen native membranes yielded a very high heterogeneity for vertical variation of the peri-implant defect (two RCTs, I2= 91%, P = 0.001). Dehiscence complications were more frequent using cross-linked membranes but the odds ratio was not significant (three RCTs, odds ratio 0.44, 95% CI from 0.18 to 1.10; P = 0.08, I2= 4%). Conclusions: Overall, the evidence is not sufficiently robust to determine if any treatment is needed and which is the best treatment for dehiscence or fenestration defects at one-stage implant placement. Only 15 trials were included and the majority are of limited sample size, have short follow-ups as well as having a high risk of bias. The use of a membrane can contribute to the regeneration of the hard tissue in horizontal one-stage augmentation. The complete fill of the defect was obtained more frequently when a non-resorbable ePTFE membrane was used compared to a resorbable PLGA membrane. No differences were observed comparing non-resorbable ePTFE membranes and resorbable collagen membranes. No substantial differences were obtained using different non-resorbable membranes and grafts, and the results were positive for the variables examined. A high result of heterogeneity was observed in studies dealing with cross-linked membranes
Masticatory Function in Stage IV Periodontitis Patients Treated with Fixed Prosthetic Rehabilitations: A Case Series
No full textThe present study assessed the impact of a fixed prosthetic rehabilitation on masticatory function in patients diagnosed with stage IV periodontitis. Eligible participants were adults in need of complex rehabilitation due to masticatory dysfunction. Masticatory function was evaluated using the two-colored chewing gum mixing ability test (VOH) at the diagnostic phase (T0), 1 week after delivery of the prosthetic prototype (T1), and 1 week after delivery of the final prosthetic solution (T2). Ten subjects were treated with a fixed prosthesis following periodontal and implant surgery using an individualized, fully digital workflow. Full-mouth plaque and bleeding scores, pocket depth, and clinical attachment level improved significantly. VOH was 0.472 ± 0.168 at T0, 0.358 ± 0.166 at T1, and 0.250 ± 0.123 at T2. A significant improvement in VOH was observed from T0 to T1 (difference: –0.114; 95% CI: –0.199 to –0.029; P = .014) and from T1 to T2 (difference: –0.108; 95% CI: –0.200 to –0.015; P = .027). From T0 to T2, VOH increased by 44.3%. Self-perceived assessment of masticatory function also improved from T0 to T2 (P = .002). The fixed prosthetic rehabilitation in patients with stage IV periodontitis allowed for a significant improvement in objective and subjective measurements of masticatory function. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 2024;44:103–113
The Multilayer GBR Technique: An Alternative Approach for One-Stage Transmucosal Implant Placement in the Presence of Horizontal Defects. A Case Series
No full textThis study presents a one-stage technique for horizontal guided bone regeneration and transmucosal implant placement in the presence of hard and soft tissue defects. The proposed technique uses autologous bone particles, deproteinized bovine bone matrix, collagen membranes, and concentrated growth factor membranes to create a multilayer barrier and enhance tissue regeneration. Four patients were treated with a total of seven implants. Digital analyses of intraoral scan data taken at baseline and at 6 months postsurgery showed a mean increase in tissue volume of 157.4 mm(3). The patient satisfaction was high, and no complications were observed
Ab initio quantum-mechanical simulation of the adsorption process of Ti, Ca, Na by a corundum crystal: inferences on defects of industrial glass
No full textLong-term trends of heron and egret populations in Italy, and the effects of climate, human-induced mortality, and habitat on population dynamics
No full textNota sul Silio 'politico' negli epigrammi di Marziale
No full textIn Martial’s epigrams Silius Italicus is portrayed as a man of learning, author of the Punica and admirer of Vergil’s works, but also as a public figure and a former consul of Rome. My paper focuses on the epigrams devoted to the ‘political’ Silius, and suggests to relate them mainly to a certain stage in Silius Italicus’ life and to a specific communication strateg
La lima e il testo da Ovidio a Marziale: poetica e comunicazione
No full textIn the poetic texts from the Imperial age (from exiled Ovid to Martial and Statius) the metaphor of poetic lima undergoes
a deep transformation: the lima is no longer in the hands of the poet, who polishes his verses for years and years, but
(often) in those of a cultivated patron, requested by the author to correct the book before publication.
In the Flavian age the lima is then placed within the complex communication system of literary patronage, where it
becomes an element of homage and compliment. However, the metaphor never loses its original poetological meaning:
both Martial and Statius use it differently, in relation to themselves and in relation to intellectual patrons, thus subtly
reaffirming their own different and higher commitment to literature
Un'idea di Marziale : a proposito di un recente commento al V libro degli epigrammi
No full textThe article discusses some aspects of the fifth book of Martial's epigrams, starting from the new commentary by A Canobbio (Naples 2011). The structure of the book's prefatory section (epigr. 1-20) is particularly interesting because it creates a complex strategy of communication to the audience princepy, patrons, anonymous lector) and of self-fashioning of the author. The intertextual relationship with poetic authorities of the Augustan age, especially Horace and Ovid, is strongly present here while in the corpus of the book the dialogue with Catullus and the theater of Plautus becomes more evident - As Canobbio shows in relation to the 'cycle' of the subsellia. The fifth book proves to be a complex poetic text which enacts a multi-level dialogue with the Roman public and with the Latin literary tradition
La lima e il testo da Ovidio a Marziale : poetica e comunicazione
No full textIn the poetic texts from the Imperial age (from exiled Ovid to Martial and Statius) the metaphor of poetic lima undergoes
a deep transformation: the lima is no longer in the hands of the poet, who polishes his verses for years and years, but
(often) in those of a cultivated patron, requested by the author to correct the book before publication.
In the Flavian age the lima is then placed within the complex communication system of literary patronage, where it
becomes an element of homage and compliment. However, the metaphor never loses its original poetological meaning:
both Martial and Statius use it differently, in relation to themselves and in relation to intellectual patrons, thus subtly
reaffirming their own different and higher commitment to literature
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