130 research outputs found
Preconception care for diabetic women for improving maternal and infant health
No full textBackground Infants born to mothers with pre-existing type I or type II diabetes mellitus are at greater risk of congenital anomalies, perinatal mortality and significant morbidity in the short and long term. Pregnant women with pre-existing diabetes are at greater risk of perinatal morbidity and diabetic complications. The relationship between glycaemic control and health outcomes for both mothers and infants indicates the potential for preconception care for these women to be of benefit. Objectives To assess the effects of preconception care in women with pre-existing diabetes on health outcomes for mother and baby. Search strategy We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's Trials Register was searched (30 April 2010) and reference lists of retrieved articles. Selection criteria Randomised, quasi-randomised and cluster-randomised trials evaluating preconception care of diabetic women. Data collection and analysis Two review authors independently conducted data extraction and quality assessment. We resolved disagreements through discussion or through a third author. Main results We included one trial (involving 53 women) in this review. The trial did not report on the prespecified outcomes of this review. Authors' conclusions Little evidence is available to recommend for or against preconception care for women with pre-existing diabetes. Further large, high-quality randomised controlled trials are needed to evaluate the effect of different protocols of preconception care for women with pre-existing diabetes.Joanna Tieu, Philippa Middleton and Caroline A Crowthe
Care Depersonalized: The Risk of Infocratic “Personalised” Care and a Posthuman Dystopia
No full textPublished online: 30 Aug 2023Matthew Tieu & Alison L. Kitso
The Relational Care Framework: Promoting Continuity or Maintenance of Selfhood in Person-Centered Care
No full textWe argue that contemporary conceptualizations of "persons" have failed to achieve the moral goals of "person-centred care" (PCC, a model of dementia care developed by Tom Kitwood) and that they are detrimental to those receiving care, their families, and practitioners of care. We draw a distinction between personhood and selfhood, pointing out that continuity or maintenance of the latter is what is really at stake in dementia care. We then demonstrate how our conceptualization, which is one that privileges the lived experiences of people with dementia, and understands selfhood as formed relationally in connection with carers and the care environment, best captures Kitwood's original idea. This conceptualization is also flexible enough to be applicable to the practice of caring for people at different stages of their dementia. Application of this conceptualization into PCC will best promote the well-being of people with dementia, while also encouraging respect and dignity in the care environment.Matthew Tieu, Steve Matthew
Supplemental Material - From Promise to Practice: How Health Researchers Understand and Promote Transdisciplinary Collaboration
No full textSupplemental Material for From Promise to Practice: How Health Researchers Understand and Promote Transdisciplinary Collaboration by Michael T. Lawless, Matthew Tieu, Mandy M. Archibald, Maria Alejandra Pinero De Plaza, and Alison L. Kitson in Qualitative Health Research</p
Screening and subsequent management for gestational diabetes for improving maternal and infant health
No full textEditorial group: Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group. Publication status and date: New search for studies and content updated (no change to conclusions), published in Issue 2, 2014. Review content assessed as up-to-date: 1 December 2013.Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a form of diabetes that occurs in pregnancy. Although GDM usually resolves following birth, it is associated with significant morbidities for mother and baby both perinatally and in the long term. There is strong evidence to support treatment for GDM. However, there is little consensus on whether or not screening for GDM will improve maternal and infant health and if so, the most appropriate protocol to follow. Objectives: To assess the effects of different methods of screening for GDM and maternal and infant outcomes. Search methods: We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's Trials Register (1 December 2013). Selection criteria: Randomised and quasi-randomised trials evaluating the effects of different methods of screening for GDM. Data collection and analysis: Two review authors independently conducted data extraction and quality assessment. We resolved disagreements through discussion or through a third author. Main results: We included four trials involving 3972 women in the review. One quasi-randomised trial compared risk factor screening with universal or routine screening by 50 g oral glucose challenge testing. Women in the universal screening group were more likely to be diagnosed with GDM (one trial, 3152 women, risk ratio (RR) 0.44, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.26 to 0.75). This trial did not report on the other primary outcomes of the review (positive screen for GDM, mode of birth, large-for-gestational age, or macrosomia). Considering secondary outcomes, infants of mothers in the risk factor screening group were born marginally earlier than infants of mothers in the routine screening group (one trial, 3152 women, mean difference (MD) -0.15 weeks, 95% CI -0.27 to -0.03). The remaining three trials evaluated different methods of administering a 50 g glucose load. Two small trials compared glucose monomer with glucose polymer testing, with one of these trials including a candy bar group. One trial compared a glucose solution with food. No differences in diagnosis of GDM were found between each comparison. However, in one trial significantly more women in the glucose monomer group screened positive for GDM than women in the candy bar group (80 women, RR 3.49, 95% CI 1.05 to 11.57). The three trials did not report on the primary review outcomes of mode of birth, large-for-gestational age or macrosomia. Overall, women drinking the glucose monomer experienced fewer side effects from testing than women drinking the glucose polymer (two trials, 151 women, RR 2.80, 95% CI 1.10 to 7.13). However, we observed substantial heterogeneity between the trials for this result (I² = 61%). Authors' conclusions: There was insufficient evidence to determine if screening for gestational diabetes, or what types of screening, can improve maternal and infant health outcomes.Joanna Tieu, Andrew J McPhee, Caroline A Crowther, Philippa Middleto
