123,104 research outputs found
Ixodes eudyptidis Maskell 1885
No full text79. Ixodes eudyptidis Maskell, 1885. An Australasian species, all of whose stages are known only to parasitize Sphenisciformes: Spheniscidae. M: Dumbleton (1961) F: Maskell (1885) N: Neumann (1899) L: Roberts (1969); see note below Redescriptions M: Heath and Palma (2017) F: Dumbleton (1953), Roberts (1960), Heath and Palma (2017) N: Nuttall and Warburton (1911), under the name Ixodes neumanni, a synonym of Ixodes eudyptidis, Roberts (1960), Heath and Palma (2017) L: Heath and Palma (2017); see note below Note: Roberts (1960) and Sénevet and Ripert (1967a) redescribed the larva of Ixodes eudyptidis using morphological characters given in Dumbleton (1953), but the latter author in fact described the larva of Ixodes laridis, as explained in Heath and Palma (2017). Cooley and Kohls (1945) erroneously treat Ixodes eudyptidis as a synonym of Ixodes uriae. See also Ixodes percavatus for its confusion with Ixodes eudyptidis.Published as part of Guglielmone, Alberto A., Petney, Trevor N. & Robbins, Richard G., 2020, Ixodidae (Acari: Ixodoidea): descriptions and redescriptions of all known species from 1758 to December 31, 2019, pp. 1-322 in Zootaxa 4871 (1) on page 28, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4871.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/442334
Ixodes eudyptidis Maskell 1885
No full textIxodes eudyptidis Maskell, 1885 (Figs 3–4, 6, 12, 14, 16, 20, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42, 44) Ixodes eudyptidis Maskell, 1885: 19, figs 12–14 Ixodes eudyptidis Maskell, 1885; Neumann 1899: 128. Ixodes eudyptidis Maskell, 1885; Neumann 1904: 451. Ixodes (Ixodes) eudyptidis eudyptidis Maskell, 1885; Neumann 1911: 21. Ixodes neumanni Nuttall & Warburton, 1911: 217, figs 213–214. Ixodes eudyptidis Maskell, 1885; Nuttall 1916: 294, 320. Ixodes neumanni Nuttall & Warburton, 1911; Nuttall 1916: 294, 320 [as junior synonym]. Ixodes eudyptidis Maskell, 1885; Cooley & Kohls, 1945: 223 [as junior synonym of I. uriae White, 1852]. Ixodes neumanni Nuttall & Warburton, 1911; Zumpt 1952: 18. Ixodes eudyptidis Maskell, 1885; Dumbleton 1953: 11, pl. 3, figs 1–4. In part: female & nymph. Ixodes eudyptidis Maskell, 1885; Arthur 1955: 18, fig. 1. Ixodes eudyptidis Maskell, 1885; Arthur 1956: 281, 296. Ixodes neumanni Nuttall & Warburton, 1911; Arthur 1956: 296, 301, fig. 69. Ixodes eudyptidis Maskell, 1885; Roberts 1960: 399, fig. 1. Ixodes eudyptidis Maskell, 1885; Dumbleton 1961: 761, figs 1–7. In part. Ixodes eudyptidis Maskell, 1885; Dumbleton 1963: 74, 76, figs 14, 18. Ixodes eudyptidis Maskell, 1885; Roberts 1964: 3. In part. Ixodes (Ixodes) eudyptidis Maskell, 1885; Senevet & Ripert 1967: 94, 118. Ixodes eudyptidis Maskell, 1885; Roberts 1969: 43, fig. 3. Ixodes eudyptidis Maskell, 1885; Roberts 1970: 20, fig. 5. In part: male only. Ixodes (Multidentatus) eudyptidis Maskell, 1885; Clifford et al. 1973: 496. Ixodes eudyptidis Maskell, 1885; Heath 1977: 30, figs 1–2. In part. Ixodes eudyptidis Maskell, 1885; Bishop & Heath 1998: 30. In part. Ixodes eudyptidis Maskell, 1885; Heath 2010: 16. In part. Ixodes eudyptidis Maskell, 1885; Heath et al. 2011: 59. In part. Ixodes eudyptidis Maskell, 1885; Guglielmone et al. 2014: 75. Type host: “In the gape of the penguin” (Maskell 1885: 20) = Eudyptes pachyrhynchus G.R. Gray, 1845 Remarks. Dumbleton (1953: 24) lists Eudyptes pachyrhynchus as the host of the ticks described by Maskell and collected by A. Reischek at Dusky Sound, Fiordland. However, Reischek (1885: 194) only mentions “… an insect similar to the Membranacea inside the edges