92,844 research outputs found
Speech-Language Pathology and Spiritual Care
No full textMathisen, B.A. & Threats, T. (2018). Speech-Language Pathology and Spiritual Care. In: Carey, L.B. & Mathisen, B.A. Spiritual Care for Allied Health Practice: A Person-Centered Approach (Chapter 2: pp: 22-54). London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers [ISBN 9781785922206]. [https://www.jkp.com/uk/spiritual-care-and-allied-health-practice-2.html].Summary: In this chapter it is argued that spiritual or religious care can be included as part of the role of a speech-language pathologist (where appropriate) including the use of spiritual care screening and referral to ensure appropriate holistic care that is person-centred is forthcoming.</p
Speech-Language Pathology and Spiritual Care
No full textMathisen, B.A. & Threats, T. (2018). Speech-Language Pathology and Spiritual Care. In: Carey, L.B. & Mathisen, B.A. Spiritual Care for Allied Health Practice: A Person-Centered Approach (Chapter 2: pp: 22-54). London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers [ISBN 9781785922206]. [https://www.jkp.com/uk/spiritual-care-and-allied-health-practice-2.html].Summary: In this chapter it is argued that spiritual or religious care can be included as part of the role of a speech-language pathologist (where appropriate) including the use of spiritual care screening and referral to ensure appropriate holistic care that is person-centred is forthcoming.</p
Fiscal policies and car choices in Italy and Norway: A scenario analysis based on a stated-preference survey
No full textNorwegian and Italian car drivers make very different car choices. This paper investigates the influence of fiscal policies on car buyers’ choices, using data collected from a stated preference survey conducted in 2021. After estimating a joint random parameter logit model, we simulated the market shares of five car powertrains under three scenarios: “Italian car buyers face the same net purchase car prices and fuel\electricity costs as the Norwegian car drivers and vice versa”, “Italy adopts the Norwegian registration tax”, and “Both Italy and Norway adopt a social cost internalizing registration tax”. The results indicate that Italian car users are reluctant to switch to battery electric cars (BEVs). They would choose BEVs more frequently in the three scenarios envisaged but without reaching the corresponding Norwegian levels. If Italy would adopt the Norwegian registration tax system, BEVs’ market share would gain 5.4 percentage points relative to the baseline scenario, while under the social cost internalizing scenario, BEVs’ market share would improve by 3.4 and PHEVs’ one by 0.2 percentage points. On the contrary, Norwegians are BEV-oriented and would comparatively preserve a high BEV share. In the social cost internalization scenario, the BEV share relative to the baseline scenario would decrease by 7.2 percentage points, petrol cars would gain 1.2, HEVs 2.9, PHEVs 3.4, and diesel cars would lose 0.3 percentage points. In general, there seems to be a lock-in or path dependence effect that limits BEV penetration in Italy and prevents the decline of the BEV share in Norway
Panel data analysis of operating costs in the Norwegian car ferry industry
No full textAuthor's accepted version (postprint).This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in Maritime Economics & Logistics (2012). The definitive publisher-authenticated version Mathisen, T. A. & Jørgensen, F. (2012). Panel data analysis of operating costs in the Norwegian car ferry industry. Maritime Economics & Logistics, 14(2), 249-263. doi: 10.1057/mel.2012.2 is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1057/mel.2012.
Measuring industry-science links through inventor-author relations: A profiling method
No full textIn this pilot study we examine the performance of text-based profiling in recovering a set of validated inventor-author links. In a first step we match patents and publications solely based on their similarity in content. Next, we compare inventor and author names on the highest ranked matches for the occurrence of name matches. Finally, we compare these candidate matches with the names listed in a validated set of inventor-author names. Our text-based profile methodology performs significantly better than a random matching of patents and publications, suggesting that text-based profiling is a valuable complementary tool to the name searches used in previous studies.innovation; industry-science links; text-based profiling;
Nonhelical inverse transfer of a decaying turbulent magnetic field
No full textIn the presence of magnetic helicity, inverse transfer from small to large scales is well known in magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence and has applications in astrophysics, cosmology, and fusion plasmas. Using high resolution direct numerical simulations of magnetically dominated self-similarly decaying MHD turbulence, we report a similar inverse transfer even in the absence of magnetic helicity. We compute for the first time spectral energy transfer rates to show that this inverse transfer is about half as strong as with helicity, but in both cases the magnetic gain at large scales results from velocity at similar scales interacting with smaller-scale magnetic fields. This suggests that both inverse transfers are a consequence of a universal mechanisms for magnetically dominated turbulence. Possible explanations include inverse cascading of the mean squared vector potential associated with local near two-dimensionality and the shallower k^2 subinertial range spectrum of kinetic energy forcing the magnetic field with a k^4 subinertial range to attain larger-scale coherence. The inertial range shows a clear k^{-2} spectrum and is the first example of fully isotropic magnetically dominated MHD turbulence exhibiting weak turbulence scaling
Settling of finite-size particles in isotropically forced, homogeneous turbulence: interface-resolved simulations
