551 research outputs found
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A study of John Clare in his historical and political context
No full textAs the title indicates, the basis of the thesis is to set John Clare’s life and work within the context of the social and political history of his time. It is a study that is long overdue. The manner in which topical and political matters were mediated to him and were reflected in his work are analysed. His introduction to the literary and social worlds of Stamford and London is evaluated, and the advantages and disadvantages of patronage assessed. The active and complex political culture of Stamford has been taken into account as this may have affected his later political statements and a growing awareness of his audience. His antagonism to enclosure and the social changes that it engendered are considered. Three major questions that arise from this are addressed. The two local newspapers that Clare is known to have read are used throughout. His correspondence with friends, colleagues and casual correspondents has provided valuable insights as have his poetry and prose writings. Research in the Northamptonshire Record Office has revealed important new information in the form of one book of Enclosure Commissioners’ Minutes dated 1809-14, the first five years of the enclosure of Helpstone, Clare’s native village
Progress and Distress on the Stratford Estate in Clare during the Eighteen Forties
No full textIn the late 1980s and early 1990s, the author acquired about 30,000 letters written mainly in the 1840s. These pertained to estates throughout Ireland managed by James Robert Stewart and Joseph Kincaid, hereafter denoted SK. Until the letters - called the SK correspondence in what follows - became the author’s property, they had not seen light of day since the 1840s. Addressed mainly to the SK office in Dublin, they were written mainly by landlords, tenants, the partners in SK, local agents, etc. After about 200 years in operation as a land agency, the firm in which members of the Stewart family were the principal partners - Messrs J. R. Stewart & Son(s) from the mid-1880s onwards -- ceased business in the mid-1980s. Since 1994 the author has been researching the SK correspondence of the 1840s. It gives many new insights into economic and social conditions in Ireland during the decade of the great famine, and into the operation of Ireland’s most important land agency during those years. It is intended ultimately to publish details on several of the estates managed by SK in book form. The proposed title is Landlords, Tenants, Famine: Business of an Irish Land Agency in the 1840s, a draft of which has now been completed. A majority of the letters in the larger study from which the present article is drawn are on themes some of which one might expect - rents, distraint (seizure of assets in lieu of rent) ; ‘voluntary’ surrender of land in return for ‘compensation’ upon peacefully quitting; formal ejectment (a matter of last resort on estates managed by SK); landlord-assisted emigration (on a scale much more extensive than most historians of Ireland in the 1840s appear to believe); petitions from tenants; complaints by tenants, both about other tenants and local agents; major works of improvement (on almost all of the estates managed by SK); applications by SK, on behalf of proprietors, for government loans to finance improvements; recommendations of agricultural advisers hired by SK, ete. Thus, most of the SK correspondence is about aspects of estate management. It seems, in the 1840s, that the only estate in Clare managed by SK was that of the elderly Col. Stratford. Although the files on the relatively small Stratford estate are much less extensive than those on some of the estates investigated in detail in the draft of Landlords, Tenants, Famine, they do refer to most of the core aspects of estate management mentioned above. But in the case of the Clare estate, the material on some of those themes is extremely thin.
Hydroformylation in fluorous biphasic media
No full textThe hydroformylation of oct-1-ene is investigated under fluorous biphasic conditions, utilising the facile catalyst recovery that is provided by the temperature dependent miscibility of the perfluorinated solvent with normal organic solvents. High conversions and selectivities have been obtained in the batch process and the system is now described under continuous-flow conditions in a custom built reactor.
The continuous-flow reactor was successfully run for 46 hours, with conversions to nonanal of 60% and l:b ratios of approximately 10.
To understand the mechanism of this reaction more fully, a spectroscopic study of the catalyst formation and hydroformylation reaction was undertaken, using high-pressure infrared (HPIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (HPNMR) techniques. The results of this study showed that although there is some effect of the strongly electron withdrawing nature of the perfluorinated ligand, the species formed under reaction conditions are very similar to those formed under the analogous triphenylphosphine system. It was found that under reaction conditions the perfluorinated ligand formed both the bis- and tris- phosphine complexes, compared to triphenylphosphine, which only formed the bis-phosphine complexes. The equatorial-equatorial and equatorial-axial isomers of [RhH(CO)₂(P(C₆H₄C₆F₁₃)₃)₂] were identified by means of a deuterium study in the HPIR spectrometer.
