135 research outputs found
Ads in mobile applications
No full textThe usage of mobile applications has increased phenomenally with the growth of smart phones. According to Apple, as of Feb 2012, close to 800,000 third party applications were available on the App Store. They have been downloaded more than 15 billion times. The android platform is close behind with 450,000 apps in Google Play that have been downloaded more than 10 billion times. When we look at Advertising revenues from mobile phones (app and browser included), in-app mobile Ads account for only a fraction of the total. IDC estimates 70% of Mobile Ad budgets are spent on search based advertising. The rest is a combination of placements in applications and content on the web. Compared to the application usage statistics for popular platforms, the revenue generated through Ads using these apps as the medium has just not kept pace. The numbers point to a lot of scope for growth. Moreover, with more and more apps becoming free to download, these Ads are here to stay. What makes in-app mobile Ads even more interesting is their potential to deliver highly targeted Ads. In this paper, we study Ads in mobile applications. We limit the scope of our study to in-app mobile Ads, that appear anywhere within a mobile application when it is being used. This could be in the form of text, rich media or banner. Our purpose is to understand how Ads in mobile apps work and how they can be used by advertisers to engage audiences with targeted Ads. To this end, we run Ad campaign experiments in select countries in Asia and North America. Through these experiments; we aim to study the factors affecting the performance of Ad campaigns and inferences that can be made from data obtained through the campaigning processM.S.Includes bibliographical referencesby Aparna Vaikunta
Proton-coupled electron transfer in molecular and material catalysis
No full textProton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) plays an important role in a variety of electrochemical and photo-excited reactions occurring in molecular, material, and biological systems. In this thesis, the role of PCET in hydrogen evolution molecular electrocatalysts, and iron-doped nickel-oxyhydroxide thin films used for oxygen evolution reaction, are explored by means of quantum chemistry. Detailed electronic structural analysis performed using density functional theory is used to provide atomic level understanding of these catalytic systems. The electron-proton nonadiabaticity of PCET process is investigated for the phenoxyl/phenol self-exchange reaction, and the results show that the vibronic coupling is dependent on the molecular geometry. This diagnostic is important for the calculation of PCET rate constants. The rate constants and kinetic isotope effects for concerted PCET in a set of hydroquinone derivatives are calculated and analyzed in comparison with experimental data.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2020-12-01The student, Aparna Karippara Harshan, accepted the attached license on 2018-09-28 at 10:38.The student, Aparna Karippara Harshan, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2018-09-28 at 12:24.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2018-10-01 at 09:56.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #13025 on 2019-02-08 at 11:38:08Made available in DSpace on 2019-02-08T18:39:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Regulation of arcuate genes by developmental exposures to endocrine-disrupting compounds in female rats
No full textDevelopmental exposure to endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) alters reproduction and energy homeostasis, both of which are regulated by the arcuate nucleus (ARC). Little is known about the effects of EDC on ARC gene expression. In Experiment #1, pregnant dams were treated with either two doses of bisphenol A (BPA) or oil from embryonic day (E)18-21. Neonates were injected from postnatal day (PND)0-7. Vaginal opening, body weights, and ARC gene expression were measured. Chrm3 (muscarinic receptor 3) and Adipor1 (adiponectin receptor 1) were decreased by BPA. Bdnf (brain-derived neurotropic factor), Igf1 (insulin-like growth factor 1), Htr2c (5-hydroxytryptamine receptor), and Cck2r (cholescystokinin 2 receptor) were impacted. In Experiment #2, females were exposed to BPA, diethylstilbestrol (DES), di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, or methoxychlor (MXC) during E11-PND7. MXC and DES advanced the age of vaginal opening and ARC gene expression was impacted. These data indicate that EDCs alter ARC genes involved in reproduction and energy homeostasis in females.Peer reviewe
Terbinafine Induced Stevens Johnson Syndrome Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis Overlap Syndrome
No full textSJS-TEN overlap syndrome is a very rare but severe cutaneous adverse drug reaction that is caused by terbinafine administration. The patient was suffering from vulvovaginal for which she was consuming terbinafine which led to the occurrence of cutaneous eruptions, across the right and left lower limbs, face, upper limbs, chest, back, arms, and abdomen, affecting almost the entire body covering 10- 30% of the body surface which makes it to fall under the category of SJS-TEN overlap syndrome. Although considered safe terbinafine may lead to such severe adverse drug reactions, proper precautions need to be taken while prescribing it. Avoid the drug in patients with a history of any drug reactions. The main goal of this case report is to bring awareness among healthcare professionals, and to make them vigilant against such severe cutaneous drug reactions caused by terbinafine
Three essays on the relationship between land conservation and economic development
No full textLand degradation is a significant cause of biodiversity loss, food insecurity, and persistent poverty. In this dissertation, I explore how land conservation and conversion policies affect economic development and human welfare. I use current and historical contexts and compile primary data sources to answer this question. I use case studies from both developing and developed countries, and from both land conversion and working land conservation policies.
