1,721,061 research outputs found
[Barbieri Mattioli (c.1817), funerary sculpture]
No full textFrom Berresford: Barbieri Mattioli (c.1817), Giovanni Putti, Cimitero della Certosa, Bologna.Portrait medallion of Isabella Barbieri Mattioli on tomb with figures surrounding monument.Title from Berresford
Welfare (Inadequacy of)
No full text‘Welfare’ and ‘welfare state’ does not have a definitive meaning, as it needs to be negotiated collectively every time, in a process of continuous socio-political reformulation. The relationship between welfare and the city is crucial but multifaceted. The welfare state crisis and downturn in urban growth, with the consequent emergence of urban regeneration issues, have highlighted the necessity of reforming and adapting the existing welfare system, in its material and immaterial aspects.
In this reflection, the notion of ‘territorial fragilities’ can add new elements for a better appreciation of the connection between welfare and the territory, especially in times of crisis. On the one hand, it is possible to consider facilities in territories and areas where different forms of social, economic and spatial fragility combine. On the other hand, the physical legacy of welfare can be described as a fragile urban element in itself. At the same time, it is a significant social fixed capital that can be exploited strategically to promote projects and policies for urban regeneration
Nuovi spazi della produzione in territori non metropolitani. I makerspace dell’Emilia centrale.
Full text linkUrban manufacture has recently entered city planning discourses, fostering an increasing
number of urban policies that promote the return and/or the conservation of production
activities in the city. Many research programs have studied the diffusion of coworking and
makerspaces, concentrating mostly in global cities and regions. Nonetheless, recent inquires
reveal that such activities shape a reticular geography, which includes also medium-sized cities, industrial districts and non-metropolitan territories. The paper investigates this territorial diffusion, assuming the central area of Emilia-Romagna region as a case-study
for the co-existence of two processes of manufacture transformation. On the one hand, the
transformation of traditional specialized, industrial districts, due to globalisation, the
economic crisis and knowledge economy improvement. On the other hand, the diffusion of
different makerspaces. Some of them are sustained by public policies, while others are linked
to private initiatives. Some are located in middle-sized and capital cities, whereas others
have flourished in dispersed urbanisations. By analysing three concrete experiences (fablab
in Modena, Reggio Emilia and Fiorano M.), the paper addresses the following research
questions: do they have relationships with local industrial ecosystems and education/research
system? Do they shape peculiar spaces and/or transform existing urban spaces? Do they
contribute to social innovation and/or local welfare system
Fragilità territoriali e margini urbani: tra adattamento e rigenerazione
No full textIn this issue, we will try to explore the continuous modification of marginal spaces in dense areas, namely cities and
metropolitan areas, medium cities, widespread urbanizations where the population density is low but, thanks to the
presence of activities and the possibility of moving, innovative urban and architectural practices are still developing.
In order to investigate the forms of change, transformation
and urban regeneration, it seems useful to work with the interpretative category of “territorial fragilities”1
. It is a multidimensional concept that combines elements of spatial and
environmental vulnerability, as well as economic and social
aspects, but which, like the margin, could also be transformed
into a resource, opening up to fertile design experiments, on
different scales
Association of HS1,2A polymorphism with several diseases and analysis of the haplotypes of the region surrounding the enhancer
Full text linkNell’uomo due regioni regolative (3’RR-1 and 3’RR-2) situate a valle di ciascuno dei due geni alfa della regione costante della catena pesante delle immunoglobuline possiedono la capacità di stimolare l’attività dei promotori dei geni della catena pesante in una modalità tessuto-specifica e stadio-dipendente. Ciascuna regione regolativa umana possiede 3 elementi enhancer: HS3, HS1,2 and HS4. Fra questi, soltanto l’enhancer HS1,2 è risultato essere polimorfico. L’amplificazione selettiva dell’enhancer HS1,2A ha mostrato la presenza di 4 alleli (1; 2; 3; 4) aventi frequenze variabili nella popolazione mondiale. Uno degli scopi di questa tesi è studiare la distribuzione degli alleli dell’HS1,2A in Italia. La popolazione italiana è risultata essere piuttosto omogenea per questo locus. Nonostante ciò, le barriere naturali ostacolano i flussi genici fra la Sardegna ed il resto dell’Italia. Un effetto simile si riscontra nella regione “Sierra de Gredos” ed il resto della Spagna.
Studi precedenti hanno dimostrato l’associazione fra alcune patologie autoimmuni ed il polimorfismo dell’enhancer HS1,2A. Esperimenti di “gel shift” hanno inoltre mostrato che due diversi complessi proteici legano gli alleli 1 e 2 dell’HS1,2A. Questi dati suggeriscono un possibile ruolo del polimorfismo dell’HS1,2A nella regolazione delle funzioni dei linfociti B. In questa tesi lo studio viene esteso a varie patologie autoimmuni e alla sindrome da deficienza di IgA. I nostri risultati mostrano un aumento significativo della frequenza dell’allele 1 in un gruppo di pazienti affetti da deficienza di IgA rispetto al controllo. D’altra parte, la frequenza dell’allele 2 aumenta significativamente in individui affetti da varie patologie autoimmuni rispetto al controllo. Inoltre, l’allele 2 associa in modo più forte con la forma acuta di una data patologia rispetto a quella più lieve. L’associazione del polimorfismo dell’HS1,2A con l’alterazione dei livelli sierici delle immunoglobuline è stato inoltre studiato in questa tesi. L’aumento della frequenza dell’allele 1 associa significativamente con livelli sierici di immunoglobuline inferiori ai valori standard, mentre l’aumento della frequenza dell’allele 2 correla con livelli sierici di immunoglobuline superiori ai valori standard. È noto che i fattori genetici dell’ospite possono influenzare la progressione delle patologie virali. Studi precedenti hanno dimostrato la correlazione fra il polimorfismo dell’HS1,2A e la progressione dell’AIDS in un gruppo di pazienti libici. In questa tesi è stata trovata un’associazione del polimorfismo dell’HS1,2A con la diminuzione dei livelli dei linfociti CD4+ in un gruppo di individui HIV positivi provenienti dal Sud Africa. Abbiamo inoltre dimostrato che il polimorfismo dell’HS1,2A influenza la risposta individuale all’infezione del virus dell’Epatite C.
