28 research outputs found
Coping in a harsh reality: The concept of the ‘enemy’ in the composition of Psalms 9 and 10
No full textIn this paper, Psalms 9 and 10 are read together from a literary, post-exilic perspective, arguing that the construct of the ‘enemy’ in this composition primarily serves to strengthen the position of the righteous. It seems that a variety of strategies are employed in this composition to establish dichotomic-ideological categories. This results in the formation of a polarity between YHWH and the enemy on the one hand and the righteous and the enemy on the other. This seems to have been a technique through which the author or authors of this composition sought to break free from their current social experience in order to create a new, just and fair reality for the righteous
Sola Scriptura versus Sola fide versus Solum Imperium? Albert S. Geyser en ʼn kontemporêre verstaan van μορφή θεοῦ in die Christus-himne
No full textThis article explores Albert Stephanus Geyser’s understanding and application of the Christ-hymn (Phlp 2:6–11), focusing especially on the use of the words μορφή θεοῦ. The tension between a literary-critical approach to the text (Scriptura) versus a dogmatic understanding (Fide) is exposed, as well as the challenge of a political ideology of power (Imperium). Geyser’s understanding and application are measured in terms of the current state of New Testament exegetical research. In the footsteps of Stendahl and contemporary New Testament scholars, legitimacy is given to a socio-political reading of the text. Geyser is appreciated as a public theologian with a deep consideration for the text as the source for theological and socio-political reflection and practice
Evaluating the effectiveness of phase overcurrent protection on overhead medium-voltage feeders
No full textDissertation (MEng)--University of Pretoria, 2014.Traditionally, the effectiveness of a phase overcurrent protection philosophy has been
assessed by only considering a fault level versus protection operating time graph (only
selectivity). In this research, an improved method was created to evaluate different phase
overcurrent protection philosophies for medium-voltage feeders. A focus was placed on
reliability, sensitivity, selectivity, speed of operation, performance and minimising risk.
The hypothesis stated that it is possible to develop a method that allows for the evaluation
of the effectiveness of phase overcurrent protection. To test this hypothesis, an application
was created that allows for the analysis of an overcurrent protection philosophy. This
application made provision for changes in source impedance, evaluation of protection
backup contingencies, different conductor types, user-definable protection equipment, the
placement of protection equipment, user-definable protection settings, primary plant
equipment damage information, user-definable safety margins and source transformer
protection information.
The application provides graphs that allow the user to evaluate the protection philosophy in
terms of the following criteria:
The protection operating time at specific positions in the network.
The PU sensitivity of the feeder-installed protection equipment.
The PU sensitivity of the source transformer protection (backup function).
The let-through energy and associated equipment damage criteria.
The energy-area over the analysed path.
To classify the busbar voltage dip.
To determine the position of the fault on the analysed path for the associated busbar
voltage dip.
To quantify the occurrence of a specific voltage dip category on the analysed path.
The graphs that were generated by the application allowed for the analysis and
optimisation of the applied protection settings. This optimisation includes determining
operating time, operating curve selection and the number of auto-reclose attempts. It is
possible to determine the preferred protection philosophy using the application. The
application does not prescribe how settings are to be calculated, or the placement of the
devices; it evaluates if the applied philosophy is protecting the feeder and how well it is
protecting it.tm2015Electrical, Electronic and Computer EngineeringMEngUnrestricte
Xhosalising English? Negotiating meaning and identity in economics
No full textThis is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Southern African Linguistics and Applied Language Studies on 23 December 2010 available online: http://www.tandfonline.com/10.2989/16073614.2010.545027.As yet, very few South African studies have explored multilingual learning contexts in order to develop a better understanding of the role that students' diverse primary or hybrid languages play in meaning making in English medium universities.This paper will report on a project which set out to investigate code-switching practices in informal learning groups in the university and to distinguish the forms and functions of these code-switching practices. A particular focus has been to gain insights into the ways in which concepts transfer from one language to another in order to develop thinking on language and learning in multilingual contexts and extend theories of conceptual transfer. The particular focus of this paper is the pedagogic and social functions of this hybrid language and how its use might be tied to questions of identity. We look particularly at the way the tutor in the peer learning group used code-mixing to negotiate different identities in dealing with first a rural and then an urban group of students. We will also illustrate by means of our data ways in which English is being appropriated and Xhosalised, particularly by the urban group of students in order to negotiate meaning, identity and status on this campus and in the wider community
Getting to CODESA: an analysis on why multiparty negotiations in South Africa began, 1984-1991