In the first chapter, I study the effects of forest protected areas (PAs) on surrounding households in a developing country. I use Nepal’s recently established PAs as a case study to see the effects on the households who depend on the forest. I find that PAs reduce household wood collection, but there is no evidence that other household consumption is significantly reduced by the strain of reduced access to forest resources nor that PAs rapidly attracted tourism that increased household welfare in these rural villages.
This analysis of the immediate effects of land conservation policies in Nepal cannot shed light on all the effects of conservation policies, as land and soil quality change takes time. Historical events provide a more complete picture. Thus, my second two chapters study historical land conservation policies in the United States (US).
In my second chapter, I explore the persistent impacts on the environment of the earliest farmland conservation policies in the Great Plains. The 1930s Dust Bowl compelled the federal government to undertake large soil conservation policies; I evaluate the effects of those policies over fifty years. Results show that the Voluntary Acreage Reduction program had beneficial long-term effects, increasing areas planted in grassland and decreasing soil erosion in areas that were previously heavily planted in corn and wheat.
Land conservation policies also include creating and nurturing local institutions for management. In my third chapter, I study what factors affected the speed with which local environmental institutions – the Soil Conservation Districts (SCDs) – were created to improve farmland resource management. I use historical documents to create a dataset on exactly when SCDs were established during the period of 1936-1956. A duration analysis of those data finds that SCDs did rise up more rapidly in places hit hardest by crop failure, but institutional change was slower in areas dominated by farms managed by tenants who did not have legal authority to help create SCDs to help preserve their farms.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2021-08-01The student, Aparna Howlader, accepted the attached license on 2019-07-01 at 13:43.The student, Aparna Howlader, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2019-07-01 at 14:26.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2019-07-03 at 16:59.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #14122 on 2019-11-26 at 13:04:13Made available in DSpace on 2019-11-26T20:49:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Managing workforce diversity to enhance cooperation in organizations
No full textThe growing sophistication of research on diversity in organizations parallels the evolution of organizations into increasingly complex and dynamic forms. As teams interact with other teams, the organizational context in which teams operate can create opportunities as well as pose challenges for team functioning . In this chapter, we consider how the demographic characteristics of the organizational context influences teamwork and so attempt to contribute to the academic discourse on diversity in two ways. First, we draw attention to the intrinsic value of diversity in relation to a team's external relationships. To meet organizational goals, each team must be effective in terms of its internal functioning . In addition, each team must effectively manage its relationships with other teams and individuals in the organization Through their relationships, team members may gain access to needed resources and exert influence that is beneficial to the team and its individual members. Past research, grounded in social psychological theory, has focused on the negative relationship between team diversity and internal team processes such as team cooperation. We recognize that an additional component of team functioning is relationships between teams. Based on social psychological theory, we argue that diversity in teams will be manifested in cooperative behaviors between teams in organizations
Effects of distractions on decision-making processes and outcomes
No full textThis dissertation focuses on how distractions affect decision-making. The distractions studied here are in the form of text-messaging using a mobile phone in the context of interdependent decision-making tasks such as a negotiation. The effects are studies under two types of negotiations: distributive (one that requires participants to be competitive) versus collaborative (interests of both parties are similar). Through a series of four experimental studies, the effects of distractions were observed in the following three types of experimental conditions: (1.) one-person in a dyad is texting during the negotiation, (2.) both persons in a dyad are texting in a negotiation and (3.) control group, with no distractions. Findings indicate that performance in a negotiation is adversely affected when a person is distracted. Control groups performed best, followed by ‘both-receiver’ or both-distracted groups. In study 1, it is found that perceptions of trust, satisfaction and professionalism of the distracted person are lower than those for non-distracted persons. In study 4, findings indicate a main effect of distractions for information sharing such that receivers shared least information, followed by observers, followed by ‘both-receivers’ and then by the control group.Ph. D.Includes bibliographical referencesIncludes vitaby Aparna Krishna
