88,835 research outputs found
Splitting and Doubling: Spaces for Contemporary Living in Works by Gordon Matta-Clark, Kurt Schwitters and Gregor Schneider
No full textThe thesis addresses the question of dwelling as a challenge and concern in the twenty-first century. It does so on the basis of three works of art, all exercising radical spatial reconfigurations of existing residential buildings. The thesis argues that these works created in the twentieth century bring strategies forward for a contemporary living space of interest today. Furthermore, that the agency of the artistic gesture exceeds the scope of the architectural work when addressing the subject of home and house in critical ways. The importance of this engagement lies in an incompatibility observed between ideas about dwelling and the experience of the contemporary age. A prevalent desire for a permanently settled and stable living space is at odds with increasingly transient and nomadic present-day lifestyles – the thesis asks how come such concepts without application endure.
Literary works, concerned with the process of modernisation in the twentieth century, are called upon to qualify this problem of dwelling in our time. While the texts provide insight into the dialectics of the modern, the chosen works of art unfold three living spaces settled in the moment of their making. When answering the immediate contextual setting with an environment for living beyond conventional building practices, Gordon Matta-Clark’s Splitting (1974), Kurt Schwitters’ Merzbau (1927-37) and Gregor Schneider’s HAUS u r (1985-today) give clues to the nature of the contemporary dwelling. As a living space beyond conceptualisation, this dwelling does not require a whole house to be held in place nor does it rely on walls for spatial differentiation. Instead, a framework for coexistence is articulated as a space of resistance to the forces of the modern, threatening to render all dwellers homeless. The thesis challenges the contemporary architect with the task of participating in the creation of this space
Increasing complexity in structurally stable models: an application to a pure exchange economy
No full textA model M is defined (see Anderlini and Canning (2001) and Yu et al. (2009)) as a quadruple M = {Lambda, X, F, R}, where Lambda and X represent the parameter and actions spaces, respectively, F is a correspondence defining the feasible actions and R is a real-valued function which measures the degree of rationality of the feasible actions. We recall that structural stability means the continuity of the equilibrium set with respect to small perturbations of the parameters and that robustness to bounded rationality holds if small deviations from rationality imply small changes in the equilibrium set. In this paper we extend to a model (M) over bar = {(Lambda) over bar, (X) over bar, (F) over bar, (R) over bar}, where (Lambda) over bar is defined as the set of all compact subsets of A, (X) over bar = X, (F) over bar and (R) over bar are the feasibility and rationality correspondences which extend F and R, respectively. (M) over bar is more complex than M, since M is embedded into (M) over bar in a natural way. We show that the structural stability of A implies the structural stability of (M) over bar and that (M) over bar is robust to bounded rationality if (R) over bar is lower semi-continuous. This abstract characterization of complexity is important because it can be used to appraise the nontrivial issue of whether structural stability and robustness to bounded rationality are preserved when a structurally stable model M is extended to (M) over bar. By applying this abstract construction to a pure exchange economy, the result by Loi and Matta (2010), concerning the stability of the equilibrium set with respect to perturbations of endowments along a given path, is extended to perturbations of paths under bounded rationality. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Matta Crosby 1934
No full text<i>Matta</i> Crosby, 1934 <p> <i>Matta</i> Crosby, 1934: 20 (Type species, <i>M. hambletoni</i> Crosby, 1934).</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis</b>. Species of the genus <i>Matta</i> can be distinguished from other Neotropical Tetrablemmidae by having only the two eyes, separated (Figs 23A, 27A) or fused (Figs. 2A, 16A, see Lehtinen, 1981, figs. 297-298). The eyes may be absent (Figs 7A, 14A) and the species could be confused only with <i>Monoblemma</i> blind Neotropical species (see Brignoli, 1978, fig 5), but differed by the strongly raised carapace (Figure 2B) and male palp with embolic projection and conductor (Fig. 3B, F). <i>Matta</i> species exhibit high carapace and apophysis in the male chelicerae as in <i>Caraimata</i> species (see Lehtinen, 1981, figs 304-305), but can be distinguished from this genus by the presence of a pair or absence of eyes, while species of <i>Caraimata</i> having four eyes (see Lehtinen, 1981, fig 299, 302).</p> <p> <b>Composition.</b> Ten species: <i>Matta hambletoni</i> Crosby; <i>M. angelomachadoi</i> Brescovit; <i>M. mackenziei</i> Shear; <i>M. zuiuda</i> <b>sp. n.</b>, <i>Matta pititinha</i> <b>sp. n.</b>, <i>Matta humhum</i> <b>sp. n.</b>, <i>Matta cambito</i> <b>sp. n.</b>, <i>Matta humrrum</i> <b>sp. n.</b>, <i>Matta nuusga</i> <b>sp. n.</b>, and <i>Matta teteia</i> <b>sp. n.</b></p>Published as part of <i>Brescovit, Antonio D. & Cizauskas, Igor, 2019, Seven new species of the spider genus Matta Crosby from caves in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil (Araneae, Tetrablemmidae), pp. 401-444 in Zootaxa 4559 (3)</i> on pages 402-403, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4559.3.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/2627047">http://zenodo.org/record/2627047</a>
A decomposition approach for the home health care problem with time windows
No full textOptimization tools are necessary to efficiently plan service delivery for patients at home in the context of Home Health Care services. In the scientific literature, Periodic Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows (PVRPTW) is proposed to address the assignment, scheduling and routing processes with time windows. However, PVRPTW is computationally difficult and not viable for large-size problems. Thus, a practical approach is proposed to decompose the problem. Time windows are considered at the assignment level using a probabilistic model without the need of solving the routing problem. Mixed integer mathematical programming models are proposed and solved by CPLEX solver. Numerical experiments are executed to validate the performance of the proposed models with respect to the PVRPTW
