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Neoephydra inca Mathis & Marinoni, 2016, sp. nov.
No full text17. Neoephydra inca sp. nov. Figs. 79–81, Map 17 Diagnosis. Specimens of N. inca are distinguished from similar congeners of the araucaria group by the following characters: appearance generally dark, particularly the legs; face moderately setose; gena high; and structures of male terminalia with distinctive conformation. Medium-sized to moderately large shore flies, body length 3.30– 4.60 mm; generally dull, grayish brown to gray with some subshiny areas dorsally. Head: Head ratio 0.72–0.74; frontal ratio 0.49–0.53; mesofrons with dark bluish green to greenish metallic luster, generally pilose laterally; ocellar triangle and parafrons nearly concolorous, microtomentose, brownish gray to charcoal gray; parafrons becoming more charcoal colored anteriorly; fronto-orbits with narrow strip through insertions of fronto-orbital setae subshiny, with some faint metallic luster, number of fronto-orbital setae usually 2. Antenna mostly concolorous, blackish brown. Facial ratio 0.97–1.03; mostly moderately setulose particularly along oral margin and toward posteroventral portions of face; dorsum of interfoveal hump with subshiny area more or less concolorous with mesofrons, otherwise face densely microtomentose, grayish brown to gray, paler along oral margin. Eye ratio 0.97–0.98; gena-to-eye ratio 0.51–0.53; gena high, coloration gray to whitish gray but with faint tinges of olivaceous green to brown posteriorly. Thorax: Mostly microtomentose; scutum mostly brown, darker and subshinier posteriorly; anterior margin microtomentose, especially postpronotum, gray to brownish gray; pleural areas paler, more gray colored especially ventrally; anepisternum with central area, dorsal and sometimes posterior margins brownish, otherwise mostly gray; other pleural areas including coxae whitish gray, although lighter, whitish ventrally. Wing length averaging 3.83–3.96 mm; mostly palely infuscate, faintly brown; costal vein ratio 0.26–0.29; M vein ratio 0.76–0.80. Legs dark generally; femora gray, microtomentose, only slightly darker than ventral pleural areas; tibiae and tarsi mostly concolorous, reddish yellow. Abdomen: Generally microtomentose and unicolorous, grayish olivaceous green to gray, becoming paler toward lateral margins, some specimens with faint bluish tinges of metallic luster; ventral surface of tergites frequently whitish gray. Tergite 5 of male somewhat trapezoidal, truncate apically. Male terminalia (Figs. 79–81): margins of epandrium in posterior view parallel, rounded dorsally; surstyli in posterior view roughly forming isosceles triangle with an apical process; surstylus in lateral view basically rectangular with an apical, digitiform, short process and a longer lateral prong, length of lateral prong about equal to width of surstylus at base, lateral prong with sub-basal tuft of setulae, anterior margin between apical process and lateral prong shallowly produced, shallowly triangular. Type material. The holotype male is labeled “ PERU. Cuzco: Quispicamchis [sic, Quispicanchi], Huarcapay, 2900m, 1 Sep 1988, WNMathis/ HOLOTYPE Ƌ Neoephydra inca Mathis USNM [red].” The holotype is double mounted (minuten in a plastic elastomer block), is in excellent condition, and is deposited in the USNM. The allotype female and 36 paratypes (36 Ƌ, 3 ♀) bear the same locality label as the holotype. Other paratypes are as follows: ARGENTINA. Jujuy: Abra Laite (85 km S Abra Pampa; 23 ° 12 'S, 65 ° 47 'W), 29 Oct 1968, L. E. Peña (13 ♂, 5 ♀; CNC); Barrios (S La Quiaca; 22 ° 15 'S, 65 ° 32 'W; 3500 m), 31 Oct 1968, L. E. Peña (1 ♀; CNC); Cajas (35 Km E La Quiaca; 22 ° 15 'S, 65 ° 18 'W; 3800 m), 24 Oct 1968, L. E. Peña (10 ♂, 19 ♀; CNC, USNM); Cangrejillos (S La Quiaca; 22 ° 25 'S, 65 ° 34 'W; 3500 m), 28–29 Oct 1968, L. E. Peña (44 ♂, 77 ♀; CNC, USNM); Cerrillos (22 ° 19 'S, 65 ° 49 'W; 3600 m), 31 Oct 1968, L. E. Peña (34 ♂, 40 ♀; CNC, USNM); Cienagas (2 km SW; road to Pirquitas; 22 ° 41 'S, 66 ° 31 'W), 3 Nov 1968, L. E. Peña (1 ♀; CNC); Cienaguillas (22 °05'S, 65 ° 53 'W; 3650 m), 28 Oct 1968, L. E. Peña (16 ♂, 13 ♀; CNC); La Quiaca (22 °06'S, 65 ° 37 'W; 3500 m), 23 Oct 1968, L. E. Peña (1 ♂, 2 ♀; CNC); Lecho (32 km E La Quiaca; 22 ° 13 'S, 65 ° 27 'W), 4 Oct 1968, L. E. Peña (11 ♂, 19 ♀; CNC, USNM); Río Cincel, S. L. Pozuelos (22 ° 22 'S, 66 °01'W; 3800 m), 3 Nov 1968, L. E. Peña (1 ♀; CNC); Río Seco (5 km S Santa Catalina; 22 °06'S, 66 ° 18 'W; 3500 m), 25 Oct 1968, L. E. Peña (6 ♂, 5 ♀; CNC); Santa Catalina (22 °05'S, 66 ° 18 'W; 3700 m), 25 Oct 1968, L. E. Peña (1 ♂, 1 ♀; CNC); Suripugio (22 ° 10 'S, 65 ° 22 'W), Oct 1968, L. E. Peña (4 ♂; CNC); Tilcara (12 km S; 22 ° 35 'S, 65 ° 22 'W; 2000 m), 23 Oct 1968, L. E. Peña (8 ♂, 5 ♀; CNC); Yavi (2 km W; 22 °08'S, 65 ° 28 'W; 3400 m), 31 Oct 1968, L. E. Peña (1 ♂, 2 ♀; CNC); Yavi Chico (22 km E La Quiaca; 22 °06'S, 65 ° 28 'W; 3500 m), 24 Oct 1968, L. E. Peña (9 ♂, 19 ♀; CNC). Tucumán: San Miguel de Tucumán (30 km N; 26 ° 50 'S, 65 ° 13 'W; 700 m), 15 Oct 1968, L. E. Peña (1 ♀; CNC). BOLIVIA. Cochabamba: Colomi (5 km E; 17 ° 17.9 'S, 65 ° 52.2 'W; 3370 m), 24 Mar 2001, W. N. Mathis (2 ♂; USNM); Japo (18 km W; 17 ° 35 'S, 66 ° 56.2 'W; 4060 m), 23 Mar 2001, W. N. Mathis (6 ♂, 1 ♀; USNM); Lequepalca (1 km E; 17 ° 37.7 'S, 66 ° 57 'W; 3970 m), 26 Mar 2001, A. Freidberg, W. N. Mathis (14 ♂, 3 ♀; USNM); Lequepalca (2 km W; 17 ° 37.7 'S, 66 ° 57 'W; 3970 m), 23 Mar 2001, W. N. Mathis (17 ♂, 5 ♀; USNM); Sacaba (20 km E; 17 ° 25.1 'S, 65 ° 53.9 'W; 3450 m), 24 Mar 2001, W. N. Mathis (1 ♂, 1 ♀; USNM). La Paz: El Alto (14 km S; 16 ° 40.1 'S, 68 ° 11 'W; 3900 m), 20 Mar 2001, W. N. Mathis (1 ♂; USNM); El Alto (23 km S; 16 ° 42.7 'S, 68 ° 11.2 'W; 3860 m), 21 Mar 2001, W. N. Mathis (1 ♀; USNM); Guaqui (Lake Titicaca; 16 ° 35.6 'S, 68 ° 51.2 'W; 3840 m), 28 Mar 2001, A. Freidberg, S. D. Gaimari, W. N. Mathis (17 ♂, 4 ♀; USNM); Guaqui (Lake Titicaca; 16 ° 35.6 'S, 68 ° 53.5 'W), 19 Apr 2001, A. L. Norrbom (2 ♀; USNM); Patacamaya (17 km NE; 17 °09.5'S, 67 ° 56.7 'W; 3800 m), 21 Mar 2001, W. N. Mathis (3 ♀; USNM); Tiahuanaco Ruins (16 ° 33.7 'S, 68 ° 40.7 'W; 3870 m), 28 Mar 2001, W. N. Mathis (4 ♂, 5 ♀; USNM). Oruro: Pazña (S of town; 18 ° 36.2 'S, 66 ° 54.7 'W; 3750 m), 22 Mar 2001, W. N. Mathis (17 ♂, 8 ♀; USNM). PERU. Puno: Pusi (15 ° 26 'S, 69 ° 56 'W), 18 Oct 1965, J. C. Hitchcock (2 ♂, 1 ♀; USNM). Type locality. Peru. Cuzco: Quispicanchi, Huarcapay (13 ° 38 'S, 71 ° 40 'W; 2900 m). Distribution (Map 17). Neotropical: Argentina (Jujuy), Bolivia (Cochabama, La Paz, Oruro), and Peru (Cuzco, Puno), between 13 °– 26 °S and 65 °– 71 °W. MAP 17. Distribution map for Neoephydra inca sp. nov. Etymology. The specific epithet, inca, is taken from the general name of the Native Americans who frequent the area where this species is found and is a noun in apposition to the generic name.Published as part of Mathis, Wayne N. & Marinoni, Luciane, 2016, Revision of Ephydrini Zetterstedt (Diptera: Ephydridae) from the Americas south of the United States, pp. 1-110 in Zootaxa 4116 (1) on pages 58-60, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4116.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/25732
Parahyadina latistylis Mathis & Zatwarnicki 2019, sp. nov.
