1,720,991 research outputs found
Ricerca e documentazione della stratificazione costruttiva del Borgo Castello di Calitri. Riuso e ricostruzioni dopo i grandi eventi sismici
No full textIn 1702 Calitri castle appeared as an imposing building with four large corner towers. Numerous
seismic events over a millennium have transformed the castle with collapses, renovations and
extensions. The earthquake of 1694 determined important transformations and the abandonment of the
fortified building. Between the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, the fortification was decomposed
and transformed into an urban village on the remains of the old medieval factories.
In the twentieth century, before the 1910 and 1980 earthquakes which damaged the structures, Calitri
Castle “borgo”, built on the ruins of the castle and of the city walls, appeared as a large rural village,
result of stratified changes in the time. Medieval remains of the Norman and Angevin fortress pertaining
to the Castrum and relevant structures of the sixteenth-century Palatium, are visible.
The restoration project of the village carried out by the Superintendency is part of a wider project to
enhance heritage. The hypotheses of experimental projects for reconstruction in collapsed areas are
strategies for re-use and cultural tourism between Campania, Puglia and Basilicata regions. The matter
of "to build in built" is a sustainable research in material resources that represents a close link with
tradition, identity of the places, history and characters of this landscape
Digital mapping, building technique and petrographic characterisation of stones from Opera Punta Rossa fortification (Caprera, north Sardinia)
No full textThe Opera Punta Rossa fortification was built at the end of XIX century (1887) on the south of Caprera island (north Sardinia), when returned to thinking of La Maddalena archipelago as a strategic military centre, no longer determining in relation to the only French border, but to the much larger chessboard of the Western Mediterranean. It is of singular interest not only for the functional parameters but, above all, for its imposing appearance with wide dimensions, and other many interesting technical-architectural aspects: laying modes of wall structural elements (i.e., for access portals, intrados of vaults, moldings, architraves, jambs, thresholds, cantons), use and working technics of the granite stone expertly molded for the thick masonry, characterized by the presence of loopholes and continuous modulation of materials with moldings and worked stone ashlars to highlight the wall surface. The geomaterials used are local rocks outcropping in the area of Opera Punta Rossa, belonging to the Paleozoic granitic pluton of Gallura and to the associated filonean bodies (Upper Permian - Carboniferous, between about 320 and 270 million years ago).
In the fortification have been mainly used the "granite" rocks (substantially biotitic granites and granodiorites) and subordinately also the filonean rocks (especially for irregular ashlars) with variable colours and dacitic-rhyodacitic composition. Generally, the cornices and the openings were made with the lighter greyish granite facies. The stone elements were laid in place using lime or hydraulic / pozzolanic based mortars. Conglomerates and cement-based concretes were used for throwing pitches in even thicker castings. In some subsequent renovations, bricks were also used.
