1,720,968 research outputs found
The development of maxillofacial surgery in East Germany: From a municipal hospital to specialised department at the medical academy Dresden
No full textThe transition of the Stomatology Clinic into the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery at the Medical Academy Carl Gustav Carus in Dresden shows how healthcare evolved in East Germany after the Second World War. Founded in 1954 to tackle medical staff shortages, the department grew and specialised over time, becoming a key hub for surgical dentistry in Saxony. Through structural changes, it became a semi-autonomous unit, emphasising patient care and research. By 1983, it evolved into a full Section of Stomatology, streamlining care and training, enhancing expertise and promoting collaboration. Overall, this transformation reflects a significant shift in dental healthcare and academic leadership, shaping surgical dentistry in the region
Lest we forget: Johann Alexander Vogelsang—a pioneer in maxillofacial surgery in East Germany
No full textJohann Alexander Vogelsang, a pioneering figure in maxillofacial surgery, played an important role in developing this field in East Germany, particularly in Dresden. Born in 1890, Vogelsang pursued dentistry against his family's wishes, studying at several German universities before his education was interrupted by the First World War. His experiences treating facial injuries during the war significantly influenced his professional focus. After the war, he worked in Dresden, advancing maxillofacial surgery and overcoming significant challenges posed by the rise of National Socialism. Despite political repression, he continued his work, later contributing to the war effort in the Second World War. Postwar, Vogelsang was instrumental in rebuilding Dresden's dental medical infrastructure and establishing educational programs. His legacy endures through the institutions he helped build and the advancements he made in the field. This article chronicles his life, highlighting his contributions to dental and maxillofacial surgery and his lasting impact on medical practice and education in Dresden
Karl Jarmer (1898–1983): Dentist and first professor of dentistry in Dresden
No full textKarl Jarmer was the first professor of dentistry at the Medical Academy in Dresden (Germany). This article chronicles his life, his professional challenges, and the impact of his work, illustrated by theses, articles, books, and original sources from the archives of the Dresden University of Technology's Medical Faculty. His career encompassed a range of experiences, from running a private practice in Stettin to specializing in oral surgery. After serving in the First World War, his academic journey began with the completion of his dental license and doctorate in 1921. Later, he worked at the universities of Greifswald and Kiel before being appointed to the Chair of Dentistry in Dresden in 1954. His appointment triggered a professional rivalry with Johann Alexander Vogelsang, a key figure in Dresden's maxillofacial care, due to conflicting views on academic leadership. Jarmer made significant contributions to the development of dental education in Dresden and played an important role in shaping Dentistry at the young Medical Academy Dresden. Jarmer remained active in academic circles until his retirement in 1963. He died in 1983
Diabetes mellitus als gemeinsamer Risikofaktor für Periimplantitis und Parodontitis
No full textDie Lebensqualität kann durch Zahnverlust beeinträchtigt werden. Parodontitis ist eine Hauptursache für Zahnverlust und mit chronischen Erkrankungen wie Diabetes mellitus assoziiert. Dentale Implantate sind eine verbreitete Therapieoption, bergen jedoch das Risiko, dass sich eine Periimplantitis entwickelt, die ähnliche Risikofaktoren wie Parodontitis aufweist. Diabetes mellitus, insbesondere Diabetes mellitus Typ 2, ist durch Insulinresistenz und Hyperglykämie charakterisiert und betrifft weltweit Millionen von Menschen. Klinische Studien zeigen eine bidirektionale Beziehung zwischen Diabetes mellitus und Parodontitis, während die Evidenz für Diabetes mellitus als Risikofaktor für Periimplantitis derzeit unklar ist. Die interdisziplinäre Betreuung von Diabetes-mellitus-Erkrankten ist essenziell, um das Risiko von Parodontitis und Periimplantitis zu reduzieren. Eine sorgfältige Anamnese und individualisierte Nachsorge sind entscheidend für eine effektive Behandlung und Prävention. Dieser Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über relevante klinische Studien und bietet Empfehlungen für den klinischen Alltag
Systematic review and meta-analysis on prevalence and anamnestic risk factors for erosive tooth wear in the primary dentition
No full textBackground: Erosive tooth wear is a multifactorial and common condition in children.
Aim: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the prevalence and key risk factors for erosive tooth wear in the primary dentition of children up to 7 years of age.
Design: Electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science) were searched in February 2023 for observational studies reporting prevalence and anamnestic risk factors. Additionally, a manual hand search was performed. Meta-analyses were conducted for the prevalence and odds ratios of identified risk factors. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale modified for cross-sectional studies.