No full textWe have simulated the gravity-induced settling of finite-size particles in a turbulent background flow which is forced in a statistically-stationary fashion. The simulations are accurately resolving the solid-fluid interface with the aid of an immersed boundary technique [1]. The parameters of the simulation are (apart from background turbulence) identical to those of reference [2], where particle clustering was observed at a Galileo number of 178 and a solid volume fraction of 0.005. In the present case, it is found that a relative turbulence intensity of 0.24 leads to the disappearance of the clusters; as a consequence, the increase in average particle settling velocity found in [2] also vanishes. [1] M. Uhlmann. An immersed boundary method with direct forcing for the simulation of particulate flows. J. Comput. Phys., 209(2):448–476, 2005. [2] M. Uhlmann and T. Doychev. Sedimentation of a dilute suspension of rigid spheres at intermediate Galileo numbers: the effect of clustering upon the particle motion. J. Fluid Mech., 752:310–348, 2014
A randomized controlled trial of physical exercise- and dietary therapy versus cognitive behavior therapy: Treatment effects for women with bulimia nervosa or binge eating disorder
No full textAvhandling (doktorgrad) - Norges idrettshøgskole, 2018Background: Eating disorders (EDs) are among the top ten of the gender and age adjusted global burden of diseases in terms of poor quality of life, affecting young women in particular. Less than half of the persons with bulimia nervosa (BN) or binge eating disorder (BED) are detected and offered treatment for their ED in primary care. Besides low detection rate; low mental health literacy, and long waitlists for special care are important causes to this scenario. Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) is recognized as the preferred evidence based treatment option for BN and BED, still more than 60% do not fully abstain from symptoms. There is a need to explore new treatment options that circumvent the challenges with low treatment access and poor remission rate. Evidence suggest that regular physical activity effectively prevents and treats physical- and mental morbidity and mortality, contributing to improvements in quality of life. Physical activity is however, rarely incorporated in treatment of EDs out of fear of exacerbating the compulsive and excessive nature of exercise in patients for compensatory or affect regulation purposes.
Objectives: To evaluate the effect of a new treatment method for women with BN or BED, combining guided physical exercise and dietary therapy (PED-t), being offered as group therapy. The novel treatment method was compared to the effect of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), and a waitlist control group. The first paper describes the rationale for, and the specific study protocol from the PED-t trial. The second paper describes the physical fitness in women with BN or BED more thoroughly than previously in the literature. In the third paper we investigated the effect from PED-t or CBT on compulsive exercise and level of physical activity. In the fourth paper we investigated the effect from PED-t or CBT on remission from ED, ED-symptomology, and measures of mood and quality of life.
Methods: During 2014-2016 totally 187 women with BN or BED, aged 18-40 and with BMI 17.5-35 were enrolled in this RCT, and allocated to PED-t (n=82) or CBT (n=82), or temporarily placed in a waitlist control group (n=23). Effect from 16 weeks of treatment by either CBT or PED-t, or being in control group, was evaluated and compared at baseline (T1), post-test (T2) and follow-up periods (6 months, T3, and 12 months, T4). Outcomes were blood pressure, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), muscle strength (1RM), physical activity, body composition, compulsive exercise (CE), remission from diagnosis, and alleviation of ED-symptoms (by EDE-q) and comorbidity. Measures were by cardiopulmonary exercise testing, 1RM strength tests, DXA, objective registration of physical activity, and questionnaires.
Results: In total 156 met for baseline screening, of whom 103 were diagnosed with BN and 53 with BED. Overall, participants with BN or BED displayed adequate physical fitness; however, a high number had high blood pressure, low CRF and unfavorable body composition. The number of randomized participants (n=164) that met for therapy was 149, of whom 112 completed treatment (32% drop out). Dropouts and completers were different by a lower mean (CI95) score for depression amongst completers (-3.08 -5.95, -0.21, g=0.39, p=0.035), and significantly more from CBT were lost to follow-up at T3 and T4 compared to PED-t. About 40-70% of all participants scored above clinical cut-off in the compulsive exercise test (CET) at baseline. CBT and PED-t were equally effective in reducing compulsive exercise after 16 weeks of treatment (P < 0.01, Hedges g ~ 0.4), with sustained long-term effects (T3-T4). The proportion of participants that complied with the official recommendation for physical activity (~47%) neither changed following treatment, nor emerged different between the therapy arms. After treatment mean EDE-q global score improved more in the PED-t group compared to the CBT group (-0.66, [CI99 -1.23, -0.1], g=0.52, p <0.003) and to the control group (-1.15, [CI99 -1.97, -0.34], g=1.00, p<0.001), whereas CBT did not differ from the control group (-0.49 [CI99-1.32, 0.34], g=0.48, p=0.12). Numbers in full- or partial remission were higher in PED-t (29.0% and 19.7%) and CBT (12.4% and 16.7%) compared to control (0.1% and 5.6%), p<0.004. Both therapies resulted in significant improvement in life quality, but mood rating only improved in PED-t with shortlived effect. Long-term effects (T3-T4) from therapies were equally successful in remission rates, alleviation from ED-symptoms and improvements in quality of life.
