954 research outputs found
Survey of breeders’ management of horses in Europe, North America and Australia: comparison of factors associated with the development of abnormal behaviour
No full textAn online survey of domestic horse breeders in the USA, UK, Australia, Canada and mainland Europe was carried out in order to examine management risk factors associated with the development of abnormal behaviour patterns. One hundred and forty breeders responded, and epidemiological results suggested that the overall number of horses showing abnormal behaviours may be declining (5.2% of the sample). However, as found in previous studies, extensive, as opposed to intensive management practices reduce the risk of foals developing abnormal behaviours. In addition, offering foals low-energy forage in higher quantities reduces the risk of abnormal behaviour (P < 0.001). Results are discussed in relation to previous surveys, and suggestions are made for breeders and owners to help reduce the risks of young horses developing abnormal behaviours associated with weaning practices
Online_Appendix - Party activism in the populist radical right: The case of the UK Independence Party
No full textOnline_Appendix for Party activism in the populist radical right: The case of the UK Independence Party by Paul Whiteley, Erik Larsen, Matthew Goodwin and Harold Clarke in Party Politics</p
Smarter choices ?changing the way we travel. Case study reports
No full textThis report accompanies the following volume:Cairns S, Sloman L, Newson C, Anable J, Kirkbride A and Goodwin P (2004)Smarter Choices ? Changing the Way We Travel. Report published by theDepartment for Transport, London, available via the ?Sustainable Travel? section ofwww.dft.gov.uk, and from http://eprints.ucl.ac.uk/archive/00001224/
New Research Questions Statin ‘Benefit’ In People At Low Risk Of Heart Disease - 25 January 2011
No full textNEW DELHI - Although clinical studies have suggested that the cholesterol lowering drugs known as statins could benefit people who are not already ill with cardiovascular disease, this assumption may have been premature - according to the author of a new Cochrane systematic review of the effects of statins. Shah Ebrahim explains to Peter Goodwin how many of the drugs-industry sponsored trials showing statin benefits have shortcomings, and that the cautious advice is to reserve statin therapy for patients who already have heart disease and those at risk of having a heart attack since the side effects of very widespread use of these drugs among healthy low-risk people are not yet fully known
Behavioural efficacy of environmental enrichment in the reduction of stereotypy in two captive vicugna (Vicugna vicugna)
No full textIncreasing foraging behaviour and promoting substrate choice as methods for reducing stereotypy in captive animals are widely practised and generally accepted as effective. In the present study we examined the efficacy of offering foraging patch and substrate choice in an attempt to reduce motor stereotypy in two captive vicugna (F1 and F2). Browse were added to the vicugna’s enclosure as an additional forage substrate and also split the vicugna’s normal feed: half being delivered outside of the sleeping enclosure and half inside to offer a split patch choice. The study employed an ABACA design (A: Baseline, B: Browse, C: Split Feed).
There was a significant effect for condition, P = 0.017. T-tests revealed a significant condition effect in F1 between the Browse and Baseline one, P < 0.05 with the frequency of stereotypy during the Browse condition being higher. In addition in F1, a higher frequency of stereotypy was observed during the Browse condition as compared to Baseline two and this approached significance, P = 0.06.
T-tests revealed several significant inter-condition differences in F2. The frequency of stereotypy during the Browse condition was significantly higher than during Baseline one, P < 0.05, Baseline 2, P < 0.01 and the Split Feed condition, P < 0.05.
The frequency of stereotypy was also significantly higher in the Baseline 3 condition than in the Split Feed condition, P = 0.05.
In the wild, vicugna are the only camelids who sleep and eat in different areas. However, the subjects used for the present study were fed in their sleeping enclosure. The decrease in stereotypy during the split-feed condition may be indicative the relative reinforcer value of stereotypy as compared to simulated wildtype foraging opportunities. The reason the browse increased stereotypy may be because it represented a supernormal stimulus
Innocency and truth triumphing together, or, The latter part of an answer to the back-part of a discourse, lately published by William Prynne Esquire, called, A full reply, &c. [electronic resource] : beginning at the foot of p. 17 of the said discourse with this title or superscription, Certain brief animadversions on Mr. John Goodwins Theomachia : wherein the arguemntative part of
No full textAttributed to John Goodwin. Cf. BLC .Errata: verso of 4th prelim. leaf."To the Christian reader" signed: J. G.Reproduction of original in Thomason Collection, British Library.WingMcAlpin Coll.Electronic reproduction
VO2 on-kinetics in isolated canine muscle in situ during slowed convective O2 delivery
No full textA substantial body of evidence now suggests that while increasing O2 delivery to a working muscle during submaximal contractions onset may not speed VO2 on-kinetics, slowing the rate of O2 delivery may slow the VO2 on-kinetics response. While many studies have used techniques that measure limb blood flow, central blood flow, pulmonary VO2, and limb VO2, relatively few studies have characterized blood flow on-kinetics and VO2 on-kinetics directly across a working muscle in situ. Previous research has established that increasing O2 delivery to the muscle prior to contractions onset (via increased blood flow delivery) does not speed the VO2 on-kinetics response in transitions to submaximal contractions in isolated muscle in situ.