The photographic and digital relief was carried out using laser scanner methodologies, which has allowed to define the conservation status of the Opera Punta Rossa complex, producing a 3D model of the current state of building
Note per una lettura critica delle stratificazioni storiche nel castello di Gallipoli (LE) (paragrafi "La fase interpretativa", "Prospettive di conservazione e valorizzazione", pp. 552-555)
No full textThe castle of Gallipoli is a mighty quadrangle equipped with a Rivellino. It was built to protect the ancient village and integral part of an urban-scale defense system consisting of a fortified ring of walls reinforced by massive bastions too. It is a complex architectural organism, result of innumerable stratifications difficult to be identified in their temporal sequence. Objective of this study is to reconstruct - on the basis of new surveying - the main building steps, whose identification is possible through a critical-interpretative exercise that is by comparing some data as a result of a historical research with the stratigraphic reading of the elevated buildings. Countless architectural issues are to be solved with a view to restoration and to which we try to give a response by considering the identity of the monument and the environmental context which the monument belongs to. At the beginning of the cognitive process a systematic survey of the building was carried out with tools and techniques set up from time to time to achieve the intended objective. The topographic support base was in fact integrated: by the celerimetric survey of the outer walls and of the internal courtyard, by the direct survey of the individual inner rooms, by the laser scanner survey for the structure of the Rivellino in bad conditions, by the photo-modelling techniques by means of terrestrial and aerial drone shots for the restitution of wall and roof textures. Not easy the solution for Rivellino that was added by Francesco di Giorgio Martini at the end of the fifteenth century. He created a single fortified complex for a better defense of the Gallipoli port, later partly destroyed and so separated from the castle for new defense and security reasons. In recent times the Castle became seat of the customhouse and of the guard of finance, the Rivellino an open-air cinema. Nowadays both of them lost their functions. At the present time is it plausible to maintain the separation or to restore the lost unity by appealing to a creative solution? This is the question and it could be proposed a return of the original unit.The castle of Gallipoli is a mighty quadrangle equipped with a Rivellino. It was built to protect the ancient village and integral part of an urban-scale defense system consisting of a fortified ring of walls reinforced by massive bastions too. It is a complex architectural organism, result of innumerable stratifications difficult to be identified in their temporal sequence. Objective of this study is to reconstruct - on the base of new surveying - the main building steps, whose identification is possible through a critical-interpretative exercise that is by comparing some data as a result of a historical research with the stratigraphic reading of the elevated buildings. Countless architectural issues are to be solved with a view to restoration and to which we try to give a response by considering the identity of the monument and the environmental context which the monument belongs to. At the beginning of the cognitive process a systematic survey of the building was carried out with tools and techniques set up from time to time to achieve the intended objective. The topographic support base was in fact integrated: by the celerimetric survey of the outer walls and of the internal courtyard, by the direct survey of the individual inner rooms, by the laser scanner survey for the structure of the Rivellino in bad conditions, by the photo-modelling techniques by means of terrestrial and aerial drone shots for the restitution of wall and roof textures.Not easy the solution for Rivellino that was added by Francesco di Giorgio Martini at the end of the fifteenth century. He created a single fortified complex for a better defense of the Gallipoli port, later partly destroyed and so separated from the castle for new defense and security reasons. In recent times the Castle became seat of the customhouse and of the guard of finance, the Rivellino an open-air cinema. Nowadays both of them lost their functions. At the present time is it plausible to maintain the separation or to restore the lost unity by appealing to a creative solution? This is the question and it could be proposed a return of the original unit
Paesaggi sublimi. Un parco per valorizzare il patrimonio paesaggistico militare delle colline del Golfo della Spezia
No full textThe Gulf of La Spezia presents a heritage of architecture and military works among the richest and most
impressive in Europe plunged into a system landscapes and natural ecosystems of exceptional beauty and
great biodiversity. Around the Military Arsenal, there are 62 artefacts, which constituted a capillary
defence system perfectly integrated in the morphology of the gulf and capable of functioning as a great
defence and attack machine. The city, while benefiting from this strategic military activity of national
rank, in the course of the twentieth century had to yield huge spaces of its territory to this dominant
function. Facing the disuse and the ruin of its artefacts in recent times, the Liguria base opens to scenarios
for the divestment of some areas to civic uses. In this context, the fortifications on the hilly arch
surrounding the city are currently lacking in any public or private interest. This system of fortifications is
an exceptional opportunity to enhance the "green belt" which, from the top of its hills, surrounds the city,
transforming the military functions into cultural and social functions with a territorial Ecomuseum. In this
context, the project of the Parco delle Mura aims at favouring the initiation of this transformation process
Notes for a critical analysis of the historical stratifications in the Gallipoli Castle
No full textThe castle of Gallipoli is a mighty quadrangle equipped with a Rivellino. It was built to protect the ancient village and integral part of an urban-scale defense system consisting of a fortified ring of walls reinforced by massive bastions too.