No full textIncludes bibliographical references.This dissertation examines the pre-negotiation stage of the negotiation process in South Africa leading to the first plenary session of the Convention for a Democratic of South Africa on 20 December 1991. The pre-negotiation stage was that period in the South African conflict when negotiated solutions were considered, and negotiation towards a political settlement was adopted as an option by the major parties, namely the National Party South African government and the African National Congress. The central question this dissertation asks is why did the South African multiparty negotiations begin? This question is important; De Klerk's seminal address to the Tricameral Parliament on 2 February 1990, and the subsequent release of Nelson Mandela on 11 February 1990, is often considered as the beginning of the negotiation process in South Africa. This however is not true. Negotiations did take place before this date and they were crucial in shaping the path towards multiparty negotiations. The important question therefore is what prepared the ground for 2 February 1990, and the resulting political process that l ed to multiparty negotiations. The dissertation thus has two sub-questions: (1) why negotiations in South Africa occurred at all; and (2) why the South African government ended up negotiating with the ANC. To answer these questions, the dissertation will use I. William Zartman's theory of ripeness as a guide, and Brian Tomlin's five-staged model of prenegotiation as an analytical framework. In this respect, the dissertation is a theoretical singlecase study. The dissertation argues that multiparty negotiations in South Africa began because the South African government and the African National Congress reached a shared understanding that the South African conflict could be solved through a negotiated solution, produced a commitment to a negotiated solution, and in the process, overcame the problem of preconditions as a barrier to the opening of multiparty negotiations
Application of let-through energy to back-up over-current protection on high-voltage feeders
No full textLet-through energy (LTE) refers to the I 2 t or Joule energy that a conductor is exposed to during a fault on the feeder. This energy is influenced by the magnitude of the fault current and time it takes for the protection system to clear the fault. If the LTE exceeds the conductor thermal energy limit, the conductor will get damaged. This concept of LTE evaluation is applied to the inverse definite minimum time (IDMT) current based back-up protection elements on a multisource high-voltage feeder in a hypothetical and actual network. Another method to calculate the relay operating time for IDMT relays was developed based on an average disk speed of electromechanical over-current relay and the proportionality of its speed to the magnitude of the fault current. This method was incorporated into a software application to generate results. These results allow the user to evaluate the conductor LTE exposure, total fault time exposure, the effect of instantaneous fault clearing and the application of auto-reclose cycles. An energy-area evaluation was applied to quantify and evaluate small protection settings changes. The conclusion is that LTE analysis on back-up protection should be considered for high-voltage feeders to ensure that the conductors are protected.http://digital-library.theiet.org/content/journals/iet-gtdhj2019Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineerin
An explorative study of grade 7, Hanover Park learners' awareness of, and participation in, after-school programmes and activities
No full textIncludes abstract.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 69-74).During the crucial stage of their development, many children living in Hanover Park have to deal with numerous challenges that impact on their ability to discover and enhance their capabilities. This study aimed to explore the available after-school programmes and activities for Grade 7 learners living in Hanover Park. Furthermore, it assessed whether learners are aware of these available after-school programmes and activities and what hinders their participation.A qualitative research design was used for this study. Semi-structured interviews with key respondents were held to determine the available after-school programmes and activities in Hanover Park
Delinquency and the family : a study of connexions between crime and socioenvironmental factors with special reference to inmates of the Constantia Reform School.
No full textBibliography: p. 221-224.The present thesis is the result of my curiosity about delinquency in South Africa. In Part One I review juvenile delinquency in general, the system of probation, and the institutionalized treatment of delinquents. I draw upon experience in comparing Israel and South Africa. Parts Two and Three of the work study the circumstances of a sample of boys lodged in the Constantia Reform School. The method of the research is described and so is the Reform School itself. Two questionnaires were designed and administered, one to the sample of boys and the other to their patents. The findings are then described and analysed
White labour and the 'social democratic' movement in the Transvaal; the South African Labour Party, the South African Trades and Labour Council and their trade union affiliates, 1930 - 1954
No full textBibliography: p.330-353.The first quarter or so of the present century witnessed violent struggles between white workers and the South African state, and the entrenchment of the job colour bar in the mining industry. The Industrial Conciliation Act of 1924 is generally considered to have dampened the militancy of the white workers by institutionalising the trade unions within a statutory collective bargaining system. The South African Labour Party served as the junior partner in the famous 'pact' coalition government from 1924. The South African Labour Party split in 1928 and the Party and the white labour movement in general appeared to move off the front stage of the political arena. A considerable amount of literature has appeared on the white labour movement during the first three decades of the present century. Many authors virtually ignore the white labour movement when analysing the establishment of the present-day National Party (an Afrikaner nationalist party) in 1934 and its eventual victory in the 1948 general election. Yet the white labour movement constituted a major battleground in the Afrikaner nationalists' endeavours to mobilise the Afrikaner workers behind their banner
