1,721,044 research outputs found
Archives Internationales d'Histoire des Sciences (ARIHS)
No full textThe Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Sciences aim to publish works in history of science, epistemology and philosophy of science in various fields : from biology to medicine, from mathematics to astronomy, by way of the physical and chemical sciences, and also including arts and architecture and studies considering the institutional and political circumstances that create the contexts where sciences have developed
Alchemy in the Making: From ancient Babylonia via Graeco-Roman Egypt into the Byzantine, Syriac and Arabic traditions (1500 BCE – 1000 AD) Acronym: AlchemEast
No full textThe AlchemEast project (ERC, Consolidator Grant) is devoted to the study of alchemical theory and practice as it appeared and developed in distinct, albeit contiguous (both chronologically and geographically) areas: Graeco-Roman Egypt, Byzantium, and the Near East, from ancient Babylonian times to the early Islamic period. This project combines innovative textual investigations with experimental replications of ancient alchemical procedures. It uses sets of historically and philologically informed laboratory replications in order to reconstruct the actual practice of ancient alchemists, and it studies the texts and literary forms in which this practice was conceptualized and transmitted. It proposes new models for textual criticism in order to capture the fluidity of the transmission of ancient alchemical writings
Ambix
No full textAmbix is an internationally recognized, peer-reviewed quarterly journal devoted to publishing high-quality, original research and book reviews in the intellectual, social and cultural history of alchemy and chemistry. It publishes studies, discussions, and primary sources relevant to the historical experience of all areas related to alchemy and chemistry covering all periods (ancient to modern) and geographical regions. Topics covered by Ambix include, but are not limited to, interactions between alchemy and chemistry and other disciplines; chemical medicine and pharmacy; molecular sciences; practices allied to material, instrumental, institutional and visual cultures; environmental chemistry; the chemical industry; the appearance of alchemy and chemistry within popular culture; biographical and historiographical studies; and the study of issues related to gender, race, and colonial experience within the context of chemistry
A Syriac epitome of Galens' On simple drugs, books 9-11 : text and translation
Full text linkThe Syriac manuscript Mm. 6.29 (15th century), kept at the Cambridge Uni-versity Library, transmits an epitome of Galen’s On Simple Drugs, books 9-11, under the name of the Graeco-Egyptian alchemist Zosimus (3rd-4th century AD). After summarizing the state of the art in a short introduction, the paper offers the first edition of theSyriac text, with translation and critical notes. Particular attention is devoted to the comparison with the Greek text and its manuscript traditio
Rethinking Ancient Pharmacology: Galen's Treatise On simple Drugs
No full textResearch project on ancient Galenic pharmacology, with particular attention on the treatise 'On the Properties of Simple Drugs', its textual tradition and receprtion in Syriac, Arabic and Lati
L'alchimista antico. Dall'Egitto greco-romano a Bisanzio
Full text linkUn intricato complesso di arti, pratiche di tintura e teorie della materia costituisce il nucleo della scienza alchemica, che si sviluppò attraverso una storia millenaria prima di trasformarsi nella chimica moderna. Arte spesso associata al Medioevo, l’alchimia ha in realtà origini molto più antiche, che affondano le proprie radici nell’Egitto greco-romano e nelle terre tra Bisanzio e Bagdad. Il volume ripercorre questa storia nei secoli che precedono la ricezione e lo sviluppo dell’alchimia nell’Occidente latino. Le principali fonti sono qui studiate assieme alle più importanti figure di alchimisti: dal mago persiano Ostane alle divinità egizia Iside, dalla sapiente Maria l’Ebrea al filosofo greco Democrito, da Cleopatra e i sacerdoti dei templi egiziani a imperatori e dotti bizantini. L’alchimia antica è così indagata nei contesti sociali e culturali che ne determinarono la nascita, insistendo sui rapporti con discipline affini, come medicina e filosofia naturale. Specifiche sezioni del libro illustrano inoltre le tecniche e gli strumenti con cui gli alchimisti antichi tentarono di estrarre “spiriti” minerali, distillare acque coloranti, trasformare metalli vili in oro o produrre pietre preziose artificiali
Byzantine Alchemy in Two Recently Discovered Manuscripts in Saint Stephen's (Meteora) and Olympiotissa (Elassona) Monasteries
No full textDescription of two recently discovered Byzantine manuscripts on alchemy (Meteora, Saint Stephen's Monastery, MS 97; Elassona, Olympiotissa, MS 197). Preliminary edition of excerpts and recipes taken from the last section of the Meteora MS
‘Alchemical’ Inks in the Syriac Tradition
Full text linkThis paper explores recipes for ink making preserved in three Syriac alchemical manuscripts. First, I shall provide an analytical description of the scanty material transmitted in two codices kept at the British Library (Egerton 709 and Oriental 1593); then, particular attention will be devoted to a treatise that opens the collection of alchemical writings in the Cambridge MS Mm. 6.29 (15th century AD). This treatise includes several recipes on the making of inks that reveal evident similarities both with the instructions preserved in the Graeco-Egyptian tradition (especially in the so-called Leiden Papyrus) and with early medieval technical handbooks. A selection of Syriac recipes is edited here for the first time and translated and commented on in order to better understand the mechanisms that regulated the transmission of this technical material in Christian Near-Eastern communities
L’assimilazione al dio attraverso le technai. Note sulla raffigurazione degli ‘scienziati’ antichi in età ellenistica ed imperiale
No full textStudio della funzione della figura del 'protos heuretes' nel processo di divinizzazione di scienziati e filosofi antich
Dissoluzioni, distillazioni e passaggi di stato nel Corpus degli alchimisti greci
No full textStudio delle antiche pratiche alchemiche di distillazione come strumento per manipolare sostanze naturali appartenenti a differenti regni (minerale e vegetale) e produrre trasformazioni e contaminazioni da un regno naturale all'altro
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