10 research outputs found
Neue Anwendungen und Methoden für die hochaufgelöste Analyse bakterieller Signalstoffmoleküle in komplexen Matrices
No full textDependent of their environment, bacteria are able to control specific reactions using signalling compounds. Several approaches for the analysis of selected signalling compounds (N-acyl-homoserine lactones) were developed and tested. Ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) allows a fast and selective analysis of these analytes besides their main metabolites. The application of a piezo driven dispenser allows an identification and quantification in complex samples by standard addition of small amounts with high precision. Furthermore, it is possible to deliver small sample volumes for the analysis in a high-resolution mass spectrometer by application of the dispenser. This newly developed approach is based on desorption on heated surfaces followed by photoionisation.Bakterien verfügen über Mechanismen, welche es ihnen ermöglichen anhand von Signalstoffen umgebungsabhängige Reaktionen zu steuern. Es wurden verschiedene Verfahren zur Analyse ausgewählter Signalstoffe (N-acyl-Homoserinlactone) entwickelt und getestet. Ultra-Hochleistungs-Flüssigchromatographie (UPLC) erlaubt eine schnelle und selektive Analyse dieser Analyten mit ihren Hauptmetaboliten. Mittels eines Piezo-getriebenen Dispensors ist eine Identifikation und Quantifizierung in komplexen Proben durch Standardaddition minimaler Mengen mit hoher Genauigkeit möglich. Der Dispensor erlaubt es darüber hinaus, Kleinstmengen an Probe einer Analyse in einem hochauflösenden Massenspektrometer zuzuführen und diese zu detektieren. Dieses neu entwickelte Verfahren basiert auf Desorption an heißen Oberflächen mit nachgeschalteter Photoionisierung
A Creative Journey through the Open Campus
No full textWith the shift in pedagogical and technological approaches towards hybrid learning concepts, architectural spaces also need to be adapted to meet the diverse needs of today’s learners. My project investigates how hybrid learning spaces can enhance the creative thinking process of lifelong learners. It explores design strategies to ensure that vertical campus buildings are accessible to various users. A key focus is identifying spatial characteristics that either activate or challenge creativity and using these as design tools. The goal is to design a “Vertical Campus” in The Hague that addresses urban densification and is publicly accessible.The project aims for sustainable and future-proof designs that meet today’s needs while anticipating future ones. It combines various functions within a campus complex and addresses themes like hybridity and lifelong learning. The project seeks to make existing government institutions accessible to the public and ensure vertical accessibility. It integrates knowledge from architecture, social sciences, technology, and engineering, proposing solutions to align the built environment with recent developments in teaching and learning.Incorporating hybrid learning spaces not only enhances the creative journey of lifelong learners but also facilitates knowledge sharing and accessibility for different stakeholders and users. This is particularly relevant in The Hague’s Central Innovation District, where a significant amount of knowledge exists within municipal and governmental buildings and numerous educational institutions, but is not accessible to the general public.Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Public Buildin
Capturing the atmosphere: Sep Ruf's architecture of reconstruction as a reflection of social change in post-war Munich
No full textSep Ruf (1908-1982) was one of the most significant architects of German post-war modernism and played a key role in the rebuilding of several cities after World War II, particularly Munich. Along with other German modernist architects and supporters of the New Building movement, Ruf sought to initiate an intellectual renewal of architecture as a foundation for the city’s reconstruction, aiming to counter the neoclassical architecture of the Third Reich with a style characterised by lightness, asymmetry, and transparency. The fluent transition between exterior and interior spaces, the considerate embedding in the existing urban context, and the combination of traditional and modern architectural elements are essential principles of Ruf’s post-war philosophy, leading to the development of a new formal language and architectural expression that captured the “spirit’s atmosphere” and reflected the changing social values of Munich’s post-war society. This thesis analyses three case studies of Ruf‘s work during the first phase of post-war modernism from 1945 to 1963. It provides a historical and architectural analysis, as well as a socio-societal analysis based on local newspaper articles from the era, demonstrating how Ruf‘s architecture responded to various social challenges after World War II and encouraged public debates about evolving social values in the public, private, and religious domains. The construction of Munich’s first high-rise apartment building Theresienstraße (1950-51) was a low-cost social housing project, which offered high-quality living conditions to all social classes. The transparent facades and publicly accessible courtyards of the Neue Maxburg (1952-58) were emblematic of a new social and legal democratisation and stand for Munich’s reintegration into the European and international world community. The modern formal language of the church of St. Johann von Capistran (1957-60), built in the course of the Eucharistic World Congress in Munich, was a precursor of the liturgical reformation of the 1960s. Overall, this paper highlights Sep Ruf’s contribution to the development of post-war modernism and the broader social and cultural changes of the time in Munich.AR2A011Architectural History ThesisArchitecture, Urbanism and Building Science
Capillary electrophoresis – mass spectrometry: Survey on developments and applications 2003–2004
No full textPractical considerations for the analysis of ionic and neutral organic molecules with capillary electrophoresis/mass spectrometry.