of the bill, …”. The taxon “Membranaceae” is listed by Stark (1828: 320) as a “Tribe” within the Hemiptera containing the bedbug genus Cimex Linnaeus, 1758 only. Although ticks and bedbugs are very different animals, their broad morphological and feeding similarities would justify Reischek’s (1885) identification. Although we have not been able to examine any tick from E. pachyrhynchus, other than the types, we accept the designation of this penguin species as the type host. Interestingly, Reischek (1885: 194) also records Eudyptula minor (J.R. Forster, 1781) from Dusky Sound, the type locality of I. eudyptidis, but without mentioning any external parasite. Material examined. Type specimens: Three syntype females (Reg. 2015.162.10; 2015.162.12–13) and six syntype nymphs (Reg. 2015.162.11; 2015.162.14–18), from Eudyptes pachyrhynchus (see above), held in the collection of the Canterbury Museum, Christchurch, New Zealand [CMNZ]. Although Dumbleton (1953: 12) wrote: “Maskell's type material (2 females and 7 nymphs) is in the Canterbury Museum, as is one female co-type and a nymph determined by Nuttall.”, i.e. 11 specimens in total, we have located only nine specimens (3 females and 6 nymphs) and we do not know the whereabouts of the two missing nymphs. Designation of a lectotype: Considering that we have identified and described a species morphologically close to I. eudyptidis, with the type series of the latter composed of syntype females and nymphs, we deemed it advisable to designate a lectotype to make the identification of I. eudyptidis unequivocal. Therefore, we hereby designate one female syntype, with Registration Number 2015.162.10 as the lectotype of I. eudyptidis. All other syntypes: two females and six nymphs with Registration Numbers 2015.162.11–18 become paralectotypes. All types are held in the collection of the CMNZ. Non-type material from New Zealand. Ex Eudyptula minor: 1♀, Little Barrier Island, Hauraki Gulf, Feb. 1958, J.S. Watson; 1♀, 2N, Motunau Island, Pegasus Bay, 5 Dec. 1961, C.J. Lindsay; 20L, Titahi Bay, Wellington, 17 Dec. 1964, no collector (DM 111B68/1); 10N, Puponga, near Cape Farewell, 6 Oct. 1969, F.C. Kinsky; 1♀, Palmerston, Otago, 21 Oct. 1969, no collector; 82N, 13 L, Pakawai Beach, Collingwood, Golden Bay, 23 Jun. 1970, E.M. Gillespie; 2♀, 6N, N. side Croiselles Harbour, 3 Dec. 1973, J.I. Townsend; 1N, Hokio Beach, Horowhenua, 8 Feb. 1975, no collector; 8L, Southland, 1975, no collector; 7N, 5L, Cook Strait area, Oct. 1977, no collector; 5N, 100L, Mason Bay, Stewart Island, 1 Jan. 1980, H. Howarth; 6♀, 4N, 141L, Raumati Beach, Paraparaumu, Kapiti Coast, 22 Jan. 1980, P. McKenzie; 1♀, 6N, Somes Island, Wellington Harbour, 3 Dec. 1981, A.C.G. Heath; 1♀, 1N,>100L, Little Totara River, West Coast, 26 Dec. 1981, D. Onley; 10♀, 2 N, 1 L Taiaroa Heads, Otago, 30 Dec. 1982 – 10 Jan. 1983, R. Gales; 2♀, Taiaroa Heads, Otago, 8 Jan. 1983, R. Gales; 4N, Ward Beach, Marlborough, 4 Jan. 1986, no collector; 1♂, 3♀, 2N, Somes Island, Wellington Harbour, 5 Dec. 1987, J. Grehan; 19♀, 7N, Pukehina Beach, Bay of Plenty, 7 Jan. 1996, R. Tully; numerous N & L, Muriwai Beach, Auckland, 6 Aug. 2000, E.H. Kuschel; 6♀, 2♂, 10N, 2L North End Pipikaretu Beach, Otago Peninsula, 26–29 Nov. 2004, H. Ratz; 1♀, Tiritiri Matangi Island, Hauraki Gulf, 30 Oct. 2005, J. Geurts; 1♀, Tiritiri Matangi I., Hauraki Gulf, 30 Oct. 2005, J. Geurts; 1 N, Tiritiri Matangi I., Hauraki Gulf, 30 May 2006, J. Geurts; 1♀ (ex nest), Tiritiri Matangi I., Hauraki Gulf, no date, J. Geurts. 