8 research outputs found
Hydrogeochemical Research of Surface Water of the Córrego Sujo Watershed, Teresópolis, RJ, Brazil
No full textScapomegas aurifer Marseul 1887
No full text<i>Scapomegas aurifer</i> Marseul, 1887 <p> <i>Scapomegas aurifer</i> Marseul, 1887: CXXV (new species description); Santos <i>et al</i>., 2010 (ecological data); Mazur, 2011: 75 (catalogue).</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis</b>. Pronotum with lateral stria complete, anterior margin straight behind the head; elytra with outer subhumeral stria complete; propygidium with strong punctuation on the whole surface, without elevation; 8th sternite in ventral view with two bristles on lateral-posterior region.</p> <p> <b>Redescription.</b> Length (pronotum+elytra): 3.88–4.2 mm; elytral width: 3.4–3.92 mm.</p> <p>Color dark or dark-brown. Basal segment of the antennal club without a concave region. Anterior margin of the pronotum straight behind the head (Figs. 1 E; 5C); lateral stria complete (Fig. 5 C). Prosternal lobe with strong punctuation laterally. Elytra with outer subhumeral stria complete, inner subhumeral stria absent; 1st–2nd dorsal stria complete, 3rd dorsal stria present at the posterior margin, sutural stria interrupted at the base (Fig. 1 E). Mesosternum with marginal stria usually slightly interrupted at the middle (Fig. 1 F). Metasternum with lateral stria complete; postmesocoxal stria present. Middle and hind tibiae with the submarginal stria interrupted next to the apex on the inner margin. Third visible abdominal sternite with strong punctuation without sulcus (Fig. 1 F). Propygidium and pygidium with strong punctuation on the whole surface, without elevation (Fig. 10 B).</p> <p>Male terminalia. Eighth sternite in ventral view with two bristle on lateral-posterior region (Fig. 6 C). Basal margin of the parameres in ventral view with an acuminated emargination, dorsally without or with a weak emargination (Fig. 7 C).</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> The presence of a weak foveae at the frons was noted by Marseul (1887), but this character can be represented in all species of the genus and with different levels of intensity. The lateral pronotal stria may vary from truncated to rounded behind the head. Marseul also characterized the inner subhumeral stria as “...subhumérale interne, sulciforme, entière, rapprochée de l'externe, qui est beaucoup plus fine...”. We believe that Marseul made a misinterpretation of this character and that possibly the author was referring to the outer subhumeral stria, because the inner subhumeral stria is absent in this species. The third dorsal stria can be weakly indicated at the anterior margin. The populations of São Paulo State and North of Paraná State can have the mesosternal marginal stria complete</p> <p> <b>Distribution and ecological data.</b> Currently known from elevations of 130–160 meters in Argentina and Paraguay, and 386–1600 meters in Brazil. For Brazil the species is known from Araucaria Forest, Montane Rain Forest and Seasonal Semideciduous Tropical Forest, all components from the Atlantic Forest biome. The holotype is from Caraça (Minas Gerais, Brazil), an area composed of Atlantic Forest and Cerrado biomes where this species occurs at higher elevation.</p> <p> <b>Type material</b>. A female specimen labeled: " Type " (red-bordered printed, circular, Museum label) / "Caraca (Minas Geraez) Bresil E. Gounelle I.2.1885" (printed)/ "G. Lewis Coll. B.M. 1926-369"(printed) / " Scapomegas aurifer Ƥ. n. sp."(handwritten) / "s [or 5]" (handwritten on small rectangle) / "Marseul's Type " (Lewis's handwriting) is considered as the HOLOTYPE of the species, as Marseul cited “1 Ƥ” specimen at the beginning of the description. L = 4.0 mm; l = 3.6 mm (BMNH).</p> <p> <b>Additional examined material. BRAZIL:</b> <i>Rio de Janeiro</i>, Teresópolis, X/1991, A. Bello col. 1 ex.; Itatiaia, II/1999, J. Carlos col. 1 ex. (CPAB); <i>São Paulo</i>, Parque Estadual da Cantareira, 1/XI/1994, Exp. MZUSP col. 4 ex. (MZUSP); <i>Paraná</i>, Londrina (Parque Mata dos Godoy), XII/1998, J. Lopes col., 1 ex. (CPAB); <i>Paraná</i>, Ibiporã (Fazenda Doralice, B-1D), 30/XII/2005, A. A. Santos col., 1 ex.; (Fazenda Doralice, B-1D), 14/I/2006, A. A. Santos col. 1 ex.; (Fazenda Doralice, I-1 D), 25/II/2006, A. A. Santos col. 1 ex.; (Fazenda Doralice, B-1D) 08/IV/ 2006, A. A. Santos col., 1 ex.; (Fazenda Doralice, M-2D) 08/IV/2006, A. A. Santos col., 1 ex.; <i>Paraná</i>, Curitiba (Mata Capão do Tigre, UFPR), 12/IV/2005, Grossi & Caron col. 1 ex.; Piraquara (Sanepar), 18/VII/2001, Grossi col., 1 ex.; Piraquara, 03-10/IX/2007, Grossi col., 1 ex. (DZUP). <b>PARAGUAY:</b> <i>Caazapa</i> (Estero Cristal), 20-25/ XI/1999, J. Jensen col., 1 ex. (SBMN). <b>ARGENTINA:</b> <i>Misiones</i>: Concepción (Santa Maria) V/1960, M. Viana col. 1 ex. (GASC); Territoire des Missions, no date (Desbordes det.), 1 ex. (MNHN); San Ignacio, Donckier vend t, no date (Desbordes det.), 1 ex. (MNHN).