No full textParahyadina latistylis, sp. nov. (Figs. 53–58, Map 11) Diagnosis. This species is distinguished from congeners by the following combination of characters: Adults. Small shore flies, body length 1.23–1.77 mm. Head (Figs. 53–54): Lateroclinate fronto-orbital seta well developed, basal diameter comparable or only slightly reduced compared to basal diameters of vertical setae. Thorax (Figs. 53–54): Postsutural scutum with distinct, longitudinal vittae in rows between acrostichal setae and dorsocentral setae; 2 pairs of posterior dorsocentral setae, anterior seta shorter than posterior seta. Wing hyaline; costal section II shorter in length than costal section III; costal vein ratio 1.12–1.27; M vein ratio 0.30–0.32. Abdomen: Tergites 3–5 with ventrolateral margin shallowly rounded; male tergite 5 extended posteriorly in same plane as tergite 4. Male terminalia. (Figs. 55–58) Epandrium in posterior view (Fig. 55) an oval to almost diamond-shaped, lateral margins somewhat angulate, each surstylus subrectangular, ventral margin emarginated medially, bearing 4 longer setulae on ventral portion and with an apical, prominent setula, in lateral view (Fig. 56) with epandrium very narrow and straight, surstylus expanded, irregularly and broadly lanceolate, apical setulae prominent; cercus in posterior view (Fig. 55) irregularly oblanceolate, pointed tapered to narrowly rounded point dorsally, ventral margin broadly rounded, in lateral view (Fig. 56) irregularly semihemispherical, height almost twice width, dorsal margin rounded, posterior margin tapered to rounded point, generally covered with small setulae; aedeagus in lateral view (Fig. 58) comparatively small, length about half that of phallapodeme, L-shaped, with extended, basal arm much narrower, digitiform, than length of aedeagal body, main structure, thumb-like apex broadly rounded, in ventral view (Fig. 57) only slightly longer than basal width, truncate basally and apically, lateral margin tapered toward apex; phallapodeme in lateral view (Fig. 58) elongate, moderately narrow, base with short, anteriorly directed projection, just beyond midlength with a robust, large projection, thereafter tapered slightly to narrowly truncate apex, in ventral view (Fig. 57) elongate, narrow with 2 cross bars, one at base, the other sub-basally, thereafter parallel sided, narrow; gonite and hypandrium broadly fused, in lateral view (Fig. 58) robustly L-shaped, gonal portion shorter than hypandrial portion, margins sinuous and tapered to narrowly rounded apex, hypandrial portion, narrow, somewhat elongate, in ventral view (Fig. 57) wider than long, robust with large, tapered posterolateral extension, apex bearing 2 minute, dentate setulae, anterolateral angle also extended as a process that is parallel sided at base then tapered to pointed apex. Type Specimen. The holotype male is labeled “ NEW ZEALAND. N. Isl. TO: Tokaanu (37°58.2’S, 175°46.2’E), 3–5 January 2004 [,] W. N. Mathis / USNM ENT 00026320 [plastic bar code label]/ HOLOTYPE ♂ Parahyadina latistylis Mathis & Zatwarnicki NZAC [red].” The holotype is double mounted (minuten in a plastic block), is in excellent condition, and is deposited in the NZAC. Forty paratypes (15♂, 25♀; NZAC, USNM) bear the same label data as the holotype. Type locality. New Zealand. North Island. TO: Tokaanu (37°58.2’S, 175°46.2’E). Other specimens examined. NORTH ISLAND. NORTH ISLAND. BP: Paradise Valley (38°07.9’S, 176°09.9’E), 7 Feb 1998, W. N. Mathis (1♂, 1♀; USNM). ND: Hailes Road (quarry; 35°31.1’S, 174°25.8’E), 19 Feb 1998, W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM). TO: Ikawhenua Range (E of Te Whaiti; 38°28.3’S, 176°59.4’E; 350 m), 4 Nov 1977, E. I. Schlinger (1♂; NZAC). WI: Mangawhero River (39°34.5’S, 175°15.7’E; 275 m), 9 Nov 1977, E. I. Schlinger (1♂; NZAC). SOUTH ISLAND. CO: Danseys Pass (2.2 km NE; 44°56.9’S, 170°24.2’E; 586 m), 11 Jan 2004, W. N. Mathis (3♂; USNM). KA: Hapuku Stream (42°13’S, 173°45.3’E; 420 m), 8 Jan 2004, W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM); Seddon (Awatere River; 41°39.6’S, 174°04.6’E), 14 Feb 1998, W. N. Mathis (5♂; USNM). FD: Monowai River (45°46.7’S, 167°35.7’E; 171 m); 17–18 Jan 2004, W. N. Mathis (2♂; USNM). MC: Acheron River (43°19.7’S, 171°40.5’E; 772 m), 10 Jan 2004, W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM); Lake Lyndon (43°17.6’S, 171°42.5’E), 15 Feb 1998, V. Hollmann, W. N. Mathis (10♂, 5♀; NZAC, USNM); Lake Pearson (43°05.6’S, 171°46.8’E; 612 m); 3 Feb 2004, W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM); Simois Stream (43°17.8’S, 171°32.9’E; 130 m), 10 Jan 2004, W. N. Mathis (2♂; USNM). OL: Kingston (45°19.8’S, 168°42.7’E; 319 m); 26 Jan 2004, W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM); Moke Lake (3.5 km S; 45°02.2’S, 168°34.7’E; 616 m); 28 Jan 2004, W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM). SL: Cascade River (46°15.6’S, 167°54.6’E; 73 m); 15 Jan 2004, W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM); Orepuki (46°17’S, 167°44.3’E), 8 Feb 1976, L. L. Deitz (1♂; NZAC); Te Waewae Lagoon (46°12.3’S, 167°38.1’E); 19 Jan 2004, W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM). Distribution (Map 11). Australasian/Oceanian: New Zealand. North Island (BP, TO, WI), South Island (CO, KA, FD, MC, OL, SL). Etymology. The species epithet, latistylis, is of Latin derivation and means broad or wide style, referring to the shape of the surstylar apex. Remarks. External structures of the male terminalia of this species are similar to those of P. debilis, especially the robustly developed, apical extension of the surstylus. The shape of the gonites, however, differ considerably and distinguish this species, especially the anterior extensions that are tapered and flared laterally (Figs. 57–58), not bifurcated and oriented anteriorly, as in P. debilis.Published as part of Mathis, Wayne N. & Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz, 2019, Revision of the Shore-fly Genera Parahyadina Tonnoir and Malloch and New Zealand Hyadina Haliday (Diptera: Ephydridae), pp. 401-440 in Zootaxa 4623 (3) on pages 434-437, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4623.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/325853