Connection of Concrete Railing Post and Bridge Deck with Internal FRP Reinforcement
No full textThe use of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) reinforcement is a practical alternative to conventional steel bars in concrete bridge decks, safety appurtenances, and connections thereof, as it eliminates corrosion of the steel reinforcement. Due to their tailorability and light weight, FRP materials also lend themselves to the development of prefabricated systems that improve constructability and speed of installation. These advantages have been demonstrated in the construction of an off-system bridge, where prefabricated cages of glass FRP bars were used for the open-post railings. This paper presents the results of full-scale static tests on two candidate post–deck connections to assess compliance with strength criteria at the component (connection) level, as mandated by the AASHTO Standard Specifications, which were used to design the bridge. Strength and stiffness until failure are shown to be accurately predictable. Structural adequacy was then studied at the system (post-and-beam) level by numerically modeling the nonlinear response of the railing under equivalent static transverse load, pursuant to well-established structural analysis principles of FRP RC, and consistent with the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications. As moment redistribution cannot be accounted for in the analysis and design of indeterminate FRP RC structures, a methodology that imposes equilibrium and compatibility conditions was implemented in lieu of yield line analysis. Transverse strength and failure modes are determined and discussed on the basis of specification mandated requirements
Design of Concrete Railing Reinforced with Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Bars
No full textThe use of Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) reinforcement is a practical alternative to conventional steel rebars in concrete structures subjected to aggressive environments. The solution is attractive for bridge deck and rail applications, as it eliminates corrosion of the steel reinforcement, which is the major instrument of degradation. Due to the peculiar physical and mechanical characteristics of advanced composite materials, the design philosophy of FRP reinforced concrete (RC) structures differs from that of traditional RC. This paper introduces a systematic approach adopted for the structural and functional design of an open-post bridge railing reinforced with Glass FRP bars (GFRP) as compared to steel RC counterparts, according to the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications. Design examples, accounting for different gap opening length and rail beam reinforcement, and based on the experimental static response of full-scale post/deck connections, are finally presented and discussed
Survival of probiotic strains in a refrigerated non fermented blended juice using a static in vitro digestion model.
No full textRef. 378/139. ICDF, 2 a 4 de abril 2019. Na publicação: Gomes, F.; Ribeiro, A.; Ribeiro, L.; Matta, V.; Santos, K.; Walter, E
Structural Response of FRP Reinforced Concrete Softeyes for Tunnel Excavation
No full textThe development of pultruded glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars for internal reinforcement of concrete, together with dedicated limit-state design guidelines, has led to a recent breakthrough in the field of tunnel excavation. The use of GFRP bars in softeyes, which are openings of retaining walls to be penetrated by tunnel boring machines (TBMs) during excavation, is becoming mainstream. The low shear strength and brittleness compared to steel bars facilitate and expedite excavation, resulting in time and cost saving, as well as improved safety. Large-size (#10) GFRP bars are typically used as flexural reinforcement for the massive softeyes, often in bundles. However, the flexural and shear design algorithms adopted by the American Concrete Institute (ACI) for fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) reinforced concrete (RC) have never been experimentally validated with full-scale tests. Question marks exist on potential detrimental effects on the concrete shear strength contribution that accrue from size effect, and on the flexural strength of RC members due to shear lag in the large-size longitudinal reinforcement, and due to the use of bar bundles. In this paper, the fundamentals of flexural and shear design of FRP RC are first outlined. Then, an experimental program that included bending tests on five full-scale softeye beam specimens is presented and discussed. The test matrix was designed to study the shear and flexural response of large-scale members using different layouts of flexural and shear reinforcement. The results demonstrate the validity of the current ACI design algorithms, and back the identification of areas of research to improve their efficiency
Usurping architecture : sculptural resistance to the built environment
No full textIncludes bibliographical references (p. 70-71).Usurping Architecture is a study in three parts. Part One explores the historical and theoretical basis that has informed my body of work. In this section, I explore the perfection of the depiction of the three-dimensional structure on a two-dimensional plane. This is specifically related to architecture. I then examine the role of geometric abstraction, as developed on the two-dimensional format, in sculptural strategies and their insertion in the lived, everyday environment.The role of geometric formalism is expanded on in the chapters on minimal art, where I explore the role of Gestalt psychology in creating a phenomenological response in the viewer. In the following chapters I indicate how the strategies employed by the minimal artists were used in subsequent decades as a response to the architectural environment. Part Two deals with the methodology related to my art-making processes. The first chapter of this section informs the reader about the general use of concrete as a material. The second chapter explains how I use this material in the construction of cast concrete sculptures. It describes the technical aspects of the process in detail. Part Three comprises a list of each work submitted for examination. The works are represented photographically and are accompanied by a short explanatory text
A proposal of a frustum conical tuned liquid damper for suppressing large amplitude motions of structures
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