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Punargentus blanchardii subsp. blanchardii Pyrcz & Wojtusiak 2010
No full textPunargentus blanchardii blanchardii (Pyrcz & Wojtusiak, 2010) (Argyrophorus) comb. nov. (Figs. 11 C; 29) Holotype (male) MUSM, Lima. (Photo examined; Fig. 41) Type locality: Peru, Dept. Cajamarca, Cajamarca, Aylambo, S07° 14 ’07” / W 78 ° 29 ’ 13 ” 3100–3200m., 16 June 1998. Subspecies:Published as part of Matz, Jess & Brower, Andrew V. Z., 2016, The South Temperate Pronophilina (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae): a phylogenetic hypothesis, redescriptions and revisionary notes, pp. 1-108 in Zootaxa 4125 (1) on page 62, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4125.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/27170
FIGURE 1 in The South Temperate Pronophilina (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae): a phylogenetic hypothesis, redescriptions and revisionary notes
No full textFIGURE 1. One of six equally parsimonious trees for Neosatyriti and selected pronophiline outgroups, based on 4071 bp of concatenated DNA sequence from mtDNA COI-COII, elongation factor 1-alpha and wingless. Length = 8955 steps, CIx = 0.2435; RI = 0.4729.Published as part of Matz, Jess & Brower, Andrew V. Z., 2016, The South Temperate Pronophilina (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae): a phylogenetic hypothesis, redescriptions and revisionary notes, pp. 1-108 in Zootaxa 4125 (1) on page 79, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4125.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/27170
Punargentus blanchardii subsp. celendini Pyrcz & Wojtusiak 2010
No full textPunargentus blanchardii celendini Pyrcz & Wojtusiak 2010 (Argyrophorus) comb. nov. Holotype (male) MUSM, Lima (Photo examined). Type locality: Peru, Dept. Cajamarca, Celendín, Sucre, S06° 54 ’02” / W 78 °07’ 36 ” 2650–2750 m., 17 June 1998. Distribution. Peruvian altiplano (Fig. 29). Remarks. These two taxa were recently described thoroughly and illustrated by Pyrcz & Wojtusiak (2010). As discussed above, under Argyrophorus, Punargentus is phylogenetically distinct from Agryrophorus. Pyrcz & Wojtusiak did not indicate a sister-taxon relationship between P. blanchardii and any other species, but the more rounded wing shape and pattern of forewing ocelli are very similar to P. lamna and P. angusta. Biogeographically, all three of these species are high Andean puna inhabitants. We note that unlike other Punargentus species, P. blanchardii exhibits a pupillated apical ocellus on the FWV (Fig. 11 C).Published as part of Matz, Jess & Brower, Andrew V. Z., 2016, The South Temperate Pronophilina (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae): a phylogenetic hypothesis, redescriptions and revisionary notes, pp. 1-108 in Zootaxa 4125 (1) on page 63, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4125.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/27170
Tetraphlebia patagonica Mabille 1885
No full textTetraphlebia patagonica (Mabille, 1885) (Erebia) comb. nov. (Figs. 12 F; 30) Holotype (male): MNHN, Paris, leg. Lebrun, 1883 (photo examined) Type location: Santa Cruz, Patagonia, Argentina Other combinations: Faunula patagonica — Heimlich (1972); Peña & Ugarte (1997,p. 282); Lamas & Viloria (2004, p. 216); Pyrcz (2012). Distribution. Found in the vicinity of Cochrane and Palena in Aisen Prov., Chile, and in Chubut and Neuquén Provinces, Argentina (Fig. 30). Diagnosis. The dorsal fore and hindwings exhibit the postmedial rust-red patches displayed by other members of the genus. The ventral forewing exhibits the same singly-pupillated M 1 -M 3 ocellus, and the hindwing is the same rectangular shape. Unlike other Tetraphlebia, T. patagonica exhibits two ventral hindwing ocelli in cells M 3 and CuA 1 (Fig. 12 F). Pyrcz (2012) considered it to be closely related to both T. eleates and T. leucoglene. Remarks. This species was not available for thorough study. According to Peña & Ugarte (1997), the species flies slowly and perches on the ground on low to mid-elevation open grasslands.Published as part of Matz, Jess & Brower, Andrew V. Z., 2016, The South Temperate Pronophilina (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae): a phylogenetic hypothesis, redescriptions and revisionary notes, pp. 1-108 in Zootaxa 4125 (1) on page 72, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4125.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/27170
Pampasatyrus gorkyi Pyrcz, Cerdena and Zacca 2014
