115 research outputs found
Marine protection dividend
No full textAs the NSW government considers marine management reforms, this report finds that marine parks already provide significant economic benefits, but it is too early to judge their environmental effectiveness.This short paper presents compelling evidence that: NSW marine parks are already delivering clear and demonstrable economic benefits for local communities and businesses.The protected areas must be allowed to exist for a minimum of 15 years before they can be judged as to their effectiveness.Community support for marine parks and the sanctuary zones within them, is very high around the more established reserves. NSW marine parks are all relatively young. The oldest NSW marine parks are barely 11 years old and the youngest only six. In ecological terms, these parks are still in their infancy. Yet marine parks are already providing economic dividends to local communities, by attracting significant tourism. The establishment of the Solitary Island Marine Park, for example, saw a 20% increase in local business’s turnover in the first five years. Jervis Bay Marine Park has brought an estimated $2.4 million into the region through marine tourism. “Marine parks have become essential infrastructure for regional economies. As long as investment in the parks is maintained, benefits will continue to increase over years and even decades,” said report author Caroline Hoisington. Recreational and commercial fishing also benefit from marine parks, particularly sanctuary zones, where fishing is restricted. European studies have shown that for each year a sanctuary zone is in place, the number and/or size of commercially valuable fish increased by 8 per cent compared to surrounding fished areas. Benefits flow when these fish spill over into surrounding areas. “Local community support for sanctuary zones is 80 per cent or higher, in the three marine parks where opinions have been surveyed”, Caroline said. “The numbers are no different for recreational fishers.” Recreational fishing may also see bigger and better catches immediately, as competition from commercial fishing is reduced. However, sustainable fish stock management must also take account of recreational fishing, which makes up as much as 90 per cent of the catch for some NSW species. The report recommends the NSW Government set 15 years after zoning as the earliest point for making judgments about the impacts and environmental effectiveness of marine parks. Improvements in biodiversity, biomass and resilience of fish species will continue to take place after this time. The first fifteen years is not the end of benefits from marine parks, but is just enough time to show big changes. By contrast, decisions based on short-term assessments risk being driven by emotional reactions, rather than taking a balanced view based on evidence of the dividends that will continue to flow from marine parks
Jervis Bay Infauna Images
No full textMaintenance and Update Frequency: unknownStatement: UnknownGeoscience Australia carried out marine surveys in Jervis Bay (NSW) in 2007, 2008 and 2009 (GA303, GA305, GA309, GA312) to map seabed bathymetry and characterise benthic environments through co-located sampling of surface sediments (for textural and biogeochemical analysis) and infauna, observation of benthic habitats using underwater towed video and stills photography, and measurement of ocean tides and wave-generated currents. Data and samples were acquired using the Defence Science and Technology Organisation (DSTO) Research Vessel Kimbla. Bathymetric mapping, sampling and tide/wave measurement were concentrated in a 3x5 km survey grid (named Darling Road Grid, DRG) within the southern part of the Jervis Bay, incorporating the bay entrance. Additional sampling and stills photography plus bathymetric mapping along transits was undertaken at representative habitat types outside the DRG. <br/><br/>This folder contains the images derived from benthic samples taken on the surveys GA0312, GA0315 and GA0309 aboard HMS Kimbla. These images formed the first point of reference in identifying subsequent specimens to save wear and tear on the specimens put aside as reference material. Four phylum folders exist within the main folder: Annelida, Crustacea, Echinodermata and Mollusca. The crustacea folder contains further folders, breaking the images into finer groupings. Images of taxa that do not fit in the four phylum folders are loose in the main folder
Jervis sul naturalismo darwiniano, la psicologia dinamica e i giochi di ultimatum (Jervis on darwinian naturalism, dynamic psychology, and ultimatum bargaining games)
No full textIn questo commento viene criticata l’interpretazione che Cavallaro (2010) propone del libro di Jervis (2002) Individualismo e cooperazione. Psicologia della politica, sostenendo tre tesi. Primo, il naturalismo darwiniano è un complesso orientamento metodologico di cui la sociobiologia e la psicologia evoluzionistica rappresentano solo due incarnazioni parziali e controverse. Secondo, la distinzione fra il sistema motivazionale cooperativo e quello competitivo va collocata entro la cornice di un’antropologia che afferma la natura intrinsecamente sociale dell’individuo. Terzo, Jervis ritiene che la comprensione della dialettica fra cooperazione e competizione richieda spiegazioni su più livelli, che tengano conto dell’inestricabile intreccio fra predisposizioni innate, invarianti relazionali formali e convenzioni culturali.In this commentary, the author criticizes Cavallaro’s (2010) reading of Jervis’ (2002) book Individualismo e cooperazione. Psicologia della politica [Individualism and Cooperation: Psychology of Politics] by arguing three claims. First, Darwinian naturalism is a complex methodological approach of which sociobiology and evolutionary psychology are only two partial and controversial versions. Second, the distinction between the cooperative motivational system and the competitive one is to be placed within the framework of an anthropology that claims the intrinsically social nature of the individual. Third, Jervis thinks that the understanding of the dialectics between cooperation and competition requires multilevel explanations that can take into account the inextricable interlacement among innate predispositions, formal relational invariants, and cultural conventions
<i>Why Intelligence Fails: Lessons from the Iranian Revolution and the Iraq War</i>. By Robert Jervis