Neoephydra araucaria Mathis, 2008, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Neoephydra araucaria,</i> sp. nov. <p>(Figs. 11–16)</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Specimens of <i>N. araucaria</i> are distinguished from similar congeners by the following characters: generally appearing moderately dark; face moderately setose; gena moderately short; and structures of male terminalia with distinctive conformation.</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> Medium-sized to moderately large shore flies (Fig. 11), body length 3.04–4.38 mm; generally dull, grayish with some subshiny areas dorsally.</p> <p> <i>Head</i> (Fig. 11): Head ratio 0.69–0.72; frontal ratio 0.54–0.55; mesofrons with dark, greenish blue to brassy luster, inconspicuously pilose; ocellar triangle differing little from mesofrons in color or vestiture; fronto-orbital setae 2. Antenna mostly concolorous, dark, blackish brown. Facial ratio 0.90–0.93; mostly densely setulose, particularly along oral margin and toward posteroventral portions of face; dorsum of interfoveal hump with subshiny area more or less concolorous with mesofrons, otherwise face densely microtomentose, grayish brown to golden brown, gradually paler ventrally. Eye ratio 1.07–1.10; gena-to-eye ratio 0.32–0.35; gena moderately short, coloration immediately below eye whitish gray, slightly more tannish posteriorly.</p> <p> <i>Thorax</i> (Fig. 11): Scutum thinly microtomentose, subshiny, mostly dark brown, darker and shinier posteriorly; anterior margin slightly more microtomentose, grayer, especially postpronotum and 2 partial, microtomentose stripes laterad of acrostichal track; lateral margins of scutum slightly more microtomentose, more grayish brown; scutellum concolorous with posterior portion of scutum; pleural areas paler, grayer ventrally; anepisternum with dorsal and posterior margins more brownish, otherwise mostly gray; anepimeron mostly concolorous with posterior margin of anepisternum; other pleural areas including coxae whitish gray, concolorous. Wing length averaging 3.55–3.80 mm; faintly infuscate; costal vein ratio 0.20–0.22; M vein ratio 0.69– 0.71. Legs generally dark; femora microtomentose, grayish blue to green, only slightly darker than ventral pleural areas; tibiae and tarsi orangish yellow, with blackish tinges apically.</p> <p> <i>Abdomen:</i> Generally thinly microtomentose to microtomentose; tergites fasciate, anterior margin brownish to brassy, more thinly microtomentose, posterior margin grayish olivaceous green to gray, paler toward lateral margins, some specimens with faint bluish tinges of metallic luster; ventral surface of tergites frequently whitish gray. Fifth tergite of male triangular, nearly equilateral. Male terminalia (Figs. 12–16): margins of epandrium in posterior view (Fig. 12) parallel below cerci, rounded dorsally; surstyli in posterior view roughly forming isosceles triangle, apices of posterior processes forming ventral angle with narrow gap between; surstylus in lateral view (Figs. 14–16) with posterior process wide on basal 2/3, thereafter tapered to anteriorly curved, rounded apex, anterior margin irregularly shaped, posterior margin more regular; lateral process short, bluntly rounded, with patch of long, medioapical setulae.</p> <p> <b>Type Material.</b> The holotype male is labeled “ CHILE: Osorno Pr. Anticura (1 km. W) 430 m 1–3 Feb. 1978 W N Mathis/ɗ/ HOLOTYPE ɗ Neoephydra araucaria Mathis USNM [red].” The holotype is double mounted (minuten in a plastic elastomer block), is in excellent condition, and is deposited in the USNM. The allotype female and 123 paratypes (71ɗ, 52Ψ; USNM) bear the same locality label data as the holotype. Other paratypes are as follows (all in USNM): <i>CHILE. Bio Bio:</i> Santa Barbara (25 km E; 37°40'S, 72°01'W; 350 m), 24 Jan 1978, W. N. Mathis (21ɗ, 11Ψ; USNM). <i>Curico:</i> Estero Potrero Grande (3 km E Potrero Grande; 35°11'S, 71°07'W; 400 m), 8 Feb 1987, C. M. and O. S. Flint (5ɗ, 5Ψ; USNM). <i>Malleco:</i> Victoria (11 km N; 38°13'S, 72°20'W; 300 m), 25 Jan 1978, W. N. Mathis (15ɗ, 8Ψ; USNM). <i>Maule:</i> Constitución (35°20'S, 72°30'W), 16 Dec 1976, A. Gurney, Barria (1ɗ; USNM). <i>Nuble:</i> Río Perquilauquen, Parral (12 km S; 36°10'S, 71°50'W; 160 m), 24 Jan 1978, W. N. Mathis (5ɗ, 3Ψ; USNM). <i>O'Higgins:</i> Río Claro (5 km N Rengo; 34°24'S, 70°52'W; 300 m), 23 Jan 1978, W. N. Mathis (9ɗ; USNM). <i>Osorno:</i> Termas de Aguas Calientes (1 km SE; 40°41'S, 72°21'W; 530 m), 7–8 Feb 1978, W. N. Mathis (12ɗ, 3Ψ; USNM); Anticura (4 km W; 37°40'S, 72°01'W; 400 m), 3 Feb 1978, W. N. Mathis (2ɗ, 3Ψ; USNM); Anticura (1 km W; 40°39'S, 72°10'W; 430 m), 5–6, 11–12 Feb 1978, W. N. Mathis (6ɗ, 1Ψ; USNM); Lago Puyehue (SE shore; 40°45'S, 72°25.2'W), 6–10 Feb 1978, W. N. Mathis (23ɗ, 20Ψ; USNM); Lago Puyehue, Entre Lagos (40°45.2'S, 72°34.8'W), 14 Feb 1978, W. N. Mathis (40ɗ, 24Ψ; USNM); Lago Rupanco, El Encanto (40°49'S, 72°28'W), 6 Feb 1978, W. N. Mathis (2ɗ, 3Ψ; USNM); Laguna El Pato (41°10'S, 73°40'W; 1100 m), 13 Feb 1978, W. N. Mathis (5ɗ, 12Ψ; USNM); Laguna El Toro (41°09'S, 73°28'W; 780 m), 8 Feb 1978, W. N. Mathis (1ɗ, 2Ψ; USNM); Salto del Río Pilmaiquen (40°08'S, 71°59'W), 14 Feb 1978, W. N. Mathis (15ɗ, 14Ψ; USNM). <i>Palena:</i> Termas El Amarillo, (30 km SE Chaitén; 42°52.9'S, 72°21.4'W; 250 m), 22 Jan 1987, C. M. and O. S. Flint (3ɗ, 7Ψ; USNM). <i>Santiago:</i> El Alfalfal (33°30'S, 70°11'W; 1320 m), 22 Jan 1978, W. N. Mathis (20ɗ, 5Ψ; USNM); Lampa (22 km NW Santiago; 33°17'S, 70°54'W), 21 Jan 1978, W. N. Mathis (5ɗ, 9Ψ; USNM). <i>Talca:</i> Río Lircay (11 km N Talca; 35°23'S, 71°39'W; 85 m), 23 Jan 1978, W. N. Mathis (3ɗ, 1Ψ; USNM).</p> <p> <b>Type Locality.</b> Chile. Osorno. Anticura (1 km W; 40°39'S, 72°10'W).</p> <p> <b>Additional Specimens Examined.</b> <i>ARGENTINA. Buenos Aires:</i> Médanos (38°49'S, 62°41'W), 11 Nov 1946, K. Hayward (1ɗ; USNM). <i>Mendoza:</i> Uspallata (9 mi W; 32°40'S, 69°25'W), 6 Feb 1951, E. S. Ross, A. E. Michelbacher (1ɗ; CAS). <i>Rio Negro:</i> Bariloche (49°09'S, 71°18'W), Nov 1926, R. and E. Shannon (5ɗ, 1Ψ; USNM).</p> <p> <i>CHILE. Aconcagua:</i> Guardia Vieja (E; 32°54'S, 70°17'W), 3 Dec 1976, A. Gurney, G. Barria (1ɗ; USNM). <i>Antofagasta:</i> Pocos (23°15'S, 68°04'W; 2800 m), Des Atacama, Apr 1954, L. E. Peña (lɗ; USNM). <i>Bio Bio:</i> El Abanico (37°20'S, 71°31'W), 31 Dec 1950, E. S. Ross, A. E. Michelbacher (lɗ; USNM). <i>Cautin:</i> Temuco (20 km E; 38°44'S, 72°35'W), 7 Jan 1951, E. S. Ross, A. E. Michelbacher (39ɗ, 46Ψ; USNM). <i>Concepción:</i> Cosmito (36°46'S, 73°01'W), 31 Dec 1966, O. S. Flint, Jr., T. Cekalovic (lɗ, 1Ψ; USNM); San Rosendo (37°16'S, 72°43'W), Dec 1926, R. and E. Shannon (lɗ; USNM). <i>Coquimbo:</i> Bosque de Nague-Los Vilos (31°54.7'S, 71°30.8'W), Nov 1969, L. E. Peña (2ɗ, 1Ψ; USNM); Tilama, El Naranjo (32°05'S, 71°10'W), Oct 1967, L. E. Peña (2ɗ, 2Ψ; USNM); Freirina (28°30.3'S, 71°04.6'W), Oct 1969, L. E. Peña (4ɗ, 13Ψ; USNM); Hda Illapel (31°37.8'S, 71°09.9'W; 600–1200 m), 24–30 Oct-19 Dec 1954–1966, M. E. Irwin, L. E. Peña, E. Schlinger (4ɗ, 2Ψ; USNM); La Serena (50 km S; 29°55'S, 71°15.2'W), 1 Dec 