Results: A total of 26 sources, reporting on 23 studies, were included in the systematic review. The overall estimated prevalence of children with erosive tooth wear in the primary dentition amounted to 35.6% (95% CI: 24.8-48.1). Anamnestic factors were structured into domains. Meta-analyses revealed gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD; padj. = .008; OR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.37-2.87), consumption of acidic food (padj. < .001; OR = 5.14, 95% CI: 3.56-7.42) and acidic drinks (padj. < .001; OR = 6.90, 95% CI: 4.64-10.25), holding beverages in the mouth while drinking (padj. = .035; OR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.26-2.63), and snacking regularly (padj. = .041; OR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.18-2.10) to be significantly associated with erosive tooth wear.
Conclusion: Future research should use standardized questionnaires to assess erosive tooth wear and its underlying risk factors (PROSPERO: CRD4202339776)
Anamnestic risk factors for erosive tooth wear: Systematic review, mapping, and meta-analysis
No full textObjectives: Erosive tooth wear is a multifactorial condition. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to identify key risk factors for erosive tooth wear in permanent dentition.
Study selection: Observational studies reporting anamnestic risk factors for erosive tooth wear. Methodological quality and risk of bias were assessed using the modified Newcastle-Ottawa scale for cross-sectional studies. Risk factors were visually presented in a heatmap, and where possible, random-effects meta-analyses were performed for the odds ratios (ORs) of risk factors.
Sources: Electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science) and manual searches in February 2023. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD4202339776).
Data: A total of 87 publications reporting on 71 studies were included in the systematic review. The studies examined a variety of anamnestic risk factors (n = 80) that were categorized into ten domains (socio-demographics, socio-economics, general health, oral diseases, medication, oral hygiene, food, beverages, dietary habits, and leisure-related risk factors). Meta-analyses revealed significant associations between erosive tooth wear and male gender (padj.<0.001; OR=1.30, 95 % CI: 1.16-1.44), regurgitation (padj.=0.033; OR=2.27, 95 % CI: 1.41-3.65), digestive disorders (padj.<0.001; OR=1.81, 95 % CI: 1.48-2.21), consumption of acidic foods (padj.=0.033; OR=2.40, 95 % CI: 1.44-4.00), seasoning sauces (padj.=0.003; OR=1.28, 95 % CI: 1.13-1.44), nutritional supplements (padj.=0.019; OR=1.73, 95 % CI: 1.28-2.35), and carbonated drinks (padj.=0.019; OR=1.43, 95 % CI: 1.17-1.75). Most included studies exhibited low bias risk.
Conclusions: Observational studies investigated a variety of anamnestic risk factors for erosive tooth wear. Future studies should employ validated questionnaires, particularly considering the most important risk factors.
Clinical significance: Erosive tooth wear is a prevalent condition. Clinicians should concentrate primarily on symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease and dietary factors when screening patients at risk for erosive tooth wear
Systematic review and meta-analysis on prevalence and risk factors for gingival recession
No full textPerformance of large language models in reporting oral health concerns and side effects in head and neck cancer: a comparative study
No full textAbstract Purpose With increasing reliance on large language models (LLMs) for health information, this study evaluated reliability and quality, understandability, actionability, readability and misinformation risk of responses from LLMs to oral health concerns and oral side effects in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients. Methods Frequently asked questions on oral health and HNC therapy side effects were identified via ChatGPT–GPT-4-turbo and Gemini–2.5 Flash, then submitted to eight LLMs (ChatGPT–GPT-4-turbo, Gemini–2.5 Flash, Microsoft Copilot, Perplexity, Chatsonic, Mistral, Meta AI–Llama 4, DeepSeek–R1). Responses were assessed using DISCERN and modified DISCERN instruments (reliability and quality), Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool (PEMAT [understandability and actionability]), Flesch-Reading-Ease-Score (FRES [readability]), misinformation score, citations, and wordcounts. Statistical analysis was done by Scheirer-Ray-Hare-test followed by Dunn’s post-hoc-tests and Bonferroni-Holm correction ( p < 0.05). Results A total of 40 questions belonging to 12 oral health-related categories were identified. Statistically significant differences between LLMs were found for DISCERN, modified DISCERN, PEMAT-understandability, PEMAT-actionability, FRES, and word counts ( p < 0.001). Median DISCERN and modified DISCERN scores amounted from 47.0 (ChatGPT–GPT-4-turbo) to 59.0 (Perplexity, Chatsonic) and from 2.0 (Gemini–2.5 Flash, Mistral) to 5.0 (Perplexity) indicating good to fair reliability. LLMs were understandable (median PEMAT-understandability scores ≥ 75.0), but provided limited specific guidance (median PEMAT-actionability scores ≤ 40) and used complex language (median FRES ≤ 40.2). Misinformation risk was generally low and not statistically significant among LLMs ( p = 0.768). Conclusion Despite a low overall misinformation risk, deficits in actionability highlight the need for cautious integration of LLMs into HNC patient education
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