1,722,063 research outputs found

    Reconstruction, recovery and socio-economic development of the Basilicata region, southern Italy: lessons and experience after the 1980 earthquake

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    In the present paper, a critical analysis of the 1980 Irpinia-Basilicata (southern Italy) post-earthquake phase has been carried out, with particular attention to the Basilicata region. Post-earthquake policies were mainly addressed towards the physical reconstruction and socio-economic development of the affected areas. As for the development process, the expected results from the industrialisation and infrastructure works have been rather poor or indeed not achieved, mainly as a consequence of red tape, inefficiency and sometimes corruption events. On the other hand, impressive steps ahead have been made in terms of knowledge advancement concerning the assessment and reduction of seismic risk, with the creation of important education and research institutions in Basilicata. Furthermore, the relationship between earthquake disaster and territorial development has been examined, starting from some prominent studies proposed in the literature. The evolution of vulnerability levels to earthquakes of some countries around the world have been evaluated. Specifically, considering a time span of about 40 years (1980-2020), the data related to the number of deaths caused by earthquakes with respect to the population exposed has been analysed and some comparisons have been carried out. Although limited, since referring to a single risk indicator, the results confirm the close link between seismic consequences and socio-economic characteristics of the affected communities, as a poignant lesson for planning effective risk mitigation strategies

    Analysis of slab action on the seismic behavior of external RC beam-column joints

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    The correct evaluation of beam flexure capacity is of paramount importance in the capacity design process of reinforced concrete (RC) frame structures. Even though few experimental studies on beam-column joints have considered the presence of slab, its action as a tension flange in modifying beam-column strength hierarchy has been clearly found. This is mainly due to the increased hogging moment capacity of beams. Nevertheless, European and Italian seismic codes do not explicitly consider slab action as tension flange nor indicate proper values for effective slab width. To better understand this action, an accurate 3D finite element model has been calibrated based on the results of past experimental tests carried out on a full-scale beam-column joint. Afterwards, the calibrated model has been equipped with a portion of the adjacent spandrel beam and slab in order to evaluate their effect on the beam-column connection's behavior through numerical analyses. Alike previous studies, numerical results show that the tension flange effect of slab can significantly increase hogging (negative) moment in beams framing into beam-column joints. Additionally, it has been found that this effect is a function of slab steel amount, also highlighting the role of slab reinforcement orthogonal to the beam. Based on the above, practical indications have been provided for the evaluation of hogging moment in beams specifically concerning effective slab width to be considered in resisting moment calculations as a function of slab steel amount

    Troxler, Gale Scott. Fijian masi. A traditional art form

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    O'Reilly Patrick. Troxler, Gale Scott. Fijian masi. A traditional art form. In: Journal de la Société des océanistes, n°40, tome 29, 1973. p. 330
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