1950, E. S. Ross, A. E. Michelbacher (2ɗ; CAS); Ovalle (20 mi SE; 30°36'S, 71°11'W), 12 Dec 1950, E. S. Ross, A. E. Michelbacher (4ɗ, 11Ψ; USNM); Río Colorado-Pichidarqui (32°52'S, 72°25'W), 7–11 Aug 1960, L. E. Peña (2ɗ, 1Ψ; CNC); Port Tres Cruces (Portuzuelo; 29°22.3'S, 70°56'W), 30 Oct 1957, L. E. Peña (2ɗ, 2Ψ; CNC). <i>Curico:</i> Cajon de Río Claro-SE Los Queñes (35°0.1'S, 70°49.1'W; 1100 m), 8 Dec 1966, E. I. Schlinger (1ɗ, 1Ψ; USNM). <i>Llanquihue:</i> Frutillar (41°07'S, 73°03'W), 22 Jan 1953, P. G. Kuschel (4ɗ; USNM). <i>Malleco:</i> Angol (37°48'S, 72°43'W), 28 Nov-1 Jan 1926–1932, D. S. Bullock (3ɗ; USNM). <i>Maule:</i> Curanipe (35°50'S, 72°38'W), 4 Dec 1953, L. E. Peña (1ɗ; USNM). <i>Nuble:</i> San Carlos (18 km E; 36°20'S, 71°44'W), 24 Dec 1950, E. S. Ross, A. E. Michelbacher (1Ψ; CAS); San Carlos (40 km E; 36°20'S, 71°43'W), 23 Dec 1950, E. S. Ross, A. E. Michelbacher (lɗ, 1Ψ; USNM). <i>O'Higgins:</i> Rancagua (23 km N; 34°09'S, 70°45'W), 21 Dec 1950, E. S. Ross, A. E. Michelbacher (30ɗ, 26Ψ; USNM). <i>Osorno:</i> Río Bueno-N Osorno (40°19'S, 72°58'W), 14 Jan 1951, E. S. Ross, A. E. Michelbacher (30ɗ, 38Ψ; USNM); Termas de Puyehue (40°42'S, 72°18'W), 7 Jun 1940, G. H. Schwabe (2ɗ, 1Ψ; USNM). <i>Santiago:</i> Baños de Morales (33°50'S, 70°03'W), 12 Jul 1940, G. H. Schwabe (1ɗ; USNM); Chacabuco, Tiltil (33°04.3'S, 70°58.3'W; 950 m), 18–19 Jan 1999, P. and M. Kerr (1ɗ, 1Ψ; USNM); Refugio Lo Valdés (33°48'S, 70°03'W), Jun 1954, L. E. Peña (2ɗ, 4Ψ; USNM); Los Maitenes (33°32'S, 70°16'W; 1200–1300 m), 19 Oct 1954, L. E. Peña (1ɗ; USNM); Cantillana (33°58'S, 70°58'W; 2000 m), Dec 1969, L. E. Peña (2ɗ, 1Ψ; USNM). <i>Talca:</i> Talca (29.5 km N; 35°25'S, 71°25'W), 22 Dec 1950, E. S. Ross, A. E. Michelbacher (1Ψ; CAS); Vegas del Flaco (34°56'S, 70°02'W; 1350 m), Nov 1969, L. E. Peña (1ɗ; USNM). <i>Valparaiso:</i> Islas Juan Fernandez: Mas-a-Tierra (33°38'S, 78°52'W), 15 Jan– 24 Mar 1951–1973, G. Barria, L. Cartagena, P. G. Kuschel, L. E. Peña (47ɗ, 53Ψ; CNC, USNM); Isla Más Afuera (33°45'S, 80°46'W), 31 Jan 1973, L. E. Peña (51ɗ, 68Ψ; CNC); Isla Santa Clara (33°42'S, 79°W), 1 Jun–30 Dec 1952–1954, P. J. Kusch, P. G. Kuschel (7ɗ, 3Ψ; USNM).</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> <i>Neotropical:</i> Argentina (Buenos Aires, Mendoza, Rio Negro) and Chile (Antofagasta, Bio Bio, Cautin, Concepción, Coquimbo, Curico, Llanquihue, Malleco, Maule, Nuble, O'Higgins, Osorno, Santiago, Talca, Valparaiso), between 28°–42°S and 62°–79°W.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The specific epithet, <i>araucaria,</i> is taken from the name of a native American tribe that lived in southern Chile. The epithet is a noun in apposition to the generic name.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> This is a common and widespread species in southern South America. Specimens are abundant, and large numbers are frequently collected in marshy habitats.</p> <p>Some variation is evident in the shape of the surstylus. This variation (Figs. 14–16), which I interpret to be intraspecific, is best viewed laterally and is expressed within and among populations of this species.</p>Published as part of <i>Mathis, Wayne N., 2008, Two new neotropical genera of the shore-fly tribe Ephydrini Zetterstedt (Diptera: Ephydridae), pp. 1-15 in Zootaxa 1874</i> on pages 10-14, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/184062">10.5281/zenodo.184062</a>
Setacera trichoscelis Mathis
No full text33. Setacera trichoscelis Mathis Figs. 146–150, Map 33 Setacera trichoscelis Mathis 1982 b: 53.— Mathis and Zatwarnicki 1995: 254 [world catalog]. Diagnosis. This species closely resembles S. pacifica (Cresson) and S. needhami Johannsen. The latter two, however, are known only from the Nearctic Region. Specimens of S. trichoscelis may be distinguished from those of either congener by the following characters: supraspiracular convexity shallowly rounded; tufts of hair near the apex of the mid- and hindtibiae well developed, as in members of S. needhami; and conformation of structures of male terminalia distinctive, particularly the shape of the fused surstyli. Medium-sized to moderately large shore flies, body length 3.20–4.20 mm; mostly subdued, microtomentose, pale brown to grayish green except for subshiny to shiny dorsum. Head (Fig. 146): Head ratio 0.70; frontal ratio 0.49; frons and fronto-orbits distinctly shiny with metallic blue to greenish blue luster; frons with sparsely scattered, hairs, appearing pilose; ocelli in isosceles triangle, distance between posterior pair shorter than between medial ocellus and either posterior ocellus. Antenna unicolorous, blackish brown, dull, microtomentose with grayish vestiture; basal flagellomere slightly longer than combined length of scape and pedicel; pedicel with some greenish color ventrally. Face mostly silvery white except dorsal shelf; antennal groove and interfoveal space with metallic luster similar in color to mesofrons; area immediately surrounding base of antenna with golden brown microtomentum; lower portion of face receding; facial angle approximately 90 ° from profile view; length of lower portion longer than distance between base of antenna to facial angle. Eye width-to-height ratio 0.92, oval, orientated at oblique angle to plane of epistoma. Gena wide, gena-to-eye ratio 0.43; concolorous with face, becoming duller posteriorly and with some grayish green to olivaceous coloration. Thorax (Fig. 147): Mesonotum mostly brown to greenish brown; anterior portion more subdued, microtomentose, grayish brown, darker posteriorly, shinier, metallic green; scutellum with mostly greenish to bronzish blue metallic luster shiny through darker brown vestiture. Anepisternum, anepimeron, and katepisternum mostly concolorous, grayish golden brown to olivaceous; forecoxa shiny gray; meron mostly gray to palely olivaceous in color. Femora mostly gray but with some bluish or pale brown coloration, becoming darker apically; tibiae mostly concolorous with femora but with less grayish coloration; tarsi yellowish orange but with some blackish coloration; legs of males with tufts of long hairs near apices of mid- and hindtibiae; posteroventral surface of midfemur with distinct row of setae which become larger toward base. Costal vein ratio 0.30; M vein ratio 0.83. MAP 33. Distribution map for Setacera trichoscelis Mathis. Abdomen: Dorsum mostly unicolorous, brown with metallic bluish green to green luster; tergite 1 more microtomentose, grayish, other tergites becoming darker and shinier posteriorly but not as dark as dorsum of scutellum. Tergite 5 of male longer than wide, nearly as long as combined length of tergites 3 and 4; lateral margins tapered