</p>Published as part of <i>Leivas, Fernando W. T., Bicho, Carla L., Degallier, Nicolas & Moura, Daniel P., 2012, Revision of the genus Scapomegas Lacordaire, 1854 (Coleoptera: Histeridae: Omalodini), pp. 33-46 in Zootaxa 3482</i> on page 45, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/211871">10.5281/zenodo.211871</a>
Low incidence of congenital toxoplasmosis in children born to women infected with human immunodeficiency virus
No full textIn children born to immunocompetent women, congenital toxoplasmosis almost always results from primary infection during pregnancy. However, reactivation of latent toxoplasmosis during pregnancy could occur in HIV-infected pregnant women, particularly in those who are severely immunocompromised, and result in maternal-fetal transmission of the parasite. This mode of infection has been described in case reports but the risk of transmission is unknown. Findings on toxoplasmosis are presented from the European Collaborative Study, a prospective study of children born to women known to be HIV-infected at the time of delivery. In 1058 children followed for a mean duration of 35 months, only one child developed clinical toxoplasmosis. This child was HIV-infected, severely immunocompromised, and acquired toxop]asmosis postnatally. Congenital infection was excluded serologically in a subgroup of 167 children, of whom an estimated 71 had been at risk of infection. These clinical and serological findings indicate a low general risk of maternal-fetal transmission of Toxoplasma infection in HIV-infected women. It is not possible to draw conclusions about the risk of transmission for severely immunocompromised HIV-infected women because most women in the study were asymptomatic.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe
Estudi de les mutacions dels exons 2 i 4 del gen HFE en pacients amb porfiria cutània tarda esporàdica
Get PDF[cat] La Porfíria Cutània Tarda (PCT) és una malaltia metabòlica que afecta a la pell i al fetge i que és desencadenada per la interacció de múltiples factors que inclouen l´herència, l´alcohol, el VHC, els estrògens i alguns agents tòxics, entre d´altres encara en estudi. La sobrecàrrega fèrrica, de forma primària o secundària a d´altres factors de risc (com la infecció pel VHC), és un factor desencadenant de la PCT. En aquest contexte, considerem la hipòtesi de que la sobrecàrrega fèrrica observada en alguns pacients amb PCT pot estar associada amb les mutacions descrites en el gen de l´hemocromatosi (C282Y i H63D). Considerem d´interès també conèixer la interrelació entre la freqüència d'aquestes mutacions i els altres factors de risc, especialment el VHC, en el desencadenament de la malaltia en el nostre àmbit geogràfic.OBJECTIUS:1. Establir les prevalences de les mutacions C282Y i H63D del gen HFE en pacients amb PCT esporádica en el nostre ambient.2. Determinar la relació entre les mutacions del gen HFE en pacients amb PCT esporádica i la sobrecàrrega de ferro hepàtic. 3. Establir la relació entre la prevalença d'aquestes mutacions i la infecció pel VHC.MATERIAL I MÈTODES:S´han seleccionat de forma retrospectiva 99 pacients amb PCT i 126 controls (76 sans sense infecció per VHC i 50 individus amb infecció crònica per VHC). En els pacients amb PCT s´han recollit les següents variables: gènere, ingesta d´alcohol, presa d´anticonceptius, serologies per VHC, VHC i VIH. Els paràmetres se sobrecàrrega de ferro determinats en els pacients amb PCT han estat els següents: quantificació del ferro hepàtic (en 41 pacients) i la ferritina (en 71 pacients). S´ha estudiat la presència de les mutacions C282Y i H63D dels exons 4 i 2 respectivament del gen de l´hemocromatosi (HFE) mitjançant les següents tècniques:1-Extracció de l´ADN a partir de sang total i precipitació de l´ADN, 2-amplificació dels exons 2 i 4 i 3-digestió de l´ADN amb endonucleasses de restricció mitjançant tècnica de restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). RESULTATS:Hem observat un augment de la prevalença de la mutació C282Y en els pacients amb PCT en el nostre àmbit geogràfic. Aquest augment és independent de la infecció pel VHC. A més, la mutació C282 s´associa amb un augment del ferro hepàtic i de la ferritina. Per altra banda, no hem observat un augment de la mutació H63D en els pacients amb PCT, excepte en el genotipus en homozigosi. Sí hem observat una associació significativa amb la PCT quan es comparen els pacients infectats per VHC i els controls amb aquesta infecció. Per tant, la mutació H63D pot actuar de forma sinèrgica amb la infecció per VHC en la inducció de PCT. No hem observat tampoc una associació entre la mutació H63D i la sobrecàrrega de ferro. Les mutacions del gen HFE, en especial la mutació C282Y, poden estar relacionades amb la sobrecàrrega de ferro i per tant en el possible desenvolupament d´hepatopatia crònica i de carcinoma hepatocelular. Per altra banda, el tractament amb flebotomies pot ser l´idoni en els pacients amb sobrecàrrega de ferro. Per tant, l´anàlisi de les mutacions del gen HFE s´ha d´incloure de forma sistemàtica en els protocols d´estudi dels pacients amb PCT.[eng] Title: STUDY ON EXONS 2 AND 4 HFE GENE MUTATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH SPORADIC PORPHYRIA CUTANEA TARDAHYPOTHESIS: the iron overload frequently observed in patients with Porphyria Cutanea Tarda (PCT) may be associated with the mutations that are usually found in the HFE gene in patients with hemochromatosis (C282Y and H63D mutations). These mutations may be independent of other risk factors of PCT, such as VHC infection and alcohol intake OBJECTIVES:1-To establish the prevalences of mutations C282Y and H63D of HFE gene in patients with sporadic PCT in our environment.2-To establish the relationship between the mutations in HFE gene in patients with sporadic PCT and iron overload.3-To establish the relationship between these mutations and VHC infectionDESIGN: Retrospective case-control study.SETTING: A large clinical and research institute for the study and treatment of cutaneous diseases in Barcelona, Spain.PATIENTS: Ninety-nine patients with PCT and one hundred and twenty six control patients (76 healthy subjects and 50 patients chronically infected with HCV), were included in the study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The frequency of the C282Y and H63D mutations in patients with PCT vs controls and the relationship of these mutations with HCV infection, and iron status, as judged by serum iron, liver iron and ferritin levels. RESULTS: C282Y mutation was significantly increased in PCT patients. This mutation was more frequent among non HCV-infected patients. Increased ferritin levels and hepatic iron overload were also observed in PCT patients with heterozygous C282Y state. H63D mutation was only significantly increased among PCT patients with chronic hepatitis C infection. No significant iron overload was observed in patients with H63D mutation.CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms the high frequency of C282Y mutation in patients with PCT and its relationship with iron overload. The C282Y mutation has a relevant role in Spanish patients with PCT non-associated with HCV chronic infection. On the other hand, the prevalence of the H63D mutation seems not to be increased in patients with PCT. The possibility of an association between HCV infection and H63D mutation in inducing PCT can be hypothesized
Children born to women with HIV-1 infection: Natural history and risk of transmission
No full text600 children born to HIV-infected mothers by June 15, 1990, in ten European centres were followed to study the natural history of HIV infection and the vertical transmission rate. They were seen at birth, every 3 months up to 18 months of age, and every 6 months thereafter. At last follow-up, 64 children were judged to be HIV infected and 343 had lost antibody and were presumed uninfected. The initial clinical feature in infected children was usually a combination of persistent lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and hepatomegaly, though 30% of children presented with AIDS, or with oral candidosis followed rapidly by AIDS. An estimated 83% of infected children show laboratory or clinical features of HIV infection by 6 months of age. By 12 months, 26% have AIDS and 17% die of HIV-related disease. Subsequently, the disease progresses more