No full textPampasatyrus gorkyi Pyrcz, Cerdeña and Zacca, 2014 (Figs. 9 D; 19 A, B; 28) Holotype: (male) MUSM Lima, 27 Sept. 2001, leg. G. Valencia (photo examined) Type location: Rio Ccorcca, Cusco, Peru, S 13 ° 35 ’ W 72 °04’, 3600 m. Distribution. Recorded from two high elevation altiplano sites in Cusco Province, Peru (Fig. 28). Diagnosis. A loose translation of the diagnosis is included here, along with images of the holotype habitus and genitalia (Figs 9 D; 19 A, B), but the reader should consult the original publication for additional details. Closely related to P. nilesi, but considerably smaller. Grayish brown instead of nut brown, with smaller subapical ocelli. Males lack the third ocellus in CuA 1 -CuA 2 on the dorsal and sometimes ventral surfaces, and both sexes have a suffusion of silver scales in the dorsal forewing that is never present in P. nilesi. On the ventral hindwings the postdiscal spots are larger than those of P. nilesi. Remarks. This species was lately described in Cerdeña et al. (2014), as a close relative of P. nilesi.Published as part of Matz, Jess & Brower, Andrew V. Z., 2016, The South Temperate Pronophilina (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae): a phylogenetic hypothesis, redescriptions and revisionary notes, pp. 1-108 in Zootaxa 4125 (1) on page 57, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4125.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/27170
Punargentus gustavi Staudinger 1898
No full textPunargentus gustavi (Staudinger, 1898) (Satyrus), n. comb. (Figs. 11 E, F; 29) Lectotype: (male) leg. Gustav Garlepp, MFN (Berlin) (Photo examined) Type location: Sajama, Bolivia, 4000 m. = Cosmosatyrus chiliensis f. sajama Weymer, 1911 Holotype: unknown Type location: Sajama, Bolivia = Punargentus penai Hayward, 1967 Holotype: (male) 11 Dec. 1965, leg. Luis E. Peña (Peña collection) (not examined) Type location: Alto Pajonales, Antofagasta Province, Chile, 4700 m. Other combinations: Argyrophorus monticolens gustavi — Heimlich (1972) Argyrophorus penai —Peña & Ugarte (1997, p. 275) Distribution. Occurs in the high paramo (> 4000m.) of southern Peru, Bolivia, northern Chile and Argentina (Fig. 29). Remarks. Material was unavailable for detailed study, but the species’ morphology and distribution and has lately been reviewed by Cerdeña et al. (2014). The forewings appear to be more pointed than other species of Punargentus, with the outer margin evenly curved so that there is hardly an “angle” at the anal angle (Fig. 11 E, F). The dorsal surface of both wings may exhibit silver scales or be predominantly brown. The unpupillated ocellus between forewing M 1 -M 2 typical of the genus is present, as are the lentuicular submarginal yellow streaks on the ventral surfaces of both wings. Etymology. Named for its collector, Gustav Garlepp (Peña & Ugarte, 1997).Published as part of Matz, Jess & Brower, Andrew V. Z., 2016, The South Temperate Pronophilina (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae): a phylogenetic hypothesis, redescriptions and revisionary notes, pp. 1-108 in Zootaxa 4125 (1) on page 65, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4125.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/27170
Punargentus tandilensis Kohler 1939
No full textPunargentus tandilensis (Kohler, 1939) (Cosmosatyrus) n. comb. (Figs. 10 D; 29) Lectotype: (male) coll Breyer, 7 Dec. 1930 (MACN?) (photo examined). Type location: Tandil, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. Other combinations: Argyrophorus tandilensis —D’Abrera (1988, p. 798); Pyrcz & Wojtusiak (2012) Cosmosatyrus tandilensis — Heimlich (1972) Etcheverrius tandilensis — Lamas & Viloria (2004, p. 216) Distribution. The species is endemic to a relatively small area of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina, not particularly close to the distribution of most other south-temperate pronophilines (Fig. 29). Diagnosis. Wing shape and general facies quite similar to P. chiliensis, and both were placed in the nowsynonymized genus Etcheverrius by Lamas & Viloria (2004). P. tandilensis differs from P. chiliensis in being generally gray-brown on the ventral surface (Fig. 10 D). There are dark, sinuate AM and PM bands on the HWV that separate a mottled brownish basal area from a lighter postmedial region. The whole hindwing is overlain by a ripple pattern. The forewing M 1 -M 2 ocellus is oval and not pupillated. Remarks. This species was not available for detailed study.Published as part of Matz, Jess & Brower, Andrew V. Z., 2016, The South Temperate Pronophilina (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae): a phylogenetic hypothesis, redescriptions and revisionary notes, pp. 1-108 in Zootaxa 4125 (1) on page 67, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4125.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/27170
Neomaenas inornata Elwes 1903
No full textNeomaenas inornata Elwes, 1903 (Figs. 7 A, B; 26) Holotype (male): BM(NH) Type No. Rh 3864 (photo examined) Type location: Baños de Cauqueñes, O’Higgins Province, Chile Distribution. Heimlich (1972) indicated that the N. inornata is found in wooded areas with Chusquea bamboo, ranging from Valparaiso to Valdivia, Chile, from Nov. to Dec. (Fig. 26). Diagnosis. As noted by Elwes (1903), the species is similar in size, wing shape and dorsal coloration to N. servilia. However, the underside of the hindwing, rather than being boldly marked like that species, is a plain brown with a slight coppery sheen (Elwes called it “plain olive-grey”). Androconial patches are absent, and the wing patterns of the two sexes are similar, although the bipupillated ventral forewing ocellus is apparent as a shadow on the dorsal surface of the female but not the male. In the holotype, there are two small, pale-colored ocelli in HWV cells Rs-M 1 and M 1 -M 2, approximately midway between the apex of the discal cell and the wing margin. These are absent in Elwes’ (1903, Plate XIV, fig. 2) illustration of the female. The male genitalia, as illustrated by Heimlich (1972), appear most similar to those of N. poliozona. Remarks. Material of this species was not available for close examination or dissection. We provide a diagnosis based on the original description, illustrations (Fig. 7 A, B), and photos of the holotype.Published as part of Matz, Jess & Brower, Andrew V. Z., 2016, The South Temperate Pronophilina (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae): a phylogenetic hypothesis, redescriptions and revisionary notes, pp. 1-108 in Zootaxa 4125 (1) on page 38, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4125.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/27170
