122,106 research outputs found
Increased cholinergic contractions of jejunal smooth muscle caused by a high cholesterol diet are prevented by the 5-HTagonist – tegaserod-2
No full text<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Increased cholinergic contractions of jejunal smooth muscle caused by a high cholesterol diet are prevented by the 5-HTagonist – tegaserod"</p><p>BMC Gastroenterology 2006;6():8-8.</p><p>Published online 23 Feb 2006</p><p>PMCID:PMC1434748.</p><p>Copyright © 2006 Mathison and Shaffer; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.</p>ground squirrel fed either a low (0.027%; A) or a high (1%; B) cholesterol diet. Hexamethonium was added to the jejunal tissue segments 10 min before constructing a cumulative dose-response curve to the cholinergic agonist, carbachol. N = 5–6
Increased cholinergic contractions of jejunal smooth muscle caused by a high cholesterol diet are prevented by the 5-HTagonist – tegaserod-0
No full text<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Increased cholinergic contractions of jejunal smooth muscle caused by a high cholesterol diet are prevented by the 5-HTagonist – tegaserod"</p><p>BMC Gastroenterology 2006;6():8-8.</p><p>Published online 23 Feb 2006</p><p>PMCID:PMC1434748.</p><p>Copyright © 2006 Mathison and Shaffer; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.</p> vs. enriched (1%; High) cholesterol diet for animals treated with either vehicle (A) or tegaserod (B). Cumulative dose-response curve to carbachol were constructed. * High greater than Low (P < 0.05); N = 8–9
Increased cholinergic contractions of jejunal smooth muscle caused by a high cholesterol diet are prevented by the 5-HTagonist – tegaserod-1
No full text<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Increased cholinergic contractions of jejunal smooth muscle caused by a high cholesterol diet are prevented by the 5-HTagonist – tegaserod"</p><p>BMC Gastroenterology 2006;6():8-8.</p><p>Published online 23 Feb 2006</p><p>PMCID:PMC1434748.</p><p>Copyright © 2006 Mathison and Shaffer; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.</p> & D) cholesterol diet. The animals were treated with either vehicle (A & B) or tegaserod (C & D). The action potential blocker tetrodotoxin (TTX; 10M) was added to the jejunal tissue segments 10 min before constructing a cumulative dose-response curve to the cholinergic agonist, carbachol. * TTX greater than No TTX (P < 0.05). N = 8–9
A Multi-Language Comparison of Influences on Author Verification using Character N-Grams
No full textWe create a new multi-language corpus for author verification based on Wikipedia talkpages, and evaluate the influence that differences in topic and time have on character n-gram author profiles. Topic alignment between two texts is found to increase author verification precision, and an authors writing style is found to change over time, but not more significantly after 3 years than after 1 year.Information ArchitectureWISElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The vanishing author in computer-generated works: a critical analysis of recent Australian case law
No full textAbstract
The use of software is ubiquitous in the creation of many copyright works, yet the requirement in copyright law that every work have a human author who engages in independent intellectual effort means that its use may prevent copyright subsistence. Several recent Australian cases have refocused attention on authorship as an essential criterion of copyright subsistence, and these cases suggest that much computer-produced output may be authorless and thus lack copyright protection. This article, the first in a two-part series, analyses how each case deals with the question of authorship of computer-produced works and why the use of software diminishes copyright protection for a significant number of computer-generated works. The article critiques the application of conventional notions of human authorship developed in the pre-computer age to modern productions and suggests alternative approaches to authorship that satisfy both the major objectives of copyright policy and the need to adapt to the computer age. The article argues that, without a broader judicial approach to authorship of computer-generated works, Parliament must remedy the lacuna in protection for these ‘authorless’ works. Possible solutions for reform are suggested. In a forthcoming article, the author comprehensively examines those reform proposals
Diffusive author(s), cohesive author: Analysis of S/N (1994)