The low levels of phosphorus and rhodium leaching to the organic phase were attributed to the predominant formation of [RhH(CO)(P(C₆H₄C₆F₁₃)₃)₃] under ambient pressure and temperature (separator conditions) indicated by a well defined quartet in the metal hydride region of the ¹H NMR spectrum
The life and works of Osbert of Clare
No full textOsbert of Clare was an English monastic writer, whose works extended from
the mid-1120s to the mid-1150s. His Latin hagiography reflects a deep admiration for
Anglo-Saxon saints and spirituality, while his letters provide a personal perspective
on his turbulent career. As prior of Westminster Abbey, Osbert of Clare worked to
strengthen the rights and prestige of his monastery. His production of forged or
altered charters makes him one of England's most prolific medieval forgers. At times
his passion for reform put him at odds with his abbots, and he was sent into exile
under both Abbot Herbert (1121-c.1136) and Abbot Gervase (1138-c.1157). Also
Osbert, as one of the first proponents of the Immaculate Conception of Mary, wrote
about the feast, worked to legitimize its celebration, and provided us with the only
significant narration of its introduction to England.
This thesis is divided into two sections. The first section is principally
historical and the second is principally literary. In the first section, I provide an
overview of Osbert of Clare's career and examine in greater detail two of his most
significant undertaking: his promotion of Westminster Abbey and his attempted
canonization of Edward the Confessor. In the second section, I give a philological
study of Osbert Latin style and examine themes that nm throughout his writings, such
as virginity, exile and kingship. Osbert's promotion of the feast of the Immaculate
Conception is included in the second section of the thesis because of its ties to the
themes of virginity and femininity within his writings. There are also two appendices:
the first is a survey of the extant manuscripts of Osbert's writings, and the second is
an edition of Osbert's unpublished Life of St Ethelbert from Gotha,
Forschungsbibliothek MS Memb. i. 8l
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“Unknowingness” as a Route to Distributed Leadership [Video]
No full textProfessor Clare Rigg, PhD, University of Suffolk, discusses unknowingness as a route to distributed leadership, including three inter-related aspects, sensitivity and negative aspects for organizations, and heroic leadership.
[This video is an interview with one co-author about the paper: Bloomfield, S., Rigg, C., & Vince, R. (2024). ‘I don’t know what’s going on’: Theorising the relationship between unknowingness and distributed leadership. Human Relations, https://doi.org/10.1177/00187267231218630
An ethnography of tourism and traditional Irish music in Doolin, Ireland
No full textThis thesis is an ethnographic study of the complex interplay between tourism and traditional Irish music based on fourteen months of fieldwork in Doolin, County Clare, Ireland between June 2002 and August 2003. The historical development of traditional Irish music and the localised tourist industry have become conjoined during the last three decades, and as a result the music and the idea of Doolin as a 'place' have become institutionalised and consolidated. This has further led to the development of a complex socioeconomic structure surrounding the music, its performance, and its commercialisation and consumption. The local social structure has also become complicated and internationalised. Specifically, the locale has seen a significant growth in the 'incomer' population, called 'blow-ins'. Blow-ins in this case have in fact become the inheritors and propagators of the local music scene, but this causes surprisingly little cognitive dissonance or tension between locals and incomers. This is despite the fact that the music is the raison d'etre of the local tourism industry. I propose that those incomers who successfully inherit and propagate the local music become assets to the cultural capital of the village, not a drain on it. Moreover, I suggest that the 'authenticity' of the music is not an ascribed quality but interdependently related to social status, seasonality, one’s relationship with the music, context, and phenomenologically inter subjective relations. By means of holistic anthropological research, this thesis attempts to refine our understanding of complex social relations in touristed destinations, the appropriation of musical 'traditions', and sharpen current anthropological theories surrounding the issues of 'authenticity' and globalisation
Efficient preservation of young terrestrial organic carbon in sandy turbidity-current deposits