Argyrophorus Blanchard 1852
No full textArgyrophorus Blanchard, 1852 Type species: Argyrophorus argenteus Blanchard, 1852 Diagnosis. The monobasic Argyrophorus as defined here is distinguished from Punargentus most notably by a singly pupillated M 1 -M 3 VFW ocellus, valvae that are are rounder and wider at the distal end than those in Punargentus, a narrower saccus, and aedeagus with medial wings. Remarks. Pyrcz & Wojtusiak (2010) redefined Argyrophorus using head morphology, wing patterning, venation, wing shape, and male genitalic characters, apparently to be inclusive of Etcheverrius, Palmaris, Pampasatyrus and Punargentus (although they neglected to provide a list of which species are included in their circumscription of the genus, and were not clear as to whether Pamperis poaoeneis is or is not included). This situation was clarified somewhat by Cerdeña et al. (2014), who reported that Pyrcz (2010) synonymized “nine” genera under Argyrophorus (they listed seven: Etcheverrius, Neomaniola, Palmaris, Pampasatyrus, Pamperis, Punargentus and Stuardosatyrus). Subsequently, Pyrcz (2012) moved Neomaniola euripides from Argyrophorus to Faunula. Cerdeña et al. (2014) also noted that Pampasatyrus is closely-related to, but distinct from Argyrophorus. They reported the latter to contain 11 species—presumably the species previously included by Lamas & Viloria (2004) in Argyrophorus (1 + 1 subsequently described by Pyrcz & Wojtusiak, 2010), Etcheverrius (2), Palmaris (4), Pamperis (1) and Punargentus (2). According to our cladogram (Fig. 1), that circumscription is polyphyletic: Argyrophorus and Pamperis are phylogenetically distinct from Punargentus (here circumscribed more broadly to include Etcheverrius and Palmaris) and its sister genus, Pampasatyrus. Pyrcz & Wojtusiak (2010) placed their new species blanchardi in Argyrophorus using their broader definition, but the similarities in the VFW M 1 -M 3 ocelli, and the lack of medial appendages on the aedeagus suggest that it belongs in Punargentus, instead.Published as part of Matz, Jess & Brower, Andrew V. Z., 2016, The South Temperate Pronophilina (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae): a phylogenetic hypothesis, redescriptions and revisionary notes, pp. 1-108 in Zootaxa 4125 (1) on page 17, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4125.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/27170
Pamperis Heimlich 1959
No full textPamperis Heimlich, 1959 Type species: Pamperis poaoeneis Heimlich, 1959 Diagnosis. A dark gray butterfly with no forewing ocelli, and extremely aberrant wing venation. Forewing R 1 has a separate origin at the anterior end of the discal cell and fuses with the subcosta, while the remaining radial veins branch as follows; R 5, R 2, R 3 +R 4. in the hindwing, vein A 3 is absent. Remarks. In the original description, Heimlich associated Pamperis poaoeneis with Cosmosatyrus, but he considered the resemblance insufficient for placing in that genus, and created the monotypic genus Pamperis for this unusual species based primarily on peculiarities in the wing venation. Miller (1968) further set Pamperis poaoeneis apart as a genus of uncertain position, again due to its unusual venation, noting that "the veins in the apical portion of the forewing are arranged like no known satyrid." Pyrcz & Wojtusiak (2010) synonymized Pamperis with Argyrophorus, but noted its unusual venation, the absence of an M 1 -M 2 ventral forewing ocellus, and antennae only partially covered in scales as features that set it apart: in other words, it is very little like Argyrophorus at all. Miller (1968) also noted, "Until these structures, as well as others not considered in the original description, have been studied, it will be quite impossible to assign this genus to its proper position among the Satyridae." Molecular data confirm what morphology suggests: that Pamperis poaoeneis is distinct from Argyrophorus or any other taxon. Pamperis, then, remains a valid monotypic genus.Published as part of Matz, Jess & Brower, Andrew V. Z., 2016, The South Temperate Pronophilina (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae): a phylogenetic hypothesis, redescriptions and revisionary notes, pp. 1-108 in Zootaxa 4125 (1) on page 59, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4125.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/27170
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