134 research outputs found
Looking beyond election pledges
No full text Dr Jo Verrill, managing director, Ceeda, introduces About Early Years, a sponsored sector-wide research programme that aims to shape a childcare strategy that will support the life chances of every child. </jats:p
Heterogorgia Verrill 1868
No full textHeterogorgia Verrill, 1868 Heterogorgia Verrill, 1868: 413; Verrill 1869: 450 (emended); Studer 1887: 57; Wright & Studer 1889: 55; Nutting 1910: 87; Kükenthal 1919: 844; Kükenthal 1924: 229 –230; Bayer 1956: F 206; Harden 1979: 112; Bayer 1981: 931; Castro 1990: 412 –415; Breedy & Guzman 2005: 801 –803; Vargas et al. 2010: 4; Castro et al. 2010: 776. Type species: Heterogorgia verrucosa Verrill, 1868, by subsequent designation (Nutting 1910: 87). Diagnosis. (see also Verrill 1868; Castro 1990; Castro et al. 2010; Breedy & Guzman 2005). The axis is horny, and colonies are composed of a number of stout stems that branch laterally and irregularly and arise from a conspicuous spreading holdfast. Coenenchyme is thin to moderately thick, mostly with a granulose surface. All sclerites are colourless. Coenenchymal sclerites are: radiates, strongly and unevenly tuberculated spindles, that may be branched, irregular spindle-derived forms, and crosses with the four arms of the same or different length. Polyps are retractile within protruding calyces; neck zone of the anthocodiae is without sclerites. Polyps are from bright yellow to colourless when alive and whitish when preserved in ethanol. Anthocodiae have a well defined collaret consisting of transverse rows of long, strong, bent spindles, and points consisting of long spiny spindles en chevron; some of the point spindles have a spiny tip which is in distal position. These sclerites vary in size and shape according to the species, but the same basic forms occur in each species. Calyces are prominent with a lobed rim that is armed with different numbers of whorls of strongly projecting thorns whose size and ornamentation is characteristic of each species. In carefully dried specimens the thorn arrangements of the calyx rim can be easily observed. According to Verrill (1868) the name Heterogorgia alludes to the remarkable diversity in the sizes and shapes of the sclerites. The colour of the colonies is white, beige or greyish; when the colonies are dry or ethanol preserved, they acquire darker hues. Remarks. About 14 species, excluding Verrill’s species, have been assigned to this genus (Pallas 1766; Germanos 1896; Thomson & Henderson 1905; Thomson & Crane 1909; Nutting 1910; Kükenthal 1924), which present a wide morphological diversity, corroborating Verrill’s (1912) statement that Heterogorgia was misunderstood by Nutting (1910) and some other authors. In reality, the genus probably became a “catch all” because it was not properly defined by Verrill himself, as mentioned above. The errant species, still recorded as belonging to Heterogorgia, fit in the genera, Astromuricea Germanos, 1896, Bebryce Philippi, 1841, Echinogorgia Kölliker, 1865, and Psammogorgia Verrill, 1868 (see Table 1). However; a thorough revision of these genera has to be made in order to identify the actual species with some certainty. (*) Author who transferred the original species to the genus Heterogorgia; (?) Uncertain genus.Published as part of Breedy, Odalisca & Guzman, Hector M., 2011, A revision of the genus Heterogorgia Verrill, 1868 (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Plexauridae), pp. 27-44 in Zootaxa 2995 on pages 28-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20111
Cardiotoxicity of anthracycline agents for the treatment of cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
No full textBackground: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to clarify the risk of early and late cardiotoxicity of anthracycline agents in patients treated for breast or ovarian cancer, lymphoma, myeloma or sarcoma.Methods: Randomized controlled trials were sought using comprehensive searches of electronic databases in June 2008. Reference lists of retrieved articles were also scanned for additional articles. Outcomes investigated were early or late clinical and sub-clinical cardiotoxicity. Trial quality was assessed, and data were pooled through meta-analysis where appropriate.Results: Fifty-five published RCTs were included; the majority were on women with advanced breast cancer. A significantly greater risk of clinical cardiotoxicity was found with anthracycline compared with non-anthracycline regimens (OR 5.43 95% confidence interval: 2.34, 12.62), anthracycline versus mitoxantrone (OR 2.88 95% confidence interval: 1.29, 6.44), and bolus versus