2♀, 6N, Tiritiri Matangi Island, Hauraki Gulf, 15 Nov. 2005, no collector; 1N, Tiritiri Matangi Island, Hauraki Gulf, 30 Apr. 2006, J. Geurts; 1♀, Tiritiri Matangi Island, Hauraki Gulf, no date, J. Geurts; 1♀, 1♂, 1N, 1L, Pilot's Beach, Taiaroa Heads, Otago, 28 Aug. 2006, R.P. Cane, A.E. Snell & G. Mackereth; 1♀, Ohope Beach, Bay of Plenty, 9 Nov. 2006, R. Tully; 2♀, 8N, Takaka, Nelson, 13 Dec. 2007, E. Schoener; 6♀ (one with malformed scutum), Matata Beach, Bay of Plenty, 18 Jan. 2008, R. Tully; 3♀, Somes Island, Wellington Harbour, 15 Dec. 2009, R. Cotter; 2♀, Ohope Beach, Bay of Plenty, 1 Feb. 2011, R. Tully; 5♀, 4N,1L, Buckland Beach, Auckland, 23 Oct. 2013, M. Robertson; 1♀, Motuara Island, 23 Mar. 2015, no collector; 1♀, Motuara Island, 22 Sep. 2015, no collector; 1♀, Motuara Island, 8 Oct. 2015, no collector. \ Ex Megadyptes antipodes (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1841): 1♀, Sandfly Bay, Otago, 20 Nov. 2000, D. Nelson. Ex "penguin": 1♀, 1N, Auckland, 29 Jan. 1987, G. Parkin; 1♀, Taylor's Mistake, 9 Feb. 1998, J.R. Kucera & R.L.C. Pilgrim. Non-type material from Australia. Ex Eudyptula minor: 1♀, Little Green Island, Furneaux Group, Tasmania, Jan. 1952, J.H. Calaby (ANIC 2090); 1♀, Port Davey, Tasmania, 20 Feb. 1959, R.H. Green (ANIC); 4♀, Deal Island, East Cove, Tasmania, 22 Dec. 1971, J. Whinray (ANIC); 4N, Tasmania, Jan. 1985, no collector (ANIC 2075); 1♀, Diamond Island, Tasmania, Feb. 1985, R. Gales (ANIC 2078); 6 ♀, Phillip Island, Victoria, Aug. 1993, R. Norman (ANIC 2093); 2♀, 1N, Phillip Island, Victoria, 25 Aug. 2010, K. O'Sullivan (ANIC 2095); 3♀, 2♂, Phillip Island, Bass Strait, Victoria, 18–20 Nov. 2014, K. Moon (ANIC); 1♀, Marian Beach, Tasmania, no date, no collector (ANIC 2074).Published as part of Palma, Ricardo L., 2017, A new species of tick (Acari: Ixodidae) from seabirds in New Zealand and Australia, previously misidentified as Ixodes eudyptidis, pp. 285-314 in Zootaxa 4324 (2) on pages 294-299, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4324.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/99774
A revision of Lachnodius Maskell (Hemiptera, Coccomorpha, Eriococcidae)
No full textLachnodius Maskell is a genus of three named species that are part of an Australian radiation of felt scale insects that induce galls on Eucalyptus and Corymbia (Myrtaceae). A female's gall usually consists of an open-top pit in swollen plant tissue. Depending on the species, galls can occur on a host's leaves, buds, stems, or trunk. Here, we redescribe the named species: L.eucalypti (Maskell), L.hirsutus (Froggatt) and L.lectularius (Maskell), and describe seven new species: L.brimblecombei Beardsley, Gullan & Hardy, sp. n., L.froggatti Beardsley, Gullan & Hardy, sp. n., L.maculosus Beardsley, Gullan & Hardy, sp. n., L.melliodorae Beardsley, Gullan & Hardy, sp. n., L.newi Beardsley, Gullan & Hardy, sp. n., L.parathrix Beardsley, Gullan & Hardy, sp. n., L.sealakeensis Gullan & Hardy, sp. n. Descriptions are based primarily on adult females, but for some species short diagnoses of nymphal stages also are provided. The taxonomic history of Lachnodius is reviewed, with notes on their biology and ecology. A key to species based on the morphology of adult females is provided, and lectotypes are designated for Dactylopiuseucalypti Maskell and Lachnodiuslectularius Maskell.Financial support to JWB for research in Australia was provided by the Fulbright Exchange Program through the Australian American Educational Foundation. This work was supported by a National Science Foundation PEET grant DEB-0118718 to PJG, and an Australian Biological Resources Study Participatory Program research grants to Lyn Cook and PJG
Antecerococcus corokiae Maskell, comb. nov.