Automatic quantification of cell viability in hippocampal organotypic cultures
No full textTraumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a leading cause of disability with many different types of forces. Because the brain is made of up interconnected nerve cells, injury from one area of brain can easily spread throughout the rest of the brain. In order to study this effect in this paper, we use hippocampal organotypic cell cultures. To analyze how secondary and further injury is spread in the brain due to TBI, specific regions of interest are outlined using bright-field microscopy images and analyzed for cell death through fluorescent images. Because of the bias in segmenting these specific regions, and the darkening of bright-field images from necrosis, there is a need for the development of an automatic cell viability analysis method. We first create silhouette masks identifying the area of the hippocampus within the bright-field images. Then, we align these masks of these images between two time points – one before experimentation and another 24 hours after lab experimentation - using Mattes Mutual Information registration to help analyze corresponding regions between time points. We also use relative intensity gradients and contrast enhancement to help isolate the specific regions of interest within the hippocampus, and then aligned the regions of interest between time points using the transformation discovered through the registration process. Finally, we look within these extracted regions for cell viability in fluorescent images taken after experimentation and calculate the ratio between the area of the fluorescent region extracted and the area of the segmented region. Comparing the results from this method with manual segmentation by experienced users, we discover an average of 12% error in segmentation and 2% error in registration. The overall method took an average of 7 minutes per image, which compared to the time it takes complete manually, allows users to conserve time and prevent user-to-user bias in segmentation.M.S.Includes bibliographical referencesby Aparna Kanna
(Re)moving waste: caste, spaces, and materials in Delhi
No full textDelhi is faced with a burgeoning growth of discarded materials—commonly referred to as waste. This rapid increase is characterised by chaos and disorder in the management of waste. This thesis examines the disorder and its effects through the lens of materials, spaces, time, people, and infrastructures involved in the flow of waste through the city. I focus on three waste-related sites in Delhi—Balmiki colonies, the Bhalswa landfill, and recycling units in north-west Delhi—and show how discarded materials acquire different meanings in different contexts and subsequently shape the caste-, class-, and gender- based social relations and the social and economic value associated with waste work and waste workers. I demonstrate this by focusing on the technocratic infrastructure of waste management and by examining the human and caste-based infrastructure of waste management. I show how the growing privatisation of the waste management infrastructure and the use of technology alongside the Clean India Campaign are projected as symbols of modernity and cleanliness and are used to invisibilise the human and environmental dimensions of the waste crisis for political and economic profit. Simultaneously, I focus on waste workers—municipal sanitation workers, public private partnership-led garbage collectors, informal waste pickers, and recyclers—to demonstrate the varying nature of stigma, discrimination, and evaluation of waste work and waste workers. I illustrate how urban marginality has pushed not only Scheduled Caste communities’ workers but also many non-Scheduled Caste communities, such as Muslim and Hindu OBCs, into waste work, transforming their social relations and caste hierarchies at a micro level. Furthermore, I examine how the value of waste work varies from being reproductive (city’s livability) to productive (generating exchange value in waste materials), across different spatio-temporal axes and value chains, and how that shapes the way waste workers perceive themselves and their work
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