gradually to subtruncate apex. Epandrium of male terminalia triangular, becoming wider toward venter; surstyli attached to ventral margin of epandrium, broadly fused to form subrectangular plate with ventrolateral, rounded processes; sternite 5 loosely attached to posteroventral corners of epandrium, anterior ends produced into gently-curved, well-sclerotized, sickle-like processes; see Figs. of terminalia for further details (Figs. 148–150). Type material. The holotype male is labeled “Yaguarcocha, 3 km N. Ibarra, 1950 m, Imbabura, Ecuad[or], 8– 9. VI. 65 [8–9 Jun 1965], L. Pena/ Holotype Setacera trichoscelis Mathis [red].” Female allotype and 36 paratypes (10 ♂, 26 ♀) are labeled with same label data as the holotype. The holotype, allotype, and most of the paratypes are in the CNC (15239). Two pairs of male and female paratypes are in the USNM. Type locality. Ecuador. Imbabura. Yaguarcocha (3 km N Ibarra; 0° 22 'S, 78 °06'W). Additional specimens examined. ECUADOR. Imbabura: Laguna San Pablo (0° 12.1 'S, 78 ° 14.1 'W), 28 Aug 1999, W. N. Mathis (7 ♂, 2 ♀; USNM). PERU. Lima: Lima, Laguna de Villa (12 °00.2'S, 76 ° 38.3 'W), 14 Feb 1984, W. N. Mathis (9 ♂, 5 ♀; USNM). Distribution (Map 33): Neotropical: Ecuador (Imbabura). Peru (Lima). Remarks. This species is similar and apparently closely related to S. pilicornis and reference to structures of the male terminalia may be needed to distinguish between them.Published as part of Mathis, Wayne N. & Marinoni, Luciane, 2016, Revision of Ephydrini Zetterstedt (Diptera: Ephydridae) from the Americas south of the United States, pp. 1-110 in Zootaxa 4116 (1) on pages 105-107, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4116.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/25732
Parahyadina irwini Mathis & Zatwarnicki 2019, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Parahyadina irwini</i>, sp. nov. <p>(Figs. 43, 45–48, Map 9)</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> This species is distinguished from congeners by the following combination of characters: Adults. Small shore flies, body length 1.35–1.85 mm.</p> <p> <i>Head</i> (Fig. 43): Lateroclinate fronto-orbital seta well developed, basal diameter comparable or only slightly reduced in comparison to basal diameters of vertical setae.</p> <p> <i>Thorax</i> (Fig. 43): Postsutural scutum without distinct, longitudinal vittae between acrostichal setae and dorsocentral setae. Wing hyaline; costal vein ratio 1.10–1.19; M vein ratio 0.23–0.38.</p> <p> <i>Abdomen.</i> Tergites 3–5 with ventrolateral margin shallowly rounded; male sternite 4 weakly sclerotized, as 2 relatively approximate, lateral, longitudinal bars; male tergite 5 extended posteriorly in same plane as tergite 4; male sternite 5 Y-shaped, arms flared anterolaterally, moderately well developed. <i>Male terminalia</i> (Figs. 45–48): Epandrium in posterior view (Fig. 45) broadly oval with ventromedial projections tapered to narrowly rounded apex, bearing 4 setulae near midlength and a prominent apical setulae, in lateral view (Fig. 46) with dorsal 2/3 narrow, linear, more or less parallel sided; surstylar length (from rounded, medial bump) about ½ height of cercus, angled slightly posteromedially, in lateral view (Fig. 46) with a medial, short, hook-like protrusion, tapered from wider base to narrowly rounded apex, apex bearing a single, short seta, also bearing 4 setulae in a vertical line along anterior margin at midlength; cercus in posterior view (Fig. 45) irregularly obovate, tapered to point dorsally, ventral margin broadly rounded, generally covered with small setulae, in lateral view (Fig. 46) height almost twice width with anterior margin somewhat straight, posterior margin irregularly arched; aedeagus heavily sclerotized, in lateral view (Fig. 48) tubular, elongate, with 2 basal prongs, dorsal protrusion about 3 times length of basal one, apically as an abruptly narrowed, acutely pointed projection, length slightly less than aedeagal width at midlength, in ventral view (Fig. 47) about as wide as long, base broadly rounded, apical third narrowed, short, parallel sided with a short, medial projection; phallapodeme in lateral view (Fig. 48) irregularly triangular with 2 moderately narrowed angles and truncate, wide, keel as third angle, in ventral view (Fig. 47) narrowly hour-glass shaped, base narrowly Y-shaped with short arms, apex tapered to point, widest subapically; gonite and hypandrium broadly fused, in lateral view (Fig. 48) robustly L-shaped, gonal portion bearing a digitiform, shallowly curved projection, hypandrial portion longer than wide, narrowly rectangular, in ventral view (Fig. 47) generally irregularly rectangular, convexly truncate basally, becoming slightly wider posteriorly, posterior margin abruptly narrowed as digitiform, medially curved projections.</p> <p> <b>Type Specimen.</b> The holotype male is labeled “ <b>NEW ZEALAND.</b> S. ISL. NN: Flora Saddle (41°11.4’S, 172°44.2’E), 12Feb 1998 [,] Wayne N. Mathis/ USNM ENT 00085386 [plastic bar code label]/ HOLOTYPE ♂ <i>Parahyadina irwini</i> Mathis & Zatwarnicki NZAC [red].” The holotype is double mounted (minuten in block of plastic elastomer), is in excellent condition, and is deposited in NZAC. Seven paratypes (4♂, 3♀; NZAC, USNM) bears the same label data as the holotype except for one male for which V. Hollmann was the collector.</p> <p> <b>Type locality.</b> New Zealand. South Island. NN: Flora Saddle (41°11.4’S, 172°44.2’E).</p> <p> <b>Other specimens examined.</b> <b>NORTH ISLAND. ND:</b> Whananaki (7 km SW; freshwater creek; 35°32.9’S, 174°24.6’E), 6 Oct 2002, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM).</p> <p> <b>SOUTH ISLAND. CO:</b> Danseys Pass (1.2 km SW; 44°57.2’S, 170°22.0’E; 856 m), 11 Jan 2004, W. N. Mathis (1♂, 2♀; USNM); Danseys Pass (2.2 km NE; 44°56.9’S, 170°24.2’E; 586 m), 11 Jan 2004, W. N. Mathis (2♂, 2♀; USNM). <b>FD:</b> Borland Saddle (22 km W Monowai; 45°44.8’S, 167°23.2’E; 945–988 m); 18 Jan 2004, W. N. Mathis (2♂, 2♀; USNM); Lake Monowai (45°48.7’S, 167°31.3’E; 225 m); 17–20 Jan 2004, W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM); Monowai River (45°46.7’S, 167°35.7’E; 171 m); 17–18 Jan 2004, W. N. Mathis (4♂, 3♀; USNM). <b>MC:</b> Acheron River (43°19.7’S, 171°40.5’E; 772 m), 10 Jan 2004, W. N. Mathis (3♂, 3♀; USNM); Lake Pearson (43°05.6’S, 171°46.8’E; 612 m); 3 Feb 2004, W. N. Mathis (4♂, 3♀; USNM). <b>NN:</b> Graham Valley (41°12.1’S, 172°50.8’E), 12 Feb 1998, W. N. Mathis (1♂, 1♀; USNM). <b>SL:</b> Orepuki (46°16.9’S, 167°44.3’E), 8 Feb 1976, L. L. Deitz (1♀; NZAC).</p> <p> <b>Distribution</b> (Map 9). Australasian/Oceanian: New Zealand. North Island (ND), South Island (CO, FD, MC, NN, SL).