No full text© The Author(s), 2020. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Hage, S., Galy, V. V., Cartigny, M. J. B., Acikalin, S., Clare, M. A., Grocke, D. R., Hilton, R. G., Hunt, J. E., Lintern, D. G., McGhee, C. A., Parsons, D. R., Stacey, C. D., Sumner, E. J., & Talling, P. J. Efficient preservation of young terrestrial organic carbon in sandy turbidity-current deposits. Geology, 48(9), (2020): 882-887, doi:10.1130/G47320.1.Burial of terrestrial biospheric particulate organic carbon in marine sediments removes CO2 from the atmosphere, regulating climate over geologic time scales. Rivers deliver terrestrial organic carbon to the sea, while turbidity currents transport river sediment further offshore. Previous studies have suggested that most organic carbon resides in muddy marine sediment. However, turbidity currents can carry a significant component of coarser sediment, which is commonly assumed to be organic carbon poor. Here, using data from a Canadian fjord, we show that young woody debris can be rapidly buried in sandy layers of turbidity current deposits (turbidites). These layers have organic carbon contents 10× higher than the overlying mud layer, and overall, woody debris makes up >70% of the organic carbon preserved in the deposits. Burial of woody debris in sands overlain by mud caps reduces their exposure to oxygen, increasing organic carbon burial efficiency. Sandy turbidity current channels are common in fjords and the deep sea; hence we suggest that previous global organic carbon burial budgets may have been underestimated.We thank C. Johnson, M. Lardie, A. Gagnon, A. McNichol, and the NOSAMS (National Ocean Sciences Accelerator Mass Spectrometry) team (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution [WHOI], Massachusetts, USA) for their help with ramped oxidation system and isotopes. We thank the captain and crew of CCGS Vector. Support was provided by UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) grants NE/M007138/1 (to Cartigny) and NE/L013142/1 (to Talling), NE/P005780/1 and NE/P009190/1 (to Clare); a Royal Society Research Fellowship (to Cartigny); an International Association of Sedimentologists Postgraduate Grant and National Oceanography Centre Southampton–WHOI exchange program funds (to Hage); an independent study award from WHOI (to Galy); the Climate Linked Atlantic Sector Science (CLASS) program (NERC grant NE/R015953/1); and the European Research Council under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (Grant 725955, to Parsons). We thank François Baudin, Xingqian Cui, editor James Schmitt, and three anonymous reviewers
Clare data
No full textSequences generated from guano collected from the bat Myotis lucifugus. Please contact the corresponding author for details regarding the appropriate use of these data
Xaymaca fulvopulvis R D E Macphee & Clare Flemming 2003, new species
No full text<i>Xaymaca fulvopulvis</i>, new species <p>HOLOTYPE AND ONLY REFERRED SPECIMEN: AMNHM 268011, a left hemimandible retaining the incisor (presumptive i1) and excessively worn p4 (figs. 7–11). Recovered (but not then identified) in January 1995 by the senior author with the assistance of Lisa DeNault, Don McFarlane, and Alan and Adam Fincham.</p> <p>TYPE LOCALITY: Brown Dust Passage of Drum Cave, near Entrance #3 (fig. 1). Drum Cave, part of the ‘‘upper’’ sequence of the ~ 10 km Jackson’s Bay cave system (Fincham, 1997), is located on the south slope of Portland Ridge near Jackson’s Bay, in the southernmost part of Clarendon Parish, Jamaica. Entrance #3 is located at approximately 17°44'05̎N, 77°13'15̎W.</p> <p>ASSOCIATED FAUNA AND DISTRIBUTION: A provisional vertebrate faunal list for late Quaternary levels in the Portland Ridge (Jackson’s Bay) caves has been assembled by McFarlane et al. (2002). The birds, which include some extinct forms, were identified and are now under study by Storrs Olson (Smithsonian Institution). Mammalian taxa recovered in Brown Dust Passage are either extant or survived until very recently (MacPhee and Horovitz, in press).</p> <p> The most significant agent of small­mammal bone concentration in Jamaican cave deposits is the extant barn owl, <i>Tyto alba</i>. Since <i>Xaymaca</i> is evidently rare in such deposits, perhaps its size or behavior made it unlikely to be tracked by owls. <i>Quemisia gravis</i>, a relatively large species, is likewise known from very few specimens (McFarlane et al., 2000), although in Hispaniolan localities remains of other endemic rodents are encountered in great abundance (Woods, 1989b).</p> <p>ETYMOLOGY: Species name (‘‘of the brown dust’’) is a manufactured Latin adjective in the nominative singular in agreement with the genus name. Reference is to type locality, Brown Dust Passage of Drum Cave.