continuous anthracycline infusions (OR 4.13 95% confidence interval: 1.75, 9.72). Risk of clinical cardiotoxicity was significantly lower with epirubicin versus doxorubicin (OR 0.39 95% confidence interval: 0.20, 0.78), liposomal versus non-liposomal doxorubicin (OR 0.18 95% confidence interval: 0.08, 0.38) and with a concomitant cardioprotective agent (OR 0.21 95% confidence interval: 0.13, 0.33). No statistical heterogeneity was found for these pooled analyses. A similar pattern of results were found for subclinical cardiotoxicity; with risk significantly greater with anthracycline containing regimens and bolus administration; and significantly lower risk with epirubicin, liposomal doxorubicin versus doxorubicin but not epirubicin, and with concomitant use of a cardioprotective agent. Low to moderate statistical heterogeneity was found for two of the five pooled analyses, perhaps due to the different criteria used for reduction in Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction. Meta-analyses of any cardiotoxicity (clinical and subclinical) showed moderate to high statistical heterogeneity for four of five pooled analyses; criteria for any cardiotoxic event differed between studies. Nonetheless the pattern of results was similar to those for clinical or subclinical cardiotoxicity described above.Conclusions: Evidence is not sufficiently robust to support clear evidence-based recommendations on different anthracycline treatment regimens, or for routine use of cardiac protective agents or liposomal formulations. There is a need to improve cardiac monitoring in oncology trials.<br/
Leptaxinus minutus Verrill & Bush 1898
No full textLeptaxinus minutus Verrill & Bush, 1898 (Fig. 30) Material examined. All from Gulf of Cadiz; two live-collected specimens, MSM01-03, stn 242 GKG 13, Mercator mud volcano, 35 º 17.870 'N, 06º 38.810 'W, 350 m, 6 May 2006 (DBUA 00835.01); one live-collected specimen, TTR 16, stn AT 608 Gr, Darwin mud volcano, 35 º 23.531 N, 07º 11.475 W, 1115 m, 30 May 2006 (DBUA 00836.01); two live-collected specimens, TTR 16, stn AT 604 Gr, Yuma mud volcano, 35 º 25.820 N, 07º 06.330W, 1030 m, 29 May 2006 (DBUA 00836.02). PLATE 4. Figures 24–25: Thyasira (Parathyasira) granulosa (Monterosato, 1874), Fig. 24 stn 321 GKG 22, Meknès mud volcano, 732 m (DBUA 00828.03), Fig. 25 stn 242 GKG 13, Mercator mud volcano, 350 m (DBUA 00828.02); Fig. 26 Thyasira obsoleta (Verrill & Bush, 1898) stn 190 MUC 8, Captain Arutyunov mud volcano, 1322 m, (DBUA 00831.02); Fig. 27 Thyasira tortuosa (Jeffreys, 1881) AT 622 Gr, Porto mud volcano, 3902 m (DBUA 00830.01); Fig. 28 Axinulus croulinensis (Jeffreys, 1847) stn 242 GKG 13, Mercator mud volcano, 350 m (DBUA 00832.02); Fig. 29 Mendicula ferruginosa (Forbes, 1844) stn AT 575 B, Mercator mud volcano, 355 m (DBUA 000834.01); Fig. 30 Leptaxinus minutus Verrill & Bush, 1898, stn AT 608 Gr, Darwin mud volcano, 1115 m (DBUA 00836.01). Remarks. Leptaxinus minutus is rather tumid with a distinctly angular posterior outline but lacking a posterior sinus. The hinge is well developed with weak lateral folds and a tubercular cardinal. It was described from the northwest Atlantic and has been recorded from Norway and Iceland (Ockelmann in Oliver & Killeen 2002). The Gulf of Cadiz specimens agree well with the shell figured by Oliver and Killeen (2002, Pl. 25 C, D) but comes from a much greater depth. Dufour (2005) did not examine this species but the Gulf of Cadiz specimens have a Type 2 gill with a single demibranch and according to similar forms described by this author, it will doubtfully be symbiotic.Published as part of Rodrigues, Clara F., Oliver, Graham & Cunha, Marina R., 2008, Thyasiroidea (Mollusca: Bivalvia) from the mud volcanoes of the Gulf of Cadiz (NE Atlantic), pp. 41-56 in Zootaxa 1752 on pages 50-52, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.27424
Loimia bermudensis , Verrill 1900
No full text<i>Loimia bermudensis</i> Verrill, 1900 <p>Figures 9 A-H</p> <p> <i>Loimia bermudensis</i>, Verrill, 1900:664–665.</p> <p> <i>Type material:</i> Syntypes YPM 1018 (1) Bermuda, 1900; coll. A.E. Verrill, Exp. YPM 1088 (1) Bailey Bay, Bermuda, 1898; coll. A.E. Verrill, Exp. Low water, under stones (in poor condition). Slide YPM 36713–14 (notopodia and neuropodia, in poor condition).