</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The species epithet, <i>irwini,</i> is a Latinized genitive patronym to honor the contributions of Anthony G. Irwin to our study of shore flies (Diptera: Ephydridae), especially his editing skills and knowledge of the literature.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> Externally, this species is very similar to <i>P. edmistoni, P. latistylis,</i> and <i>P. debilis</i> but is distinguished from these by the following combination of characters: Male tergites three through five with ventrolateral margins shallowly and bluntly rounded, not acutely developed, as in <i>P. edmistoni</i>; and male tergite five extends posteriorly in the same plane as tergite four. Structures of the male terminalia distinguish this species, especially the moderately short and thin surstylus and the robust and L-shaped gonite (Fig. 48). The length of the gonite in lateral view (Fig. 48) is about twice its basal width, the apex is irregularly and bluntly rounded, and there is a lateral, digitiform prominence.</p>Published as part of <i>Mathis, Wayne N. & Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz, 2019, Revision of the Shore-fly Genera Parahyadina Tonnoir and Malloch and New Zealand Hyadina Haliday (Diptera: Ephydridae), pp. 401-440 in Zootaxa 4623 (3)</i> on pages 429-432, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4623.3.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/3258532">http://zenodo.org/record/3258532</a>
Notiocoenia paniculata Mathis
No full text3. Notiocoenia paniculata Mathis Figs. 12–20, Map 3 Notiocoenia paniculata Mathis 1980: 15.— Mathis and Zatwarnicki 1995: 50 [world catalog]. Diagnosis. Specimens of this species very closely resemble those of N. acutella, and we can distinguish them confidently only by comparing structures of the male terminalia. The latter differ as follows: 4 th abdominal sternum pentagonal, posterior margin shallowly pointed and with distinct clump of 15 or more larger setae near apex; ventral margin of epandrium lacking U-shaped medial emargination in posterior view; aedeagus with gradual taper throughout its length; gonite lacking pointed process along posterior margin. Moderately small to moderately large shore flies, body length 2.91–4.17 mm; appearing dull, microtomentose; coloration mostly pale brown to brown; wing hyaline. Head (Figs. 12–13): Frons width-to-length ratio 0.31–0.34; coloration of frons uniform, slightly charcoalish brown. Antenna mostly brownish black to black, basal flagellomere of some specimens with rufous coloration posteroventrally along medial surface. Coloration of face nearly concolorous with mesonotum, slightly paler brown than frons; antennal fovea more grayish and with some greenish tinges. Eye height-to-width ratio 0.92–0.96; gena-to-eye ratio 0.18–0.20. Gena unicolorous, whitish gray. Thorax (Fig. 14): Mesonotum dull, rather densely microtomentose, pale brown anteriorly, becoming darker and shinier posteriorly, with a pair of whitish brown vittae laterad of acrostichal setae, extended posteriorly no farther than transverse suture, distinctiveness of vittae variable. Scutellum subshiny to shiny, darker colored than mesonotum, more blackish. Pleural areas paler brown than mesonotum, becoming generally paler ventrally; postpronotum, proepisternum, part of anepisternum, forecoxa, and katepisternum distinctly paler colored, brownish gray to whitish gray, otherwise pleural areas mostly unicolorous, brown to pale brown. Wing mostly hyaline, shiny; slight infuscation anteriorly and around crossvein dm-cu; costal vein ratio 0.13–0.15; M vein ratio 0.65–0.68. Legs rufous to orange, frequently with some infuscation; tarsi becoming blackish, toward apical tarsomere. Halter yellowish to yellowish orange, unicolorous. Abdomen (Fig. 15): Coloration nearly unicolorous, brownish black with some bluish hues, subshiny to shiny. Male sternite 4 pentagonal, posterior margin shallowly pointed and with distinct clump of 15 or more larger setae near apex. Male terminalia (Figs. 16–18): Epandrium in posterior view (Fig. 16) as an inverted U, more thinly developed dorsally, in lateral view (Fig. 17) dorsal arch of inverted U more thinly developed, thereafter ventrally in lateral view gradually becoming wider, widest at ventral 1 / 3, ventral 1 / 3 tapered to a rather bluntly rounded point, posterior margin shallowly arched, anterior margin nearly straight; ventral epandrial margin, which is probably the fused surstylus, truncate with a very shallow, wide emargination ventrally; cerci free in cercal cavity, not fused with epandrium, semihemispherical, wider ventrally; aedeagus in lateral view (Fig. 18) with gradual taper throughout length, very shallowly curved; gonite lacking pointed process along posterior margin. Female ventral receptacle as in Figs. 19–20. Type material. The holotype male is labeled “ CHILE: Osorno Prov. [Termas de] Aguas Calientes (1 km SE) 530 m. elev. 7–8 Feb. 1978 WNMathis/ HOLOTYPE Notiocoenia paniculata Mathis [handwritten, red].” The holotype specimen is double mounted (minute nadel), is in good condition, and the holotype, allotype, and paratypes from the type locality are in the USNM (76068). The allotype female and 16 paratypes (4 ♂, 12 ♀; USNM) bear the same locality label data as the holotype. Other paratypes as follows: CHILE: Antofagasta: Rincón El Arbol (24 ° 11.3 'S, 69 ° 31.3 'W), Oct. 1969, L. E. Peña (1 ♀; MZUSP). Concepción: Concepción (Parque Botánico Hualpen; 36 ° 48.9 'S, 73 ° 11 'W), Jan 1970, L. E. Peña (1 ♀; MZUSP). Coquimbo: Tilama, El Naranjo (32 °05'S, 71 ° 10 'W), Oct 1967, L. E. Peña (16 ♂, 22 ♀; MZUSP). Palena: Camping Arrayanes (5 km NW Chaitén; 42 ° 53.8 'S, 72 ° 40.1 'W; Malaise trap), 21 Jan 1987, C. M. and O. S. Flint (1 ♂; USNM). Type locality. Chile. Osorno: Termas de Aguas Calientes (1 km SE; 40 ° 41 'S, 72 ° 21 'W; 530 m). Distribution (Map 3). Neotropical: Chile (Antofagasta, Concepción, Coquimbo, Osorno, Palena), foothills, between 24 °– 42 °S. MAP 3. Distribution map for Notiocoenia paniculata Mathis.Published as part of Mathis, Wayne N. & Marinoni, Luciane, 2016, Revision of Ephydrini Zetterstedt (Diptera: Ephydridae) from the Americas south of the United States, pp. 1-110 in Zootaxa 4116 (1) on pages 17-20, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4116.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/25732
Generating value from infrastructure investments : an examination of client-server teams
No full textIncludes bibliographical references.Jeanne W. Ross, Cynthia Mathis Beath, Dale L. Goodhue