It is a complex architectural organism, result of innumerable stratifications difficult to be identified in their temporal sequence. Objective of this study is to reconstruct – on the base of new surveying- the main building steps, whose identification is possible through a critical- interpretative exercise that is by comparing some data as a result of a historical research with the stratigraphic reading of the elevated buildings.Countless architectural issues are to be solved with a view to restoration and to which we try to give a response by considering the identity of the monument and the environmental context which the monument belongs to.At the beginning of the cognitive process a systematic survey of the building was carried out with tools and techniques set up from time to time to achieve the intended objective.
The topographic support base was in fact integrated: by the celerimetric survey of the outer walls and of the internal courtyard, by the direct survey of the individual inner rooms, by the laser scanner survey for the structure of the Rivellino in bad conditions, by the photo-modelling techniques by means of terrestrial and aerial drone shots for the restitution of wall and roof textures.Not easy the solution for Rivellino that was added by Francesco di Giorgio Martini at the end of the fifteenth century. He created a single fortified complex for a better defense of the Gallipoli port, later partly destroyed and so separated from the castle for new defense and security reasons.
In recent times the Castle became seat of the customhouse and of the guard of finance, the Rivellino an open-air cinema. Nowadays both of them lost their functions.
At the present time is it plausible to maintain the separation or to restore the lost unity by appealing to a creative solution? This is the question and - always of course considering the surviving formal elements - it could be proposed a return of the original unit
Modern Age Fortification of the Medieval City Walls of Volterra, Tuscany
No full textThe city of Volterra in Tuscany still preserves almost all its medieval walls, built from 1260 to 1266, which incorporated the south-eastern side of the oldest walls of the 4th-century BC. In 1472, following the definitive loss of the city's independence, the Florentine occupation government decided to build a great fortress, designed by Francione, which represents a worthy example of military architecture of the second half of the 15th-century. From 1545 to 1551, the urban defenses of the northern side were reinforced with the construction of a new bastion near the “Porta Fiorentina”, designed by Giovan Battista Bellucci. The Florentine Fortress and the bastion represent the only two known examples of military architecture built in Volterra during the Modern Age. Some studies carried out within the activities of the “Laboratorio Universitario Volterrano” of the University of Pisa, have highlighted the presence of widespread strengthening interventions along all the northern side of the medieval walls starting from the mid-16th-century. Based on these studies, this research aims to demonstrate the existence of a coherent project of fortification, which led to the realization of a new complete bastioned front along the northern side of the walls between the 16th and the 17th-century
La residenza imperiale di Napoleone all’interno del forte di San Giacomo a Porto Longone sull’isola d’Elba
Full text linkPaesaggio storico urbano: la cortina di San Guglielmo a Cagliari
No full textAround the mid-nineteenth century, complying with the new ideal of modern city, Cagliari is equipped with beautification and rehabilitation plans that redesign the historic city, still closed within the perimeter of the fortification works. With the demolition of large sections of the bastioned fronts and the plan to straighten the urban road network, historical blocks and roads can be redrawn, and new axes of connection between the historic districts and the new nineteenth-century city are planned. The proposed case study deals with the demolition of a section of the sixteenth century curtain of the Bastion of San Guglielmo, demolished in order to open a passage for the connection of the Castello district with the new civil hospital
Architettura fortificata e paesaggi rurali nel sud della Cina
No full textThe research deals with the study of a part of fortified architecture found in two coastal regions of Southeast China, Guangdong and Fujian, as an experience of ways of living, which is based on an idea of territory as "palimpsest", stratification of elements linked to intangible facts, history and memory of places that in different ways determine culture and identity of a territory. The relationship between urban morphology, architecture and geography is investigated as a possible project tool starting from an assumption that considers the territory as "system-architecture". Both studied areas, are rich in rivers, canals and lush vegetation and are characterized by a warm and humid tropical climate. Architectural characters of the analyzed case studies therefore represent a balanced combination of traditional Chinese and Western elements, due to their geographical location in historically crossroads of different cultures. UNESCO has already recognized the value of these architectural heritage in 2007, but the knowledge of these places and architectures is still very little investigated
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