</p> <p> DIAGNOSIS: Hystricognathous, lower premolar cylindriform and apparently hypselodont, showing marked apical hypertrophy. Other cheekteeth probably also cylindriform and hypselodont. Inferred features of cheektooth root development closest (among Antillean caviidans) to heptaxodontines <i>Amblyrhiza</i> and <i>Elasmodontomys</i>. Attributes of cheektooth ontogeny, alveolar construction, incisor procumbency, and other minor features are consistent with tentative allocation to Heptaxodontinae (family incertae sedis).</p> <p> The jaw is hystricognathous because its angular process is morphologically lateral to a parasagittal plane drawn through the incisor alveolar sheath (Landry, 1957). Cheektooth crown morphology not yet known. As may be seen plainly in figure 9 (bottom), the shape of the deeply striated p4 and the structure of the alveoli for m1–m 3 in <i>Geocapromys brownii</i> immediately rule out referral to this taxon, the only extant hystricognath on the island and the only endemic of any age in the new species’ body size range. Not an echimyid, because cheekteeth of all known species of Antillean spiny rats exhibit furcated roots, prominent cervix, and deep enamel infolds. Not a clidomyine, because all known clidomyines are far too large to be confused with the new taxon and in any case exhibit a substantially different tooth pattern.</p> <p> EXCAVATION RECORD AND DATING: Detailed discussion of the stratigraphy, dating protocols, and chronology of the secondary deposits in Drum and associated caves is presented by McFarlane et al. (2002). The following remarks pertain to discovery of the <i>Xaymaca</i> holotype.</p> <p> Pit 2, which yielded the holotype, was first opened in January 1995 and subsequently extended in July and September 1996. This relatively large amount of attention given to one site in one cave was warranted because the pit also yielded a well­preserved humerus of the extinct endemic monkey <i>Xenothrix mcgregori</i> and a number of jaws of the equally extinct endemic rice rat <i>Oryzomys antillarum</i>. The pit is located near Entrance #3, a major collapse feature (fig. 1). Excavations exposed ~ 1 m of deposits that have entered the cave through the collapse. A loose surface layer of limestone fragments, cave earth, and modern owl pellet debris 20 cm thick is underlain by a discontinuous calcite layer (<2 cm). This calcite caps a distinctive and sharply delineated dark­brown layer of subfossil bat guano 34 cm thick, designated ‘‘Guano I’’, beneath which 6 cm of limestone fragments, clay, and huge concentrations of bone extend down to a second guano layer (3 cm thick) designated ‘‘Guano II’’. Beneath this, material extends to a solid calcite floor at 125 cm below surface, beyond which excavation did not continue.</p> <p> The enormous quantity of lightly cement­ ed small bones present in parts of Pit 2 formed a ‘‘bone cake’’ that had to be broken out and divided by hand. In this situation, dry screening was the only feasible method of recovering specimens. On the screen, representative samples of lizards, snakes, bats, and <i>Geocapromys</i> were collected by handpicking, but much material was also simply bagged for later identification. The jaw which became the holotype specimen of <i>Xaymaca</i> was missed on the screen and was not recognized as distinctive until we sorted the material at the AMNH in New York.</p> <p> Bone is present throughout the Brown Dust Passage section, but bone recovered from the Guano I and II horizons (including the <i>Xaymaca</i> holotype) is invariably and characteristically stained a deep brown color not seen in other layers. Thus, although it is known that AMNHM 268011 came from a ~12­cm interval between the bottom of Guano I and the bottom of the thin Guano II horizon, its stratigraphic position cannot be fixed more firmly. Fortunately, however, its temporal position can be fixed with considerable accuracy. Radiocarbon dating of the acid­insoluble organic component (crude chitin) of Guano I provided isotopically corrected dates of 10,250 ± 80, 11,050 ± 70, and 11,260 ± 80 BP in correct stratigraphic sequence; similarly, Guano II dated to 11,980 ± 80 BP (see McFarlane et al., 2002). Thus although there is some uncertainty about the exact position of the holotype within Pit 2, its age can be fixed as lying between 10,090 – 11,420 BP (2 sigma error), or the terminal part of the late Pleistocene. Improved constraints on the ‘‘last occurrence’’ date for Fig. 7.</p>Published as part of <i>MacPhee, R. D. E. & Flemming, Clare, 2003, A Possible Heptaxodontine and Other Caviidan Rodents from the Quaternary of Jamaica, pp. 1-43 in American Museum Novitates 3422</i> on pages 16-17, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2003)422<0001:aphaoc>2.0.co;2, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/5056742">http://zenodo.org/record/5056742</a>
Clare data
No full textSequences generated from guano collected from the bat Myotis lucifugus. Please contact the corresponding author for details regarding the appropriate use of these data
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