Conclusions: The finding of a high number with impaired physical fitness calls for inclusion of physical fitness evaluation in routine clinical examinations, and for guided physical activity and dietary therapy in the treatment of BN and BED. Both indirect (CBT) and direct (PED-t) approaches may be successful in reducing CE with sustained long-term effect. Neither approaches raised the level of physical activity or compliance with official recommendations for physical activity, hence a need to increase mean physical activity towards healthy levels remains unsolved. The therapeutic effect from PED-t was comparable to the current preferred therapy (CBT), hence it may be an alternative pathway to recovery from BN and BED. A high availability of professionals within exercise medicine and dietetics may attract new segments of ED patients and circumvent the poor access to mental health services.Paper I: Mathisen, Therese Fostervold; Rosenvinge, Jan H; Pettersen, Gunn; Friborg, Oddgeir; Vrabel, Kari-Anne; Bratland-Sanda, Solfrid; Svendsen, Mette; Stensrud, Trine; Bakland, Maria; Wynn, Rolf; Sundgot-Borgen, Jorunn. The PED-t trial protocol: The effect of physical exercise –and dietary therapy compared with cognitive behavior therapy in treatment of bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. Study protocol of a randomized controlled trial. BMC Psychiatry 2017;17:180:1-11.Paper II: Mathisen, Therese Fostervold; Rosenvinge, Jan H; Pettersen, Gunn; Friborg, Oddgeir; Vrabel, Kari-Anne; Bratland-Sanda, Solfrid; Svendsen, Mette; Stensrud, Trine; Teinung, Elisabeth; Underhaug, Karoline; Hansen, Bjørge H.; Sundgot-Borgen, Jorunn. Body composition and physical fitness in women with bulimia nervosa or binge-eating disorder. Int J Eating Disorder 2018;51:331–342.Paper III: Mathisen, Therese Fostervold; Bratland-Sanda, Solfrid; Rosenvinge, Jan H; Friborg, Oddgeir; Vrabel, Kari-Anne; Pettersen, Gunn; Sundgot-Borgen, Jorunn. Treatment effects on compulsive exercise and physical activity in eating disorders. [submitted]Paper IV: Mathisen, Therese Fostervold; Rosenvinge, Jan H; Pettersen, Gunn; Friborg, Oddgeir; Vrabel, Kari-Anne; Bratland-Sanda, Solfrid; Sundgot-Borgen, Jorunn. Eating disorders can be treated with physical exercise and dietary therapy. A randomized controlled trial with 12 months follow-up. [submitted]Seksjon for idrettsmedisinske fag / Department of Sport Medicin
Wave turbulence of a rotating array of quantized vortices in the T → 0 temperature limit
No full textThe dynamics of quantized vortices in the zero temperature limit is currently of great interest, particularly in the case of the Fermi superfluid He-B. Here we study wave turbulence, generated by the librating motion of a rotating cylindrical container filled with He-B, in the limit of vanishing viscous forces at temperatures . The polarization of the quantized vortices with respect to the axis of rotation is measured using non-invasive NMR techniques. We observe a decrease of the polarization when the librating motion is started, and a two-stage relaxation process when the modulation of the rotation velocity is stopped. The first relaxation process is associated with the dissipation of large-scale flow stored in inertial waves and the solid body rotation of the vortex array. From the decay of these energy reservoirs we determine the rate of energy dissipation of large-scale flow. The later second process is related to the relaxation of Kelvin waves on individual vortices. This process is monitored by the recovery of the polarization. The existence of a Kelvin wave cascade at the lowest temperatures is currently a central open question. We supply some evidence for the cascade
Demonstrating Active Distribution Grids and Active Demand 
No full textActive distribution grids and active customers require a rethinking of ICT tools and architectures in order to connect systems, platforms and actors previously unable to exchange information across domains of the energy business. This paper presents results from an R&D project focusing on developing a reference architecture for an open smart grid middleware, able to cope with the wide range of services necessary to integrate both DSOs, retailers and consumers as well as new actors (such as aggregators and prosumers) to a common framework. Such a framework is necessary to develop, scale and design future energy-related services to customers and other relevant stakeholders in the energy system operation
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