No full textIn this important book, Robert Jervis reveals his solid credentials as an intelligence insider. For him, this is not a conflict in roles. He is a social scientist, first, who hopes that the U.S. intelligence community (IC) will learn from its mistakes by adhering to sound social scientific practices. Jervis offers striking comparisons between the IC's failure to predict the overthrow of the Shah of Iran with the events of 1978–79—which the author assessed in a declassified internal review for the Central Intelligence Agency—and the erroneous judgment that Iraq had stockpiled biological and chemical weapons and was reconstituting its nuclear program, which the Bush administration used to justify the 2003 Iraq war. Drawing predominantly from these cases, Jervis argues that critical deficiencies in intelligence result because analysts fail to articulate their assumptions, subject these arguments to appropriate scrutiny, consider rival hypotheses that fit the evidence, test arguments by offering predictions, consider negative and positive evidence when evaluating assertions, and seek information that might disconfirm their existing point of view.</jats:p
Extractable element data for surface seabed sediments in Jervis Bay, NSW (August 2008 and February 2009)
No full textMaintenance and Update Frequency: asNeededStatement: Bottom sediments were collected using a small Shipek type grab sampler.This device can collect an intact sample of sediment up to 5 cm by 12 cm in area and 5 cm thick. Upon triggering, the grab immediately covers the sample, which prevents washout of fine sediment during retrieval to the surface. The surface sediments (~0 to 2 cm) within the grab were spooned into acidwashed falcon vials and the porewaters were removed by centrifugation (9000 rpm; 5 minutes). The samples were then frozen for transport to the laboratories at Geoscience Australia where they were freezedried and ground in a PSZ mill. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) metal digests of sediments were also undertaken following the protocol of Snape et al. (2004). Briefly, 20 ml of a 1M HCl solution and 1 g freezedried sediment were mixed for 4 hours at room temperature, prior to centrifugation and then filtration into acidcleaned containers. The HCl extracts were analysed by quadrupole ICP_MS at the University of Canberra. All major interfering elements/compounds (i.e., Cl on V, Cr, As and Se) were checked and corrected for. The analyses are provided as mg/kg dry weight.Geoscience Australia carried out marine surveys in Jervis Bay (NSW) in 2007, 2008 and 2009 (GA303, GA305, GA309, GA312) to map seabed bathymetry and characterise benthic environments through colocated sampling of surface sediments (for textural and biogeochemical analysis) and infauna, observation of benthic habitats using underwater towed video and stills photography, and measurement of ocean tides and wavegenerated currents. Data and samples were acquired using the Defence Science and Technology Organisation (DSTO) Research Vessel Kimbla. Bathymetric mapping, sampling and tide/wave measurement were concentrated in a 3x5 km survey grid (named Darling Road Grid, DRG) within the southern part of the Jervis Bay, incorporating the bay entrance. Additional sampling and stills photography plus bathymetric mapping along transits was undertaken at representative habitat types outside the DRG. <br/><br/>This 81 sample dataset comprises acidextractable concentrations of trace elements (Fe, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ge, As, Cd and Pb) in surface seabed sediments (~0 to 2 cm) from Jervis Bay
Chlorophyll a and Phaeophytin a data for surface seabed sediments in Jervis Bay, NSW (June and August 2008 and February 2009)
No full textMaintenance and Update Frequency: asNeededStatement: Bottom sediments were collected using a small Shipek type grab sampler.This device can collect an intact sample of sediment up to 5 cm by 12 cm in area, and 5 cm thick. Upon triggering, the grab immediately covers the sample, preventing washout of fine sediment during retrieval to the surface. The surface 0.5 cm of sediment within the grab was sampled using a cutoff syringe.The subsample was wrapped in Al foil and immediately frozen.Chl_a concentrations in sediment extracts (90% acetone) were calculated from spectrophotometric readings at wavelengths of 664 nm and 750 nm before and after the addition of 0.1 mol/L HCl using the equation derived by Lorenzen (1967). Pheophytin a concentrations are determined as part of the process. Data are presented in ug/g, both as wet and dry weights.Geoscience Australia carried out marine surveys in Jervis Bay (NSW) in 2007, 2008 and 2009 (GA303, GA305, GA309, GA312) to map seabed bathymetry and characterise benthic environments through colocated sampling of surface sediments (for textural and biogeochemical analysis) and infauna, observation of benthic habitats using underwater towed video and stills photography, and measurement of ocean tides and wavegenerated currents. Data and samples were acquired using the Defence Science and Technology Organisation (DSTO) Research Vessel Kimbla. Bathymetric mapping, sampling and tide/wave measurement were concentrated in a 3x5 km survey grid (named Darling Road Grid, DRG) within the southern part of the Jervis Bay, incorporating the bay entrance. Additional sampling and stills photography plus bathymetric mapping along transits was undertaken at representative habitat types outside the DRG. <br/><br/>This 126 sample dataset comprises chlorophyll a and pheophytin a measurements on surface seabed sediments (~0 to 2 cm) from Jervis Bay
Searching for Pigeons in the Belfry: The Inquest, the Abolition of the Deodand and the Rise of the Family
No full textThis article explores the abolition in 1846 of the deodand – the object or animal declared responsible for death by an inquest jury – and its relationship with the family of the deceased. Drawing on the work of Jacques Donzelot, it argues that the deodand brought contingency into the heart of law, and that its replacement with a legal right to compensation for dependents was a move to rationalize the investigation of death. This rationalization had consequences; limiting the place of the unruly community, centering and regulated the family, and disconnecting the inquest from the material of death
Tender evaluation : a means of assessing the true value to the client.
