1,721,115 research outputs found
COVID-19 outbreak in Italy: experimental chest X-ray scoring system for quantifying and monitoring disease progression
No full textSevere Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a new virus recently isolated from humans. SARS-CoV-2 was discovered to be the pathogen responsible for a cluster of pneumonia cases associated with severe respiratory disease that occurred in December 2019 in China. This novel pulmonary infection, formally called Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), has spread rapidly in China and beyond. On 8 March 2020, the number of Italians with SARS-CoV-2 infection was 7375 with a 48% hospitalization rate. At present, chest-computed tomography imaging is considered the most effective method for the detection of lung abnormalities in early-stage disease and quantitative assessment of severity and progression of COVID-19 pneumonia. Although chest X-ray (CXR) is considered not sensitive for the detection of pulmonary involvement in the early stage of the disease, we believe that, in the current emergency setting, CXR can be a useful diagnostic tool for monitoring the rapid progression of lung abnormalities in infected patients, particularly in intensive care units. In this short communication, we present our experimental CXR scoring system that we are applying to hospitalized patients with COVID-19 pneumonia to quantify and monitor the severity and progression of this new infectious disease. We also present the results of our preliminary validation study on a sample of 100 hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection for whom the final outcome (recovery or death) was available
Ruolo della Risonanza Magnetica nella staziazione e nel follow-up delle neoplasie laringee
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Vaccination and Reduced Severity of COVID-19 Pneumonia Visualized with Chest Radiography
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Five-rooted permanent maxillary second molar: CBCT findings of an extremely rare anatomical variant
No full textPermanent maxillary second molars (MSMs) are the most difficult teeth to treat endodontically because of their complex root canal system. Most MSMs have 3 roots with 3 root canals; however, variations in the root canal configuration and in the number of roots are common. The presence of extra roots in MSMs has been described by several authors, and the reported incidence of 4-rooted MSMs ranges from 0.98% to 5.6%. However, extremely few cases have been reported in the literature in which a living human subject was found to have a 5-rooted MSM. The present report describes the first case of a 5-rooted MSM in a white European subject diagnosed by cone-beam computed tomography
New Developments in Imaging of Laryngeal Cancer
No full textPurpose of Review: To critically review the recent literature about laryngeal cancer imaging using a clinically oriented perspective and focusing on technical innovations. Recent Findings: A number of articles have been recently published on cartilage invasion assessment. Inaccuracy of CT in assessing major cartilage invasion and extralaryngeal spread has emerged. Imaging of paraglottic and preepiglottic space invasion has been less investigated. MR can outperform CT, but optimization of MR protocols is crucial. Dual-energy/spectral CT and diffusion-weighted MR are promising techniques, but their clinical utility needs to be confirmed. Tumor volume is usually overestimated with CT and MR compared to that of histopathology. Follow-up, especially after (chemo) radiation, is challenging, and MR with diffusion-weighted sequences seems superior to CT in discriminating recurrence from inflammatory changes. Summary: CT is a well-established technique, with known limitations. MR potential needs to be exploited using a state-of-the-art technique. Specific relevant issues for planning mini invasive surgery need to be further investigated
The Role of Morphologic and Functional Imaging in Pretreatment Assessment
No full textAnterior skull base (ASB) tumors can be classified into three groups according to their site of origin: (1) sinonasal neoplasms involving or extending through the anterior cranial base; (2) neoplasms which arise from the bony framework of the base itself; (3) neoplasms originating from adjacent intracranial structures. With few exceptions, most of these tumors have a non-specific appearance on CT and MRI, which limits the role of imaging in terms of characterization. However, treatment planning (transnasal endoscopic surgery in particular) mostly depends upon the tumor map, exploiting the potential of modern cross-sectional imaging. As a result, the radiologist who has to evaluate a neoplasm involving the ASB needs to be fully aware of all the technical solutions available and the specific strengths/weaknesses of the different imaging techniques. Knowledge of radiological anatomy (and its variants) is also essential, which includes the ability to translate the CT appearance of structures into the equivalent MR signal (and vice versa). These main prerequisites have to be combined with up-to-date knowledge of treatment options and surgical procedures in order to be able to create a reporting checklist covering all the aspects that are essential for clinical decision making
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