1,721,023 research outputs found
The emerging role of the neuroimmune cytokine interleukin-31 in chronic inflammatory skin diseases
No full textChronic inflammatory skin diseases pose significant challenges for both patients and clinicians worldwide. Atopic dermatitis (AD), the most common of these diseases, affects up to 8% of the adult population depending on geographic location and demographic group, while prurigo nodularis (PN) is a less common disease that causes significant burden. In these inflammatory skin conditions, pruritus is a cardinal symptom. Interleukin 31 (IL-31), described as a neuroimmune modulator, has been shown to have a prominent role in both inflammation and itch. IL-31 acts through a receptor complex consisting of IL-31 receptor α (IL-31RA) and oncostatin M receptor β (OSMRβ). IL-31 is produced by a variety of cells, including type 2 helper T cells, and IL-31 signaling can activate three important pathways: JAK/STAT, P13K/AKT, and ERK/MAPK. IL-31 is elevated in AD and PN, and is thought to induce chemokine genes CCL1, CCL17, and CCL22. The chemokines recruit T cells to affected skin, where more IL-31 is secreted. The IL-31 receptor complex is also abundant in dorsal root ganglia in human tissue, home of primary sensory neurons and the distal source of "itch sensations." IL-31 and its receptor complex have an important role in chronic inflammatory diseases, including AD and PN, and blocking the IL-31/IL-31RA signaling may represent an important new therapeutic approach for these diseases, which continue to have significant unmet medical needs
Idiopathic lichenoid and granulomatous dermatitis
No full textIdiopathic lichenoid and granulomatous dermatiti
A case of genital primary syphilis with superimposed impetigo
No full textA case of genital primary syphilis with superimposed impetig
Clinical and immunological profile of patients with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor-associated bullous pemphigoid
No full textBACKGROUND: Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an autoimmune blistering disease caused by antibodies against the hemidesmosomal BP180 and/or BP230 proteins. There is an increasing evidence that the use of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, also known as gliptins, increases the risk for BP. The gliptins more frequently associated with BP are vildagliptin and sitagliptin. Clinical, immunological and pathological features of gliptin-associated BP have been reported to be distinct, compared to classic BP.METHODS: In this study, 15 gliptin-associated BP (g-BP) cases have been compared with 16 consecutive idiopathic BP (i-BP) to clarify whether g-BP has distinctive clinical and immunopathological characteristics. Comorbidities, concomitant treatments, latency of the onset of the disease and the time to achieve the remission were also considered.RESULTS: The mean latency from drug intake to g-BP appearance was 9.4 months (median 10, inter-quartile range [IQR] 6-12). There were no differences in sex and age prevalence between the two groups (g-BP median age 77 years, IQR: 70-84; i-BP: 81 years, IQR: 72-86). There were no differences as far clinical presentation including disease severity, lesions types (urticarial and bullous) or mucosal involvement between g-BP and i-BP cases. The median antibody anti-BP180 and anti-BP230 titers was also similar between the two groups with 29.1 UI/mL (IQR: 12.9-65.3) and 11.8 UI/mL (IQR: 1.7-26.3), respectively. Gliptins were withdrawn in ten out of 15 patients and remission was achieved with systemic corticosteroids (0.3-0.7 mg/Kg daily) alone or in association with doxycycline (100-200 mg daily) within a mean of 8 months.CONCLUSIONS: A non-inflammatory phenotype with less erythema, fewer urticarial lesions and fewer eosinophils in skin lesions has been associated with gliptins in selected Japanese BP populations. As reported in European studies, no significant differences among the considered variables in the g-BP and i-BP cases have been found in our study
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Milia-like calcinosis cutis in Down syndrome: a new case with a review of the literature
Full text linkWe report an 11-year-old girl who presented with white papules on the dorsal and palmar region of the hands bilaterally. The parents reported that the lesions had appeared four months before and some had resolved spontaneously. The girl was suffering from celiac disease, Down syndrome, and alopecia areata treated with topical corticosteroids. At the first visit, the girl presented with alopecia areata, corticosteroid acne, and a dozen white papules located on the hands. On dermoscopy, a whitish structureless area was seen. Histological examination showed the presence of calcium deposits without tissue damage, thus confirming the diagnosis of milia-like idiopathic calcinosis cutis. At 6-month follow up, the lesions had completely disappeared. Milia-like idiopathic calcinosis cutis is a benign cutaneous disorder consisting of calcium deposits in an apparently undamaged dermis and is typically associated with Down syndrome. Up to a quarter of patients have coexisting syringomas. The milia-like papules tend to self-resolve as patients reach adulthood, so a wait-and-see approach is recommended
Incidence and ten-year follow-up of primary cutaneous lymphomas: a single-centre cohort study
No full textPrimary cutaneous lymphomas (PCLs) are a rare group of extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphomas, and epidemiological data in Mediterranean countries are scarce
Neutrophilic figurate erythema: report of a new case in an adult and comparison between adult and paediatric cases
No full textdescrizione di un nuovo caso di eritema ùfigurato neutrofilo e revisine della letteratur
Adrenergic urticaria successfully treated with omalizumab
No full textAdrenergic urticaria successfully treated with omalizuma
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