No full textIncludes bibliography.The advent of large multidisciplinary projects has necessitated an in-depth evaluation of tenders to ensure that the tenderer awarded the contract has submitted the lowest acceptable evaluated tender sum and has convinced the evaluation team that, by adequate resourcing and programming, he has appreciated the technical implications. The objectives of this thesis were threefold: * to discuss the need for a new approach to tender evaluation; * to propose amendments to the traditional tender document to provide a basis for a detailed tender evaluation; and * to propose methods of evaluating the information received from the tenderers so that the tender most suitable from both financial and technical considerations is recommended to the client. An extensive literature survey revealed little relevant reference material and, as a result, the author's experience in the evaluation of tenders, together with input from engineers knowledgeable in this field, has formed the basis of this thesis. To obtain the information necessary for the evaluation phase, the tender document must be so structured as to provide the tenderer with sufficient detail to adequately assess the complexity of the project and to provide the evaluation team with sufficient pertinent information to adequately evaluate the tender
TCO2 fluxes and pools for sediments in Jervis Bay, NSW (June and August 2008 and February 2009)
No full textMaintenance and Update Frequency: asNeededStatement: Bottom sediments were collected using a small Shipek type grab sampler.This device can collect an intact sample of sediment up to 5 cm by 12 cm in area and 5 cm thick. Upon triggering, the grab immediately covers the sample, which prevents washout of fine sediment during retrieval to the surface. Immediately after the grab was back aboard, the surface sediments were spooned into two 58 ml falcon vials for the vial incubation experiments. No later than 4 hours after collection, the porewaters from one of the two falcon vials (time = zero (t0)) were extracted by centrifugation (8890 rpm; 5 minutes) and syringefiltered (0.45 um) into 3 ml containers that had been precharged with 0.025 ml of mercuric chloride. Approximately 24 hours later, the second of the two falcon vials from each site (time = one (t1)) were sampled by the same method. The porewater extracts were stored in the refrigerator prior to analysis for TCO2 concentrations.These concentrations were measured at Geoscience Australia using an AS_C3 DIC analyser (Apollo SciTech), with a certified reference material as a standard.The TCO2 flux measurements represent the amount of CO2 produced by incubating sediment over a ~24 hour period, normalised to the volume of sediment used in the incubation. The TCO2 pool measurements constitute the TCO2 concentrations of the t=0 sample corrected for the TCO2 efflux during the period (up to 4 hours) prior to centrifugation, and normalised to the volume of incubating sediment.Geoscience Australia carried out marine surveys in Jervis Bay (NSW) in 2007, 2008 and 2009 (GA303, GA305, GA309, GA312) to map seabed bathymetry and characterise benthic environments through colocated sampling of surface sediments (for textural and biogeochemical analysis) and infauna, observation of benthic habitats using underwater towed video and stills photography, and measurement of ocean tides and wavegenerated currents. Data and samples were acquired using the Defence Science and Technology Organisation (DSTO) Research Vessel Kimbla. Bathymetric mapping, sampling and tide/wave measurement were concentrated in a 3x5 km survey grid (named Darling Road Grid, DRG) within the southern part of the Jervis Bay, incorporating the bay entrance. Additional sampling and stills photography plus bathymetric mapping along transits was undertaken at representative habitat types outside the DRG. <br/><br/>This 126 sample data set comprises TCO2 flux and pool data for surface seabed sediments (~0 to 2 cm)
Dataset: Seascape patterning shapes the distribution of temperate reef fish
No full textThese data are the fish assemblage recorded using unbaited remote videos on shallow water reefs (~2m) and the surrounding seascape patterns in Jervis Bay, NSW, Australia
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