108 research outputs found
Strong extracellular nuclease activity displayed by barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) uninucleate microspores
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Molecular characterization and comparative analysis of six durum wheat accessions including Graziella Ra
No full textGenetic identity and relatedness of the durum
wheat Graziella Ra, four Italian commercial durum cultivars
(Cappelli, Grazia, Flaminio and Svevo) and Kamut
were evaluated using amplified fragment length polymorphisms
(AFLPs), simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and α-
gliadin gene sequence analysis. Our primary objective was
to study molecular genetic diversity in such a set of wheats
including three modern (Grazia, Flaminio and Svevo) and
three older (Cappelli, Kamut and Graziella Ra) durum
accessions. Specifically, we aimed at determining the
relationship between the historic accession Graziella Ra
and Kamut, which is considered an ancient relative of the
durum subspecies. Obtained results revealed that (1) both
AFLP and SSR molecular markers detected highly congruent
patterns of genetic diversity among the accessions showing
nearly similar efficiency; (2) for AFLPs, percentage of
polymorphic loci within accession ranged from 6.57% to
19.71% (mean, 12.77%) and for SSRs, from 0% to 57.14%
(mean, 28.57%); (3) principal component analysis of genetic
distance among accessions showed the first two axes
accounting for 58.03% (for AFLPs) and 61.60% (for SSRs)
of the total variability; (4) for AFLPs, molecular variance was
partitioned into 80% (variance among accessions) and 20%
(within accession) and for SSRs, into 73% (variance
among accessions) and 27% (within accession); (5)
cluster analysis of AFLPs and SSRs datasets displayed
Graziella Ra and Kamut constantly grouped into the
same cluster; and (6) molecular comparison of α-gliadin
gene sequences showed Graziella Ra and Kamut in
separate clusters. All these findings support the hypothesis
that Graziella Ra and Kamut, although very similar,
at least in the little part of the genome investigated by
molecular markers employed in this study, might be
considered as distinct accessions
Effetti della varietà e del substrato nella coltura di antere in orzo (Hordeum vulgare L.)
No full textEvaluation of genetic diversity between toxic and non toxic Jatropha curcas L. accessions using a set of SSR markers
No full textScepticism about Jatropha as a competitive biofuel feedstock especially on marginal soils has been growing; in fact, the jatropha-biofuel chain is risky economically and often financially unfeasible without significant government subsidies under these conditions. A valorization of the by-products and in particular of the extruded seed cake (about 70% (w/w) of the processed seed), as animal feed, currently prevented by the presence of phorbol esters (PE) toxins, could contribute to a significant improvement in the economic sustainability of the crop. Strategies for breeding improved varieties could be accelerated by DNA-based molecular marker technology. Wild Mexican accessions and accessions from other parts of the world (South America and Africa) were analyzed by 40 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. SSR primers were chosen on the grounds of their Tm, length, degree of polymorphism and specificity for toxic trait. The genetic study pointed out a high degree of similarity both within and among the non Mexican accessions. The Mexican accessions proved to be non toxic and genetically differentiated forming a well separated cluster from out of Mexico accessions. Some polymorphic loci were close correlated with the character toxicity and useful, once validated their association in segregating populations for Marker Assisted Selection (MAS)
Assessing diversity in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) accessions at phenotype and molecular level: a preliminary approach
No full textAssessing diversity across and within crop varieties is relevant to improve the description of collections in genebanks and in on-farm conservation. The differences among and within several common bena (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) landraces, collected from and maintained ex situ in NE Italy, were initially studied using a set of 15phenotypic descriptors. From a subgroups of five bean accessions, microsatellite genotyping was performed after the extraction of DNA from each of 38-40 individuals. One of the 15 phenotypical descriptors (plant architecture) was of no use. Only ten out of the 23 molecular markers did work, however sufficient to discriminate the accessions. The phenotypic descriptors identified a portion of the within-population variability. A few discrepancies were obtained when observations of phenotype descriptors were run independently in two alpine locations in NE Italy. The genetic approach carried out separately on DNA of about 40 individuals clarified the structure of the five accessions
Rapporti tra accrescimento dei germogli e sviluppo dei frutti anche in presenza di trattamenti con (GA3) nel pesco (Cv. "Redhaven")
No full textAFLP markers for the study of introgression between wild sunflower species (H.argophyllus and H. debilis ssp.cucumerifolius)and in relation with H.annuus
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