1,721,001 research outputs found
Media and fake news: An analysis of citizens’ attitudes toward misinformation in European countries
No full textThe present work aims at analysing the attitude of European citizens toward fake news and disinformation. After briefly discussing the growing literature on fake news and disinformation, by virtue of the availability of micro-data from the Flash Eurobarometer survey on “Fake news and disinformation online” (European Commission, 2018), a segmentation of users is proposed according to their attitude towards different types of media. Secondly, clusters are characterized both in terms of socio-demographic characteristics and in relation to users’ behaviour and opinions regarding misinformation. In consideration of the social and political relevance of misinformation, potential strategies to face with fake news and online misinformation are discussed
GPS data on tourists: a spatial analysis on road networks
Full text linkThis paper proposes a spatial point process model on a linear network to analyse cruise passengers' stop activities. It identifies and models tourists' stop intensity at the destination as a function of their main determinants.
For this purpose, we consider data collected on cruise passengers through the integration of traditional questionnaire-based survey methods and GPS tracking data in two cities, namely Palermo (Italy) and Dubrovnik (Croatia). Firstly, the density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise algorithm is applied to identify stop locations from GPS tracking data.
The influence of individual-related variables and itinerary-related characteristics are considered within a framework of a Gibbs point process model. The proposed model describes spatial stop intensity at the destination, accounting for the geometry of the underlying road network, individual-related variables, contextual-level information, and the spatial interaction among stop points. The analysis succeeds in quantifying the influence of both individual-related variables and trip-related characteristics on stop intensity. An interaction parameter allows for measuring the degree of dependence among cruise passengers in stop location decisions
A comparison between seasonality indices deployed in evaluating unimodal and bimodal patterns
No full textThis paper will discuss a recently proposed index for measuring seasonality, which is based on the solution of the well-known transportation problem . A specific characterization of the cost matrix will permit the taking into account of the cyclical structure of time periods, which characterizes the phenomenon under observation. Various features of the proposed index will be evaluated by comparing it with other indices which are commonly used in the measurement of seasonality, such as the Gini concentration index. Given the wide range of disciplines with an interest in the analysis of seasonal phenom ena, the approach proposed m ay be of wide interest
Identification of points of attraction and network analysis for GPS tracking data
No full textGlobal positional system data provide accurate information on units’ movements from both the temporal and the spatial perspective. Several aspects of these movements can be analyzed according to the aim of interest. In this study, we focus on statistical methods for the identification of points of interest and for the analysis of the network of movements for GPS data. A density-based cluster algorithm is applied to summarize the vast amount of information and to find the most relevant points of attraction. A directed network synthesizes the individual unit’s path by using the latter information. Finally, we aggregate the units’ paths in a weighted directed network which is studied through network analysis. The proposed approach is applied to two case studies related to cruise passengers’ movements in urban contexts
Monitoring event attendance using a combination of traditional and advanced surveying tools
No full textThis paper will describe the research stages and tools used for monitoring participants’ attendance at the European Researchers’ Night, held in Palermo in September 2017. A combination of traditional survey instruments and new technologies was effected in order to analyse participants’ behaviour during the event. The results derived from these different data sources were also integrated and analysed in order to evaluate the success of the event from social and economic points of view. Data relating to participants’ mobility during the event will be described
and clusters of participants proposed, based on their mobility behaviour
Individual and contextual determinants of inter-regional mobility in cancer patients
Full text linkThis paper will present an investigation of inter-regional mobility in patients with a diagnosis of cancer. By virtue of the availability of geocoded information relating to a patient's place of residence, the effect of socio-economic status and other individual characteristics regarding inter-regional mobility will be analysed by means of multilevel logit models. The results demonstrate the influence of age and comorbidity on mobility propensity, in addition to the treatment type, which plays a role in patient mobility. As contextual determinants, patients residing in less deprived areas show greater mobility than those who reside in materially deprived areas. The extent of patient mobility, and its dependence on their socio-economic status raises issues of equity, as well as regional policy considerations
Density-based Algorithm and Network Analysis for GPS Data
No full textLa diffusione dei sistemi di localizzazione GPS offre numerose opportunita per la raccolta di dati di movimento. I dati GPS presentano diversi elementi di complessita derivanti anche dall’elevato dettaglio temporale e territoriale. Numerosi sono gli aspetti che possono essere presi in esame per tale tipologia di dati. Il presente studio propone un approccio statistico basato sull’identificazione dei punti di attrazione e sullo studio dei network. In particolare, viene proposto un algoritmo di identificazione di cluster, sulla base della densita di punti, che vengono sintetizzati in un network che riassume il comportamento individuale. In un secondo step, i movimenti complessivi sono aggregati ed analizzati tramite la network analysis. L’approccio proposto e applicato allo studio dei movimenti di croceristi in contesti `
urbani.The use of advanced global positional system (GPS) trackers has emerged as a novel technology in data collection of units movements. GPS data contain a
large amount of information since the signals of the units are recorded almost in real time. The analysis of GPS data can be carried on several aspects of the spatial movements. In this study, we focus on statistical methods for the identification of points of interests and the analysis of the network of movements for GPS data.