Parahyadina bulla Mathis & Zatwarnicki 2019, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Parahyadina bulla,</i> sp. nov. <p>(Figs. 18, 23–26, Map 5)</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> This species is distinguished from congeners by the following combination of characters: Adults. Small to moderately small shore flies, body length 1.75–2.40 mm.</p> <p> <i>Head</i> (Fig. 18): Lateroclinate fronto-orbital seta well developed, basal diameter comparable or only slightly reduced in comparison to basal diameters of vertical setae.</p> <p> <i>Thorax</i> (Fig. 18): 2 pairs of posterior dorsocentral setae. Wing hyaline; costal section II greater in length than costal section III; costal vein ratio 0.83–0.85; M vein ratio 0.30–0.32.</p> <p> <i>Abdomen:</i> Tergites 3–5 with ventrolateral margin shallowly round; male tergite 5 extended posteriorly in same plane as tergite 4. <i>Male terminalia</i> (Figs. 23–26): Epandrium in posterior view (Fig. 23) as inverted, regular U, surstylar arms oriented ventrally, widest a ventral level of cerci, in lateral view (Fig. 24) with dorsal, epandrium linear, narrow, more or less parallel sided, widest at level of fusion with surstyli; surstylar length (from fusion bulge ventrad) subequal to height of cercus, oriented in same plane as epandrial portion, in lateral view (Fig. 24) with slight basal swelling (at fusion with epandrium), thereafter ventrally tapered to narrowly rounded, shallowly recurved apex, posterior margin very shallowly obtusely angled, apex bearing a single, short, curved setula, also bearing 2 larger setulae along anterior margin at midheight, length of setulae twice that of apical setula; cercus in posterior view (Fig. 23) irregularly obovate, generally covered with small setulae, in lateral view (Fig. 24) height greater than twice width with anterior margin somewhat straight, posterior margin almost regularly arched; aedeagus in lateral view (Fig. 26) slipper-like with toe toward base, base shallowly bifurcate with slightly asymmetric, short arms, in ventral view (Fig. 25) with basal margin deeply arched, wide, apical margin with short, wide medial projection, apex truncate; phallapodeme in lateral view (Fig. 26) irregularly triangular, with moderately broad, elongate keel with a broadly rounded apical margin, extension toward aedeagal base digitiform, elongate, hypandrial extension broader and shorter than extension toward aedeagal base, in ventral view (Fig. 25) very as a cross, with base shallowly bifurcate, cross piece at midlength, thereafter toward apex tapered to narrowly rounded apex; gonite and hypandrium broadly fused, in lateral view (Fig. 26) with hypandrial portion longer than gonal portion, with shallow step at midlength, gonal portion short, tapered to point apically, in ventral view (Fig. 25) tubular with lateral extension at 90° angle and with paired apical, digitiform extensions medially that bear 2 apical tubercles.</p> <p> <b>Type Specimen.</b> The holotype male of <i>Parahyadina bulla</i> is labeled “ NEW ZEALAND. Tennants Lake (43°49.4’S, 176°34’W), 14 Oct 2002, D. and W. N. Mathis/ USNM ENT 00184462 [plastic bar code label]/HO- LOTYPE ♂ <i>Parahyadina bulla</i> Mathis & Zatwarnicki NZAC [red].” The holotype is double mounted (minuten in a plastic block), is in excellent condition, and is deposited in the NZAC. Thirty-two paratypes bear the same label data as the holotype (18♂, 14♀; USNM). Other paratypes are as follows: <b>Chatham Islands. Chatham Island:</b> Cape Young (43°41.7’S, 176°37.5’W; on <i>Cotula coronopifolia</i> L.), 16 Jan 1976, R. P. MacFarlane (1♂; NZAC); Kiringe Creek (44°02.8’S, 176°38.3’W), 13 Oct 2002, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♀; USNM); Lake Te Roto (43°49.2’S, 176°34.8’W), 12 Feb 1967, J. S. Dugdale (2♂, 2♀; NZAC); Mangahu Forest (43°58.6’S, 176°30.2’W), 10 Feb 1967, J. S. Dugdale (1♂; NZAC); Ocean Mail Point (2.5 km W; beach on lagoon; 43°45’S, 176°27.6’W), 12 Oct 2002, D. and W. N. Mathis (2♀; USNM); Port Hutt (1 km NW; peat and bracken fern; 43°48.1’S, 176°43.3’W), 14 Oct 2002, D. and W. N. Mathis (13♂, 14♀; USNM); Rotoparaoa Lake (43°48.7’S, 176°35.3’W), 14 Oct 2002, D. and W. N. Mathis (2♂, 1♀; USNM); Tuku River (mouth; 44°03.9’S, 176°39.2’W), 13 Oct 2002, D. and W. N. Mathis (3♂, 3♀; USNM); Waitangi Creek (43°47.1’S, 176°48.3’W), 14 Oct 2002, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂, 1♀; USNM); Waterfall Creek (44°03.5’S, 176°38.2’W), 13 Oct 2002, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM); Wharekuri (field and beach; 43°42.4’S, 176°34.7’W), 12 Oct 2002, D. and W. N. Mathis (6♂, 5♀; USNM). <b>Pitt Island:</b> Glory Bay (44°19’S, 176°12.1’W), 14 Jan 1990, J. W. Early (1♂, 2♀; LUNZ).</p> <p> <b>Type locality.</b> New Zealand. Chatham Islands. Chatham Island. Tennants Lake (43°49.4’S, 176°34’W).</p> <p> <b>Distribution</b> (Map 5). Australasian/Oceanian: New Zealand. Chatham Islands (Chatham Island, Pitt Island).</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The species epithet, <i>bulla,</i> is of Latin derivation and means knob, referring to the swollen, knoblike apex of the shallowly recurved gonite of this species.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> This species is apparently endemic to the Chatham Islands, occurring on both Chatham Island and Pitt Island. The dozen or so islets of the Chatham Islands were not sampled.</p> <p> This species is very similar to <i>P. lacustris,</i> including many structures of the male terminalia, such as the surstylus. The gonites of this species, however, differ markedly, as seen by comparing Figs. 26 of this species with those of <i>P. lacustris</i> (Fig. 52). The anterior projections of the gonite are approximate, not widely separated, and the posterior structure is as a very broad and short U-shaped structure. The phallapodeme is T-shaped (Fig. 25) with the comparatively large cross piece located near the midlength and not toward the base. In addition, the surstylus in posterior view (Fig. 23) is sinuous with a slightly expanded, semispatulate apex.</p>Published as part of <i>Mathis, Wayne N. & Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz, 2019, Revision of the Shore-fly Genera Parahyadina Tonnoir and Malloch and New Zealand Hyadina Haliday (Diptera: Ephydridae), pp. 401-440 in Zootaxa 4623 (3)</i> on pages 418-420, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4623.3.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/3258532">http://zenodo.org/record/3258532</a>
Ovid Mathis and I. L. Southerland
No full textTop, Ovid Mathis, Little Rock, Arkansas serving a 30-year term in the Texas Penitentiary for a crime he did not commit. Bottom, I. L. Southerland, Little Rock, Arkansas serving 50-year term in the Texas Penitentiary for a crime he did not commit. Two side and forward view mugshots of two criminals.https://mavmatrix.uta.edu/specialcollections_startelegram1950s/1300/thumbnail.jp