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of slowing blood flow on-kinetics on VO2 on-kinetics. The isolated canine gastrocnemius muscle complex in situ was used (n=11). After surgical isolation of the muscle, four trials were performed. A Control Trial (CT) was always the first trial, as it was a trial to establish resting blood flow and steady state blood flow. The remaining three trials were randomized: Control Trial 20 (CT20), in which pump perfusion of the muscle was set to follow a monoexponential rise in which the tau (time to ~63.2% response) was set at 20 sec; Experimental Trial 45 (EX45), in which pump perfusion of the muscle was set to follow a monoexponential rise in which the tau was set at 45 sec; and Experimental Trial 70 (EX70), in which pump perfusion of the muscle was set to follow a monoexponential rise in which the tau was set at 70 sec.
VO2 average mean response time (time delay + tau = MRT) values for CT20, EX45, and EX70 were 19.9±3.8, 26.3±5.9, and 31.7±4.1 sec, respectively. MRT values for EX70 and EX45 were significantly different from CT20 (p=<0.0001, p=0.0031) and each other (p=0.0092). Furthermore, when MRT values of the VO2 on-response were plotted against the MRT values from the blood flow/O2 delivery on-response, there was a linear relationship (R=0.99997). These results, combined with earlier work done with this same model, suggest that in this model the muscle contracts with a blood flow/O2 delivery very closely matched to the O2 utilization. The progressive, linear slowing of VO2 on-kinetics with slower O2 delivery suggests that either 1) the appropriate level of metabolites needed to stimulate the control VO2 at any given time during the on-transition could not be reached, or 2) the appropriate levels of metabolites needed to stimulate the control VO2 at any given time during the on-transition were reached, yet the O2 was not available. These results show that muscle VO2 and blood flow/O2 delivery are very closely matched during contractions onset. Given the inherent weakness in studies that must estimate muscle VO2 and muscle blood flow from other measures, we have carried out experiments that directly measure the variables of interest (blood flow, VO2). To our knowledge, this is the first study of its kind to progressively slow the O2 delivery rate by altering the time course of the normal monoexponetial blood flow on-response without altering the resting or steady state O2 delivery rate. Because various disease states present with impaired O2 delivery on-kinetics and/or impaired VO2 on-kinetics, these results offer great insight into mechanisms of both healthy and diseased mammalian muscle
AUT898331_Supplemental_material_Appendix_II – Supplemental material for A framework of evidence-based practice for digital support, co-developed with and for the autism community
No full textSupplemental material, AUT898331_Supplemental_material_Appendix_II for A framework of evidence-based practice for digital support, co-developed with and for the autism community by Vanessa Zervogianni, Sue Fletcher-Watson, Gerardo Herrera, Matthew Goodwin, Patricia Pérez-Fuster, Mark Brosnan and Ouriel Grynszpan in Autism</p
Silcrete plant fossils from Lightning Ridge, New South Wales: new evidence for climate change and monsoon elements in the Australian Cenozoic
No full textDiverse Cenozoic (possibly latest Oligocene to mid–late Miocene) macrofossils from the Lightning Ridge opal fields are illustrated and discussed. Specimens identified to, or closely comparable with, extant taxa include ferns (Lygodium, Gleichenia and others), conifers now extinct in Australia (Dacrydium, Retrophyllum and Papuacedrus), Lauraceae (Cryptocarya/Cinnamomum), sclerophyllous Proteaceae (Banksia, Lomatia and Grevillea), Cunoniaceae/Elaeocarpaceae and Eucalyptus (and/or other Myrtaceae). Overall, at least four fern, three conifer and 30 angiosperm taxa are recognised. The climate supported many species with close relatives in wet Australasian habitats, including rainforests. However, a drier or more seasonal (?monsoonal) aspect is especially indicated by the presence of lobed leaves that resemble extant species of Brachychiton (Malvaceae), Erythrina (Fabaceae) and tribe Cercideae (Fabaceae). A degree of water stress is also suggested by the prevalence of narrow, toothed and/or deeply lobed angiosperm leaves.Raymond J. Carpenter, Matthew P. Goodwin, Robert S. Hill and Karola Kanol
AUT898331_Supplemental_material_Appendix_I – Supplemental material for A framework of evidence-based practice for digital support, co-developed with and for the autism community
No full textSupplemental material, AUT898331_Supplemental_material_Appendix_I for A framework of evidence-based practice for digital support, co-developed with and for the autism community by Vanessa Zervogianni, Sue Fletcher-Watson, Gerardo Herrera, Matthew Goodwin, Patricia Pérez-Fuster, Mark Brosnan and Ouriel Grynszpan in Autism</p
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