No full textThis study indicates the ways in which various aspects of the author(s) are brought forth in Dumb type’s performance art, the S/N production. Previous research has suggested a non-hierarchical organization of Dumb type and the absence of a “privileged author” in Dumb type’s collaborative work, S/N. However, the results that I have investigated from member’s interviews on the creative process of S/N along with my analysis of the recorded images of S/N, indicate a different aspect of the author(s). First, S/N was created through, so to speak, the collective ideas of the members of Dumb type. Further, S/N has at least nine quotations from previous performances, installations, and printed writings, besides the work-in-progress technique. Explicating one of the “author functions” as given by Michel Foucault, each text has plural subjects of the author. However, it has been revealed from members’ interviews that Teiji Furuhashi had a decision-making role in selecting the members’ ideas within the performance. Since then, S/N has had plural subjects of creation; however, Furuhashi is one of the subjects of creation along with the “privileged author.” S/N has plural authors (diffusive authors) yet at the same time, it has a “privileged author,” Teiji Furuhashi (cohesive author)
Increased cholinergic contractions of jejunal smooth muscle caused by a high cholesterol diet are prevented by the 5-HTagonist – tegaserod-3
No full text<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Increased cholinergic contractions of jejunal smooth muscle caused by a high cholesterol diet are prevented by the 5-HTagonist – tegaserod"</p><p>BMC Gastroenterology 2006;6():8-8.</p><p>Published online 23 Feb 2006</p><p>PMCID:PMC1434748.</p><p>Copyright © 2006 Mathison and Shaffer; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.</p>w) vs. enriched (1%; High) cholesterol diet for animals treated with vehicle. (B) Effects of tetrodotoxin (TTX) on cholinergic contractions of the ileum of ground squirrels fed a high (1%) cholesterol diet and treated with vehicle. The action potential blocker tetrodotoxin (TTX; 10M) was added to the jejunal tissue segments 10 min before constructing a cumulative dose-response curve to the cholinergic agonist, carbachol. N = 8–9
Hydroformylation in fluorous biphasic media
No full textThe hydroformylation of oct-1-ene is investigated under fluorous biphasic conditions, utilising the facile catalyst recovery that is provided by the temperature dependent miscibility of the perfluorinated solvent with normal organic solvents. High conversions and selectivities have been obtained in the batch process and the system is now described under continuous-flow conditions in a custom built reactor.
The continuous-flow reactor was successfully run for 46 hours, with conversions to nonanal of 60% and l:b ratios of approximately 10.
To understand the mechanism of this reaction more fully, a spectroscopic study of the catalyst formation and hydroformylation reaction was undertaken, using high-pressure infrared (HPIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (HPNMR) techniques. The results of this study showed that although there is some effect of the strongly electron withdrawing nature of the perfluorinated ligand, the species formed under reaction conditions are very similar to those formed under the analogous triphenylphosphine system. It was found that under reaction conditions the perfluorinated ligand formed both the bis- and tris- phosphine complexes, compared to triphenylphosphine, which only formed the bis-phosphine complexes. The equatorial-equatorial and equatorial-axial isomers of [RhH(CO)₂(P(C₆H₄C₆F₁₃)₃)₂] were identified by means of a deuterium study in the HPIR spectrometer.
The low levels of phosphorus and rhodium leaching to the organic phase were attributed to the predominant formation of [RhH(CO)(P(C₆H₄C₆F₁₃)₃)₃] under ambient pressure and temperature (separator conditions) indicated by a well defined quartet in the metal hydride region of the ¹H NMR spectrum
Dissipative Range Scaling of Higher Order Structure Functions for Velocity and Passive Scalars
No full textDifferently to Kolmogorov's second similarity hypothesis, we find that the 2n-th order velocity and scalar structure functions scale with n-th order moment of the energy dissipation and the scalar dissipation, respectively. The origins of this scaling are analyzed by the transport equations of the fourth order velocity and scalar increment moments and by direct numerical simulations
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