Supplemental Material - Instruments Measuring Self-Care and Self-Management of Chronic Conditions by Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Scoping Review
No full textSupplemental Material for Instruments Measuring Self-Care and Self-Management of Chronic Conditions by Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Scoping Review by Michael T. Lawless, Matthew Tieu, Raymond J. Chan, Jeroen M. Hendriks, and Alison Kitson in Journal of Applied Gerontology</p
How and where does “care” fit within seminal life‐course approaches? A narrative review and critical analysis
No full textAims: To map the concepts of the caring life-course theory that are used in life-course approaches from different disciplines; establish whether there is a common recognition of, or language used, to describe care in those life-course approaches; and identify the role and contribution of care to the life-course literature. Design: This discursive paper uses a narrative review process to explore points of convergence and divergence between life-course approaches and the caring life-course theory. Methods: Categories for analysis were developed deductively and inductively, focusing on the constructs of fundamental care, capacity and capability, care network, care transition, care trajectory and care biography. Results: We identified four disciplinary perspectives: (1) life-course sociology; (2) life-course epidemiology; (3) lifespan developmental psychology; and (4) life-course health development. While six core constructs of the caring life-course theory were described, either explicitly or implicitly, in existing life-course approaches, no single approach fully describes the role and contribution of care across the lifespan. Conclusion: Life-course approaches have largely neglected the contribution and role of care in informing the life-course discourse. This review highlights the significance of care beyond traditional healthcare settings and recognizes it as a fundamental human need for well-being and development, which can contribute to existing life-course literature. Implication for the Profession and/or Patient Care: There is a need to understand care as a complex system and embrace a whole-system, life-course approach to enable nurses and other healthcare professionals to provide high-quality, patient-centred care. Impact: Incorporating care within a life-course approach provides opportunities to integrate and deliver care centred around the person, their life transitions, trajectories and care networks, including informal carers and healthcare professionals. No Patient or Public Contribution: Patients or members of the public were not involved in this study as it is a discursive paper based on the relevant literature.Michael T. Lawless, Matthew Tieu, Rebecca Golley, Alison Kitso
Instruments Measuring Self-Care and Self-Management of Chronic Conditions by Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Scoping Review
No full textFirst published online March 7, 2023Given the high prevalence of chronic conditions and multimorbidity in older adults, there is a need to better conceptualize and measure self-care and self-management to promote a person-centered approach. This scoping review aimed to identify and map instruments measuring self-care and self-management of chronic conditions by older adults. We searched six electronic databases, charted data from the studies and tools and reported the results in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. A total of 107 articles (103 studies) containing 40 tools were included in the review. There was substantial variation in the tools in terms of their aims and scope, structure, theoretical foundations, how they were developed, and the settings in which they have been used. The quantity of tools demonstrates the importance of assessing self-care and self-management. Consideration of the purpose, scope, and theoretical foundation should guide decisions about tools suitable for use in research and clinical practice.Michael T. Lawless, Matthew Tieu, Raymond J. Chan, Jeroen M. Hendriks, and Alison Kitso
Self and Identity: An Exploration of the Development, Constitution and Breakdown of Human Selfhood
No full textMatthew Tie
Optimising in situ click chemistry: the screening and identification of biotin protein ligase inhibitors
No full textData source: Supplementary information, https://doi.org/10.1039/c3sc51127hA 'leaky mutant' (SaBPL-R122G) of Staphylococcus aureus biotin protein ligase (SaBPL) is used to enhance the turnover rate for the reaction of biotin alkyne with an azide to give a triazole. This allows the enzyme to select the optimum triazole-based inhibitor using a library of such azides in a single experiment with greatly improved efficiency and sensitivity of detection, difficulties that can restrict the general utility of a multi-component in situ click approach to ligand optimisation.William Tieu, Tatiana P. Soares da Costa, Min Y. Yap, Kelly L. Keeling, Matthew C. J. Wilce, John C. Wallace, Grant W. Booker, Steven W. Polyak and Andrew D. Abel
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