No full textAntecerococcus corokiae (Maskell), comb. nov. Solenophora corokiae Maskell 1890: 141–142. Solenococcus corokiae; Fernald 1903: 58. Change of combination. Cerococcus corokiae; Green 1917: 87. Change of combination. Type details. NEW ZEALAND, South Island, Reefton, on Corokia cotoneaster (Escalloniaceae). Depositories: USNM: lectotype (designated by Lambdin & Kosztarab 1977: 90) adf (mounted from specimens obtained by Morrison from the Maskell collection, labelled Maskell coll. # 110, NZ). Also 2 / 4 adff marked paralectotype, (re)mounted by Lambdin, labelled Cerococcus corokiae on Corokia cotoneaster, NZ, -. iv. 1889 & 90, WMMaskell (looks like some of these data may have been added by Lambdin). Also 2 slides each with 2 adff that look like original Maskell mounts, labelled paralectotypes, label data on 1 slide simply Solenophora corokiae New Zealand (Maskell) 7892 177 / 3 and on the other Solenophora corokiae (Mask.) on Corokia ?, N. Zealand, WMMaskell, Co. Type. Also a paralectotype slide with 7 first-instar nymphs mounted from dry material by Morrison, same data as lectotype (Miller, pers. comm.). BMNH: Cerococcus corokiae on Corokia cotoneaster, NZ, -. iv. 1889 & 90, WMMaskell: 1 / 3 adff paralectotypes. NZAC: paralectotypes labelled: Solenophora corokiae Maskell, on Corokia cotoneaster, Sept. 1889, W.M.M: 1 / 1 adf, 1 /?adf?, 1 / 1 male, 1 / 1 second-stage f (Lambdin and Kosztarab (1977) mention 3 slides with 5 adff). BME: 1 / 2 paralectotype adff. Comment. No material of this species has been seen during this study. Based on Lambdin and Kosztarab’s (1977) description and illustration, the adult female of A. corokiae is characterised by the following combination of character-states: (i) dorsum with two sizes of 8 -shaped pores; (ii) large 8 -shaped pores sparse medially on cephalothorax, around margins and on either side of stigmatic pore bands; (iii) presence of 8 -shaped pores within apices of stigmatic pore bands unknown; (iv) large 8 -shaped pores present in a band along margins of posterior abdominal segments; (v) cribriform plates present in submedial groups of 4–7 plates, some occasionally fused, on each side of segment IV; (vi) leg stubs absent; (vii) posterior stigmatic bands bifurcated; (viii) multilocular discpores in sparse bands across all abdominal segments and submarginally on metathorax, and (ix) small pores, presumably quinquelocular disc-pores, present in a submarginal band between each antenna and posterior spiracles. The adult female of A. corokiae falls within Group D in the key to species of Antecerococcus and keys out close to A. parahybensis from Brazil.Published as part of Chris J. Hodgson & Douglas J. Williams, 2016, (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha, Coccomorpha) with particular reference to species from the Afrotropical, western Palaearctic and western Oriental Regions, with the revival of Antecerococcus Green and description of a new genus and fifteen new species, and with ten new synonomies, pp. 1-175 in Zootaxa 4091 (1) on page 131, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4091.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/26533
Pulvinaria psidii Maskell 1893
No full textPulvinaria psidii Maskell, 1893. Material examinado. Cuba: Salto de Soroa, 6.vi.2000, col. N. Mestre, Centrosema plumieri, 1 (F) adulta (CZAC); Pan de Guajaibón, ladera norte, 12.iv.2000, col. N. Mestre, M. Olcha y E. Fonseca, Ficus membranacea, 3 (F) adultas (CZAC); entrada de la Cueva de Jose Miguel, Viñales, 1.v.1999, col. N. Mestre, Anthurium cubense, 2 (F) adultas (CZAC). Notas. Pulvinaria psidii es una especie polífaga de distribución cosmopolita. Se ha hallado sobre 11 especies de Ficus (Ben-Dov 1993, 2009b; Miller et al. 2005); probablemente presenta origen oriental (Miller et al. 2005). En Cuba está referida para ocho especies y seis familias de hospedantes (Houser 1918,; Ballou 1926, Bruner et al. 1975, Mestre et al. 2001a). Se incluyó en la lista de insectos de interés económico presentes en ecosistemas naturales de la Sierra de los Órganos (Mestre et al. 2006c). Ha sido considerada una plaga de plantas ornamentales en Florida, EE. UU., especialmente en Ficus sp., y una plaga del mango en Egipto (Hamon y Williams 1984; Miller et al. 2005).Published as part of Novoa, Nereida Mestre, Hamon, Avas, Evans, Greg, Kondo, Takumasa, Oliver, Herrera, Hernández, Arturo & Alonso, Ana Abraham, 2011, Los cocoideos (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea) presentes en la Cordillera de Guaniguanico, Pinar del Río, Cuba, y la relación con sus hospedantes, pp. 1-25 in Insecta Mundi 2011 (183) on page 8, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.516110
