9 research outputs found
Relationships between emotional intelligence, leadership styles, organizational commitment and job performance of academic leaders at selected Malaysian research universities
No full textThe purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between emotional intelligence, leadership styles and job performance. The moderating role of affective commitment on the relationship between predictors and job performance was also investigated. Today’s global environment is characteristically dynamic, and complex, but there are not an exception in the academic environment. This study was designed based on the application of emotional intelligence which was classified by mixed model. The mixed model of emotional intelligence are combinations of mental resourcefulness and personal behaviors similar to being optimistic and feeling good. The second independent variable is perceived leadership styles which are reflected in transformational leadership theory (Avolio & Bass, 2002).
The present study used a survey design to achieve its objectives. Simple random sampling was employed in this study. A total of 274 academic administrators were selected from selected Research Universities. This research was carried out in Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), and Universiti Malaya (UM). Pearson 'r' correlation coefficients analysis was employed to determine the nature and direction of the relationship between emotional intelligence, leadership styles and job performance. The result showed that there is a significant and positive relationship between emotional intelligence and job performance (r = 0.83, p <0.001). In addition, transformational leadership style is correlated with job performance (r = 0.80, p <0.001), and transactional leadership is correlated with the job performance (r = 0.78, p <0.001). The result of multiple regressions on independent variables is that emotional intelligence, transformational leadership style, and transactional leadership style altogether predict 73% of job performance. Finally, the findings indicated that affective commitment does not have significant moderate effect on the relationship between predictors and job performance. It is recommended that to improve job performance among the academic administrators, in addition to emotional intelligence, their leadership styles should also be considered. Weak points and strong points should be investigated and the effects of factors on performance increase or decrease should be identified. Certainly, there is a need for some new and appropriate policies in order to successfully be implemented
Construction and Validation and Standardization of the Questionnaire for Socialization in the traditional Iranian Bazaar with approaching to learn of traditional architecture
No full textBackground and Objective:In tracing the recent crises of contemporary architecture, one of the roots of this crisis is the lack of attention and learning from traditional architecture in the educational system. Architecture education in Iran has been codified in the form of uniform programs, which has overshadowed architecture. Fixed and uniform programs in higher education in architecture, in the field of architectural activity, have paid little attention to traditional architecture, which can be understood by going through the city and looking at the buildings built in recent years. In order to formulate an organized system for teaching architecture in educational centers, it is necessary to know the basic effective principles in architectural education. In educational processes, the relationship between traditional and modern education is decisive. The purpose of this relationship, in addition to the transfer of information, is to gain in-depth knowledge that is more important than the exact meaning of the message sent. In order to define the specific features of scientific communication, modern concepts in the form of new perspectives on educational methods should be used. This gives rise to new theories of communication that incorporate different ways of recognizing, learning, and transmitting information in order to make non-interrelationships between modern and traditional education. Learning from the potential of traditional architecture, especially Bazaars is helping to design modern commercial-social spaces in today's urban space. To create effective and dynamic urban spaces, that are in harmony with the social, cultural, environmental, physical, psychological and economic needs of the society people has always been the interest of, architects and urban planners. The purpose of this study is to construct, validate, stabilize and standardize the scale of socialization in traditional Bazaar. Methods: The construction of socialization -related items was conducted through an open interview selected by open and central coding, and after review, and evaluation of validity and reliability, 58 items were presented for the participants by eliminating problematic issues. The sample size is 326 which have been selected by random cluster sampling. In order to evaluate the internal coordination of the questions, differential coefficient method and to validate, the exploratory factor analysis, has been done. Finally, the normative table was presented for the main factors. Findings: Considering the results of the research, it can be concluded that this questionnaire has a proper validity and justifiability, and the factors that can be extracted from the factor analysis can measure the learning of traditional architecture. Conclusion: The findings indicate an acceptable initial validity and reliability for the sociability scale. To assess the validity of the questionnaire, exploratory factor analysis was used, which indicates the extraction of 12 components: Culture and belief, new business centers, activity-behavioral component, functional capability, socio-cultural component of the market, social factor, diversity and visual attractiveness, social mixing, physical component, structural values of place, environmental impact on place, physical quality, access and communication. The scale has sufficient factor load to predict the validation measurement tool, ensuring the degree of sociability. ===================================================================================== COPYRIGHTS ©2019 The author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, as long as the original authors and source are cited. No permission is required from the authors or the publishers. ====================================================================================
Evaluation of specific germ cell genes expression in mouse embryonic stem cell-derived germ cell like cells treated with bone morphogenetic protein 4 in vitro
No full textBackground: Bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) is a significant signaling molecule that involves in initiating of differentiation and performs multifunctional effects on embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and embryos.
Objective: The goal of the present study was to evaluate an in vitro differentiation model of mouse embryonic stem cells into germ cells, using BMP4.
Materials and Methods: in this experimental study, we used Oct4-GFP mouse ESCs to form embryoid body (EB) aggregations for two days. Then, single cells from EB were cultured for four days with BMP4. Using MTT assay and gene expression levels for evaluation of Mvh and Riken by real-time RT-PCR of six concentrations, 12.5 ng/ ml BMP4 was determined as an optimized dose. Then, the expression level of Fkbp6, Mov10l1, 4930432K21Rik, Tex13, Mvh, Scp3, Stra8, Oct4 were evaluated. Flow cytometry and immunostaning were used to confirm the findings of the real-time RT-PCR.
Results: In the +BMP4 group, the genes encoding Riken (p≤0.001) and Mvh (p≤0.001) were found to be increased with significant differences compared with the control group. Mov10l1 (p=0.22), Tex13 (p=0.10), Fkbp6 (p=0.90), Scp3 (p=0.61) and Stra8 (p=0.08) were up-regulated without significance differences compared with control group. Flow cytometry analysis showed that the mean number of Mvh-positive cells in the +BMP4 group was greater when compared with ESCs, -BMP4 and EB groups (p=0.03, p≤0.001, p=0.02, respectively).
Conclusion: Down-regulation of Oct4, expression of germ cells genes and meiosis markers expression raise this hypothesis that ESCs were differentiated by BMP4, and may be introduced into the first meiosis as germ cell-like cells