Successivamente, l’analisi è stata estesa alla regione situata fra gli enhancer HS3 ed HS1,2A della RR-1. In totale sono stati identificati 22 SNP in forte “linkage disequilibrium” l’uno con l’altro. Abbiamo trovato una correlazione significativa fra gli aplotipi e gli alleli dell’HS1,2A. Abbiamo ipotizzato che il polimorfismo dell’HS1,2A e gli aplotipi della regione regolativa “RR-1” possono influenzare i cambiamenti epigenetici o il legame di fattori di trascrizione alla regione regolativa, influenzando perciò l’attività della regione stessa nella trascrizione dei geni delle immunoglobuline, nello “switch” isotipico e nella produzione delle immunoglobuline.In humans two regulatory regions (3’RR-1 and 3’RR-2) lying downstream of each of the two heavy chain constant alfa genes are able to enhance immunoglobulin transcription from the heavy chain promoters in a tissue-and-stage-specific manner. Each human regulatory region harbours three enhancer elements: HS3, HS1,2 and HS4. Among the enhancers, only HS1,2 proved to be polymorphic. The selective amplification of HS1,2A revealed the occurrence of four alleles (1; 2; 3; 4) which show variable frequencies throughout the world population. One aim of this thesis is to study the distribution of HS1,2A alleles in the Italian population. The Italian population turns out to be rather homogeneous for this locus. Nevertheless, natural barriers impair genetic flux in Sardinia in contrast to the homogeneity generally found in the rest of Italy. A similar effect is also found in Spain’s Sierra de Gredos region.
Previous studies have demonstrated the association of the HS1,2A polymorphism with some immunological diseases. Gel shift experiments have shown that two different protein complexes bind the HS1,2A alleles 1 and 2. These data suggest a role of the HS1,2A polymorphism in the regulation of B cell functions. In this thesis we extended the analysis to selective IgA deficiency and to several autoimmune diseases. We found a significant increase of allele 1 frequency in a group of patients affected by IgA deficiency in respect to the control. On the other hand, allele 2 frequency is significantly increased in individuals affected by different autoimmune diseases in respect to the control. Moreover, allele 2 associates strongly with the acute form of a given autoimmune disease in respect to the milder form. The association of HS1,2A polymorphism with the alteration of immunoglobulin serum levels was also investigated in this thesis. Allele 1 frequency increase associates significantly with immunoglobulin serum levels below the standard values, while allele 2 frequency increase correlates with immunoglobulin serum levels above the standard values. It is known that several host genetic factors influence the progression of viral pathologies. Previous studies have shown the correlation of HS1,2A polymorphism with AIDS progression in a cohort of Libyan patients. Here we found an association of HS1,2A polymorphism with the decrease of CD4+ T cell levels in a group of HIV positive subjects from South Africa. We also showed that the HS1,2A polymorphism could be involved in the individual response to Hepatitis C virus infection.
Subsequently, the analysis was extended to a region lying between the enhancers HS3 and HS1,2A of the 3’RR-1. In total, 22 single nucleotide polymorphisms in strong linkage disequilibrium with each other were identified. We found a strong significant correlation of the haplotypes with the HS1,2A alleles. We hypothesized that the HS1,2A polymorphism and the haplotypes of the 3’RR-1 could affect epigenetic changes or transcription factor binding to the regulative region, so influencing the regulative region activity in immunoglobulin germline transcription, in class switch recombination and in immunoglobulin production
Avigliana: Area Riva
Full text linkIl testo presenta la strategia di rinnovamento urbano della città di Avigliana e l'iniziativa del concorso di progettazione per un'area centrale da trasformare in un parco pubblico
Public Facilities: A Fragile, Yet Crucial Capital for Urban Regeneration
No full textThe paper aims to discuss the crucial role of existing public facilities and areas in processes of urban regeneration. Public facilities and spaces (schools, sports, cultural and health centres, public parks and playgrounds) form a crucial collective infrastructure that drove urbanization processes in the past while contributing on the construction of universal citizenship. They are widespread, albeit maintaining profound differences and heterogeneities concerning physical consistency, spatial distribution, state of maintenance, management
forms. Indeed, the first operation consists of identifying possible situations (geographies) of the condition of welfare spaces in Italy. In particular, the paper debates the situations in which public facilities are already abundant and consolidated, yet inadequate to contemporary requirements/needs. The second part of the paper discusses the plural notion of ‘territorial fragility’
related to public facilities located in ‘intermediate’ and metropolitan territories. Finally, moving from realized urban projects and policies, the last part of the paper proposes to consider public facilities as a strategical element in urban regeneration interventions, on an urban and architectural scale
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