Mimapsilopa rugosa Mathis
No full textMimapsilopa rugosa Mathis, Costa & Marinoni n. sp. Figs. 31 –38, 47, 52. Diagnosis. This species is distinguished from congeners by the following combination of characters: Mostly shiny black; small to medium-sized shore flies, body length 1.65–3.90 mm. Head (Figs. 31–33): Frons black, moderately microtomentose, subshiny to partially dull; 1 proclinate fronto-orbital seta, about length of reclinate seta, inserted anterior of reclinate. Basal flagellomere mostly yellowish, ventrobasally darkened, length only slightly greater than height, apex broadly rounded; arista with 10–11 dorsal rays. Face black, shiny, conspicuously transversely rugose, rugosity moderately deep. Clypeus exposed, black; maxillary palpus black. Eye ratio: 0.64–64; gena-to-eye ratio: 0.14–0.16. Thorax: Mesonotum microsculptured; anepisternum black, shiny. Wing (Fig. 47) with distinct and conspicuous pattern; costal cell hyaline; cell r 1 tannish brown; apical 1 / 3 of wing brown except for broad, completely hyaline, transverse band extended posteriorly from apex of vein R 2 + 3; immediately basad of hyaline band with slightly darker, transverse, brown band; wing length 1.60–2.95 mm; costal ratio 0.88–0.92; M vein ratio 0.58–0.72. Knob of halter whitish yellow, stem yellow. Foreleg entirely black except for apical 3 tarsomeres, tarsomere 3 darkened basally; mid- and hindfemora mostly black, apex yellowish; mid- and hindtibiae and tarsi yellowish brown to yellowish, apical tarsomere brownish black. Abdomen: Tergites sparsely microtomentose to mostly bare, shiny; tergites 1–2 subequal in length; length of tergite 3 subequal to combined length of tergites 1 and 2; tergite 4 slightly longer than 3; length of tergite 5 slightly more than half that of tergite 4; tergite 5 of male trapezoidal, bare, shiny. Male terminalia (Figs. 34–38): Epandrium in posterior view (Fig. 34) setulose with short, moderately stout setulae, shape as an inverted, thick-walled U, especially dorsal portion above cercal cavity, becoming gradually narrower toward ventral apices of arms, in lateral view (Fig. 35) more or less rectangular with height about twice width, dorsal margin sloped ventrad posteriorly, widest subventrally; cercus in posterior view (Fig. 34) elongate, more or less narrowly oval, both apices rounded, in lateral view (Fig. 35) semi-hemispherical; presurstylus symmetrical, in posterior view (Fig. 34) with lateral margin curved, more or less evenly, medial margin with sub-basal, moderately wide invagination, thereafter ventrally tapered, base with 2 well-developed setulae from basal arm, in lateral view (Fig. 35) lobate, fringed with short, closely set setulae, apex rounded; postsurstylus symmetrical, in lateral view (Fig. 38) elongate, tapered irregularly to apex, apical fourth narrowed, digitiform, bearing elongate, well sclerotized, rod-like process extended subapically, process pointed apically; subepandrial plate in ventral view broadly U-shaped, basal portion nearly flat, each arm tapered to point, in lateral view (Fig. 38) robustly L-shaped; aedeagus in lateral view (Fig. 38) somewhat quadrate on basal half, apical portion as thumb-like extension, in ventral view (Fig. 37) base wide, apical portion abruptly narrowed, narrowly rounded apically; phallapodeme in lateral view (Fig. 38) triangular, in ventral view (Fig. 37) elongate, slender, Ishaped, apical crossbar longer than basal bar; pregonite in lateral view (Fig. 38) small, rod-like, bearing 2 setulae apically; postgonite in lateral view narrow, elongate, curved on apical portion, apical portion digitiform; lateral postsurstylar process enlarged, elongate, nearly parallel sided, apex with right angle at one corner, rounded at other; hypandrium in lateral view (Fig. 38) moderately deeply pocket-like, more or less elongate, rectangular, posterior margin shallowly concave on basal portion, base oriented posterior, narrowly pointed. Type material. The holotype male is labeled PERU. Madre de Dios: Manu, Rio Manu, 250 m [,] Pakitza, 12 ° 7 'S, 70 ° 58 'W [11 ° 56.6 'S, 71 ° 16.9 'W], 9–23 Sep 1988 [,] Wayne N. Mathis/ USNM ENT 0 0 118303 [plastic bar code label]/ Holotype ♂ Mimapsilopa rugosa Mathis, Costa,&Marinoni USNM [red]. The holotype is double mounted (minuten in a block of plastic of plastic), is in excellent condition, and is deposited in USNM. Thirty-nine paratypes (22 ♂, 17 ♀; DZUP, USNM) bear the same label data as the holotype. Other paratypes are as follows: PERU. Loreto: Iquitos (12 km W; 0 3 ° 48.4 'S, 73 ° 20.5 'W), 16 Feb 1984, W. N. Mathis (1 ♂; USNM). Madre de Dios: Río Manu, Pakitza (5 km E; Aguajal; 11 ° 58.2 'S, 71 ° 17 'W; 250 m), 19 Sep 1988, W. N. Mathis (1 ♀; USNM); Río Manu, Erika (near Salvación; 12 ° 50.7 'S, 71 ° 23.3 'W; 550 m), 5–6 Sep 1988, A. Freidberg (6 ♂, 10 ♀; USNM). Type locality. Peru. Madre de Dios: Río Manu, Pakitza (11 ° 56.6 'S, 71 ° 16.9 'W; 250 m). Other specimens examined.— GUYANA. Conservation of Ecological Interactions and Biotic Associations (CEIBA; ca 40 km S Georgetown; 0 6 ° 29.9 'N, 58 ° 13.1 'W), 13 Apr– 29 Aug 1994, 1997, W. N. Mathis (18 ♂, 16 ♀; USNM). BRAZIL. Amazonas: Reserva Ducke (02° 55.8 'S, 59 ° 58.5 'W; 40 m), 5 May 2010, D. & W. N. Mathis (1 ♂; USNM). Bahia: “Cururipe (= Cururupe; 14 ° 51 'S, 39 °03'W), 13 Oct 1920, R. C. Shannon (1 ♂; USNM). Pará: Fazenda Taperinha, Santarém (02° 31.9 'S, 54 ° 17.7 'W), Nov 1970, Expedição Permanente da Amazônia (1 ♂; MZUSP). Distribution (Fig. 52). Neotropical: Brazil (Amazonas, Bahia, Pará), Guyana, Peru (Loreto, Madre de Dios). Etymology. The species epithet, rugosa, is of Latin derivation and means wrinkled, referring to the transversely wrinkled face of this species. Remarks. This is the most widespread species of Mimapsilopa and as would be expected for such a widespread species, there is some variation, which we interpret to be intraspecific. Although similar to other species with subapical and apical transverse bands, such as M. xingu, this species is easily distinguished from congeners, including M. xingu, by the wing pattern, facial rugosity, and yellowish, apical tarsomeres of the foreleg.Published as part of Mathis, Wayne N., Costa, Daniel N. R. & Marinoni, Luciane, 2015, A review of Mimapsilopa Cresson (Diptera: Ephydridae) from Brazil, pp. 499-522 in Zootaxa 3926 (4) on pages 514-517, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3926.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/25446
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