slowly and most children remain stable or even improve during the second year. The vertical transmission rate, based on results in 372 children born at least 18 months before the analysis, was 12.9% (95% CI 9.5-16.3%). Virus has been repeatedly isolated in an additional small proportion of children (2.5%, 95% CI 0.7-6.3%) who lost maternal antibody and have remained clinically and immunologically normal. Without a definitive virological diagnosis, the monitoring of immunoglobulins, CD4/CD8 ratio, and clinical signs could identify HIV infection in 48% of infected children by 6 months, with a specificity of more than 99%SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe
Eventos cardiovasculares en pacientes con lupus eritematoso sistémico y su asociación con factores de riesgo cardiovascular
Get PDFLos pacientes con lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES) presentan un elevado riesgo cardiovascular, cuya etiología aún no se conoce con exactitud. Se ha postulado que podrían estar implicados tanto los factores de riesgo cardiovascular tradicionales como determinados factores relacionados a la propia enfermedad. En el presente estudio, se ha analizado a un grupo de pacientes con LES y se ha determinado la presencia de eventos cardiovasculares (EC), así como también a los factores de riesgo cardiovascular (FRCV) tradicionales y los relacionados a la enfermedad. Además, se ha estudiado la asociación de estos últimos con el desarrollo de un EC (i.e. infarto de miocardio agudo, hipertensión arterial, accidente cerebrovascular). En el total de 83 pacientes analizados, el EC más frecuente fue la hipertensión arterial (HTA) en un 41%. En relación a los FRCV tradicionales, el sedentarismo fue el hallado con más frecuencia, seguido por la obesidad. Al analizar cada EC y su asociación con los FRCV, se observó una asociación significativa entre la HTA y la dislipidemia (p = 0,001). En relación a los accidentes cerebrovasculares, se observó una asociación con la edad avanzada (p = 0,037) y la presencia de síndrome antifosfolípido (p = 0,001). La elevada frecuencia de EC en los pacientes con diagnóstico de LES pone de manifiesto la necesidad de una evaluación inicial detallada para estratificar tanto FRCV tradicionales como los no tradicionales de los pacientes con LES para permitir una mejor supervisión y así mejorar el pronóstico cardiovascular de estos pacientes
Depression: Can we predict who will relapse?
No full textThis thesis addresses risk factors and proposed mechanisms to explain relapse to depression. Volume 1 comprises three parts: Part 1 is a literature review consisting of meta-reviews of systematic and non-systematic reviews of studies reporting on risk factors for relapse to depression, and a systematic-review of neuroimaging and experimental studies investigating risk factors for relapse and potential mechanisms of action of these risk factors. The reviews found that only residual symptoms of depression at the end of treatment and childhood maltreatment were sufficiently evidenced as predictors of relapse and neither have great clinical utility. A number of psychological and neuropsychological factors were suggested to play a role in conferring risk for relapse. Considering the inter-relationships between these factors the reviews were used to propose a conceptual framework which may be used to help guide future research into relapse to depression in adults. Part 2 is an empirical paper in which data were analysed from service users of a primary care mental health service to identify risk factors for relapse and for the presence of residual symptoms, and survival analysis methods were used to determine when relapses occur most often and what factors impact survival. In addition, a prospective cohort study was formed to investigate the relationship between cognitive control and depressive symptoms. The findings confirmed that cognitive control can be used to predict residual symptoms of depression post-treatment and therefore potentially to predict relapse. Part 3 is a critical appraisal focussing on the theoretical reasons as to why studying relapse in a manner as used in the prospective study is so important and discusses the logistical difficulties conducting such research in the current context of NHS services and of the D.Clin.Psy research project. Methodological decisions made that impacted upon the research process are discussed and reflective conclusions are offered