In particular, a density cluster-based algorithm is applied to summarize the vast amount of information and to find the most relevant points of attractions. A directed
network synthesizes the individual unit path by using the latter information. Finally, we aggregate the unit paths in a weighted directed network which is studied through
network analysis. We apply the proposed approach to a case study on cruise passengers’ movements in an urban context
Spatio-Temporal Linear Network Point Processes for GPS Data Analysis
Full text linkThis work aims at analyzing the spatio-temporal intensity in the distribution of stop locations of cruise passengers during their visit at the destination. Data are collected through the integration of GPS tracking technology and questionnaire-based survey on a sample of cruise passengers visiting the city of Palermo (Italy), and they are used to identify the main determinants which characterize cruise passengers’ stop locations pattern.
The spatio-temporal distribution of visitors' stops is analysed by mean of the theory of stochastic point processes occurring on linear networks, in order to consider the street configuration of the city and the location of the main attractions. First, an inhomogeneous Poisson point process model is proposed, with a separable parametric spatio-temporal first-order intensity. The spatial interaction among stop points on the given network is considered, by fitting a Gibbs point process model with mixed effects for the purely spatial component. This allows to study first-order and second-order properties of the point pattern, accounting both for the spatio-temporal clustering and interaction, and for the spatio-temporal scale at which they operate. Secondly, due to the strong degree of clustering in the data, a more complex model is proposed, by fitting a spatio-temporal Log-Gaussian Cox Process to the point process on the linear network, addressing the problem of the choice of the most appropriate distance metric.
The proposed methodology allows considering the linear network determined by the street configuration of the destination under analysis, as well as the temporal component. The results show an influence of the distance from the main attractions, and potential interactions among cruise passengers in stop configuration. The proposed approach represents both improvements from the methodological perspective, related to the modelling of spatio-temporal point process on a linear network, and from the applied perspective, given that a better knowledge of the determinants of spatial intensity of visitors’ stop locations in urban contexts may orient destination management policy
The measurement of seasonality for tourism evaluation
No full textSeasonal variations in tourism demand represent one of the most challenging topics in tourism research. After highlighting the main pitfalls which
characterize the majority of currently used indices for seasonal amplitude, the present work propose the implementation of a recently discusses a recently proposed
index for the measurement of seasonality in tourism, based on the transportation problem approach. An adequate measurement of seasonality is a pre-requisite for the
evaluation of the effectiveness of tourism policies aimed at reducing tourism demand imbalance
Measuring tourism from demand side
No full textThis Paper proposes an analysis of tourism from the demand side, taking into account for both the total level of tourism demand produced by some European
countries (domestic and outgoing) and its general tendency, and for the seasonal fluctuations which characterize many tourism-related aggregates. Tourist flows from
the demand side at the European level are analyzed in the last decade, and a special focus on Italian tourism demand is provided, jointly with an analysis of its seasonal
fluctuations. The analysis of general tendency of tourism demand and of the impacts of seasonality is a fundamental pre-requisite for the implementation of tourism policies
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