No full textThis chapter presents the technique of capillary electrophoresis coupled to mass spectrometry (CE/MS). The introductory section is targeted mainly at CE/MS beginners and notes briefly the theoretical background of electrospray ionization (ESI), the most commonly used ionization mode in CE/MS. The specifics of CE/MS are described—also in comparison with more classic methods like LC/MS. Important caveats to be taken nto consideration for successful CE/MS operation are noted in the interest of avoiding pitfalls. CE/MS is illustrated with three representative examples, which might serve as starting points for more in-detail experiments: (1) partial-filling micellar elektrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) ofneutral bacterial signaling molecules (N-acylhomoserine lactones) extracted from culture supernatants, (2) capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) of their anionic degradation products, and finally (3) CZE separation of cationic hydroxys-triazines
Does higher education help immigrants find a job? : A survival analysis
No full text"We analyse the role that education signals play in the transition rates from unemployment to finding a job. We compare the results for Ethnic Germans with those for foreigners from the same origin countries and Native Germans. In the first case, the two have the same labour market access but different migration backgrounds. In the second case, the migration background is similar, but labour market access is not. We find that Ethnic Germans fare better than foreigners because more of them are able to accredit their foreign degrees and hence can apply for a job as a medium- or high-skilled individual which both have faster transition rates than the low-skilled. However, both foreigners and Ethnic Germans with accredited degrees have similar transition rates. Finally, if education signals are acquired in Germany, the differences between all three groups vanish more or less completely." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))Aussiedler, berufliche Reintegration, Migranten, Deutscher, Arbeitsmarktchancen, Aussiedlerpolitik, Bildungsabschluss - Anerkennung, Integrierte Erwerbsbiografien
‐acylhomoserine lactones after alkaline hydrolysis and anion‐exchange solid‐phase extraction by capillary zone electrophoresis‐mass spectrometry
No full textEstimating Daily Curves of Queue Length at Traffic Signals using Floating Car Data
No full textIt is a well-known fact that nowadays reliable traffic data are an indispensable prerequisite for efficient traffic control and planning. Nevertheless, traffic monitoring in urban areas is still difficult and expensive due to complex traffic dynamics and road networks. So, this paper describes some recent results for an innovative and cost-effective method by the author for queue length estimation at signalized intersections based on floating car data which has got the potentials to significantly enhance the quality of urban traffic monitoring.
The paper starts with a short review about the new algorithm and discusses some previous observations which have been made by simulations in the virtual case of constant traffic demand. In reality, however, traffic demand typically varies over time. Often there are significant peak hours in the morning and/or in the afternoon but low traffic volumes especially at night. That is the reason why further simulations have been performed based on real daily curves of traffic volume.
It turns out that the new method yields very good estimates for queue lengths at traffic signals also in this case. Even at low penetration rates regarding the available number of floating cars, the resulting daily curves of queue length are very close to the real, i.e. simulated ones. The paper discusses the results in more detail and also provides some numerical measurements for the quality of estimation.
Moreover, an interesting effect is explained which sometimes occurs when floating car data of several simulation runs are aggregated. That is, surprisingly, the queue length estimates become worse in case of too much aggregation especially when general data quality and penetration rate are very good. Needless to say, this is an important phenomenon to be analyzed because it is quite usual for today’s floating car systems to combine current with historical data. It is the simplest way to get a larger amount of data points available for traffic state estimation if online penetration rates are too low for the particular applications.
In summary, the paper demonstrates that the new method for queue length estimation is not only applicable to some very academic simulation examples with constant traffic volumes, but also yields highly accurate results in more realistic situations. Clearly, this is a big step forward towards future applications of the method based on real floating car data. The paper concludes with some ideas for future developments and extensions to the described algorithms and shows how the principal ideas can be used to design an integrated traffic monitoring system for urban areas. All in all, the potentials of the new method are underlined
Combining chip-ESI with APLI (cESILI) as a multimode source for analysis of complex mixtures with ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry
No full textRecently we have established atmospheric-pressure laser ionisation (APLI) as a method for coupling time-of-flight mass spectrometric detectors (TOF MS) with chromatographic systems (HPLC and GC) to allow two-photon ionisation of non-polar aromatic compounds. Here we demonstrate that APLI can be combined with chip-electrospray ionisation (cESI) coupled to Fourier-transform-ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) for ultrahigh-resolution analysis of complex samples. With the laser turned off, the analytes are ionised only by ESI, whereas when the laser is switched on non-polar aromatic substances also are ionised. In combination with the extremely high mass resolution of an FT-ICR MS, simultaneous qualitative analysis of polar and non-polar analytes is possible in both positive and negative modes, as is exemplified with a crude oil sample. Nevertheless, ion suppression was observed (up to ca. 70% for D 10-pyrene) and thus sample preparation with chromatographic or electrophoretic pre-separation is necessary for quantitative analysis of targets. In addition, for the first time, the dopant-assisted APLI method in combination with cESI (DA-cESILI) was used for determination of 1-nitrocoronene. © 2008 Springer-Verlag.Peer Reviewe
Bibliographie Leo Perutz : Stand: 26. April 2010
No full textIn den gut eineinhalb Jahrzehnten, die seit der Bibliographie von Hans-Harald Müller und Wilhelm Schernus (Nr. 140) vergangen sind, hat sich die Perutz-Forschung etabliert. Dies zeigt schon ein flüchtiger quantitativer Vergleich. Der Abschnitt "Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen" bestand damals aus einer Handvoll Magisterarbeiten und Dissertationen; in der vorliegenden Bibliographie nimmt die Sekundärliteratur mehr als die Hälfte des Raums ein. Die Rechtfertigung einer neuen Perutz-Bibliographie liegt denn auch vor allem darin, ein aktuelles, möglichst vollständiges Verzeichnis der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zu Leo Perutz (unter Einschluß der vor 1990 erschienenen Titel) vorzulegen. Der Abschnitt "Primärliteratur" schließt dagegen chronologisch an Müller und Schernus an