A Multi-Language Comparison of Influences on Author Verification using Character N-Grams
No full textWe create a new multi-language corpus for author verification based on Wikipedia talkpages, and evaluate the influence that differences in topic and time have on character n-gram author profiles. Topic alignment between two texts is found to increase author verification precision, and an authors writing style is found to change over time, but not more significantly after 3 years than after 1 year.Information ArchitectureWISElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
Especies de Eretmocerus Haldemn (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) - parasitoides de Aleurothrixus floccosus (Maskell) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) de México, con la descripción de una nueva especie
No full textA new species is described, Eretmocerus naranjae. A key to six species of Eretmocerus parasitoids of whitefly Aleurothrixus floccosus (Maskell) from Mexico, is given. Diagnosis, hosts, distribution and examined material for four collected species are given.Una nueva especie es descrita, Eretmocerus naranjae. Se incluye una clave de las seis especies de Eretmocerus, parasitoides de la mosquita blanca Aleurothrixus floccosus (Maskell) de México, así como la diagnosis, hospederos, distribución y material examinado de cuatro de las especies colectadas
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
A newly recognised species of Cryptes Maskell 1892 (Hemiptera: Coccidae) from Western Australia
No full textCryptes utzoni Lin, Kondo & Cook sp. n. (Hemiptera: Coccidae) is described based on adult female morphology and DNA sequences from mitochondrial and nuclear loci. This Australian endemic species was found on the stem of Acacia aneura (Fabaceae) in Western Australia. All phylogenetic analyses of three independent DNA loci show that C. utzoni is closely related to C. baccatus (Maskell), the type and only species of Cryptes Maskell, 1892. The adult female of C. utzoni is described and illustrated and a table is provided of the characters that differ among adult females of the two species of Cryptes now recognised (C. baccatus and C. utzoni) and a morphologically similar Western Australian species, Austrolichtensia hakearum (Fuller). There is deep genetic divergence in COI among samples of C. baccatus, suggesting the possibility of a species complex in this taxon
The vanishing author in computer-generated works: a critical analysis of recent Australian case law
No full textAbstract
The use of software is ubiquitous in the creation of many copyright works, yet the requirement in copyright law that every work have a human author who engages in independent intellectual effort means that its use may prevent copyright subsistence. Several recent Australian cases have refocused attention on authorship as an essential criterion of copyright subsistence, and these cases suggest that much computer-produced output may be authorless and thus lack copyright protection. This article, the first in a two-part series, analyses how each case deals with the question of authorship of computer-produced works and why the use of software diminishes copyright protection for a significant number of computer-generated works. The article critiques the application of conventional notions of human authorship developed in the pre-computer age to modern productions and suggests alternative approaches to authorship that satisfy both the major objectives of copyright policy and the need to adapt to the computer age. The article argues that, without a broader judicial approach to authorship of computer-generated works, Parliament must remedy the lacuna in protection for these ‘authorless’ works. Possible solutions for reform are suggested. In a forthcoming article, the author comprehensively examines those reform proposals
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