</p> <p> <i>Description:</i> Best syntype (YPM 1018) incomplete, with 33 segments, 29mm long, thorax 17mm long, 5mm wide (Fig. 9A). Tentacular membrane short, narrow, rounded edge with mid-dorsal discontinuity dividing membrane in two; eyespots absent; tentacles missing. Upper lip short, narrow, damaged. Lower lip short, hidden by segment 1 (Fig. 9B). First pair of lateral lappets projecting forwards, with well-developed lateral margins laterally surrounding tentacular membrane (Fig. 9C), and ventrally lower lip; second pair damaged, with wide base, not connected to ventral shield, and with dorsal edge almost as long as first lateral lappet, slightly developed, not covering base of branchiae. Ten ventral shields from segment 3; first shield shorter; second shield the largest, divided in two, with anterior portion shorter; next three shields decreasing in size posteriorly; last 5 shields all of similar size. Next thoracic segments with smooth ventral gap between neuropodia. Abdomen without mid-ventral longitudinal groove. Nephridial papillae not seen. Notopodial glandular tissue absent. Branchiae branched, spiralled, but damaged in the specimen (Fig. 9D). Notochaetae of two lengths, unilimbate, pointed; chaetae with some longitudinal striations (Fig. 9E) appear as fringes due to chaetal damage. Uncini from segment 5–10 pectinate (Fig. 9F), with five aligned equal-sized teeth; PP developed, angular; PF absent; Oc long, concave; Cp with 1 vertical row of five teeth, equal-sized; USr concave; SrP absent; LSr convex; AP with thin and long AF, projected downward; Bs strongly convex. Uncini from segments 11–20 (Fig. 9G) pectinate, with five aligned equal-sized teeth; abdominal uncini pectinate, smaller (Fig. 9H), with five aligned equal-sized teeth. Abdominal neuropodia well developed, as swollen lappets with short rows of uncini. Pygidium missing.</p> <p> <i>Variation:</i> It is not possible to find variation since the second syntype (YPM 1088) is in poor condition and there are no more additional specimens. Moreover, the slides are also in poor condition.</p> <p> <i>Discussion:</i> This species was synonymized with <i>L. medusa</i> (Savigny <i>in</i> Lamarck, 1822) by Hartman (1942). Nevertheless, although <i>L. bermudensis</i> is similar to <i>L. medusa</i> in terms of the number of teeth in both thoracic and abdominal uncini, they differ in the shape of the uncini. <i>L. medusa</i> has uncini with teeth decreasing in size, and uncini with a well-developed subrostral process. This uncinal condition could give an appearance of the uncini as being avicular. In contrast, <i>L. bermudensis</i> has uncini with teeth almost all the same size, without a major variation in the size, and uncini without subrostrum process; this uncinal condition gives the uncini its pectinate appearance. Thus, it could be possible that some material from the Grand Caribbean reported as <i>L. medusa</i> may belong to <i>L. bermudensis</i>. A revision of the genus <i>Loimia</i> is almost completed and will be published by the author and collaborators in the near future.</p> <p> <i>Type locality and distribution:</i> Bailey Bay, Bermuda.</p>Published as part of <i>Londoño-Mesa, Mario H., 2009, Terebellidae (Polychaeta: Terebellida) from the Grand Caribbean region 2320, pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 2320 (1)</i> on page 37, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2320.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/5316176">http://zenodo.org/record/5316176</a>
Helobdella modesta Siddall et al. 2005
No full textHelobdella modesta (Verrill, 1872) Siddall et al., 2005 Figure 16 Specimens all correspond to the description of H. modesta due to the presence of an obvious chitinous nuchal scute on the dorsal surface of VIII, one pair of eyespots, and the absence of dorsal or ventral papillation or pigmentation. The presence of a nuchal scute had led previous taxonomists to synonymize almost every previously described species exhibiting this characteristic under the name Helobdella stagnalis Linnaeus, 1758. Siddall et al. (2005), using a phylogenetic perspective, resurrected Helobdella modesta (Verrill, 1872) for the North American species. Found on the underside of submerged rocks and wood.Published as part of Oceguera-Figueroa, Alejandro, Kvist, Sebastian, Watson, Sara C., Sankar, Dominic F., Overstreet, Robin M. & Siddall, Mark E., 2010, Leech Collections from Washington State, with the Description of Two New Species of Placobdella (Annelida: Glossiphoniidae), pp. 1-16 in American Museum Novitates 2010 (3701) on page 10, DOI: 10.1206/3701.2, http://zenodo.org/record/535918
Annotated record of the detailed examination of Mn deposits from the Albatross 1884 stations
No full texthe exploration of the Gulf Stream region was continued in 1884, under nearly the same conditions as in 1883, by the steamer Albatross, Lieut. Z. L. Tanner, commander. During the four trips, between July 20 and Sept. 13, sixty nine dredgings (at stations 2170 to 2238) were made. The results were highly satisfactory, both in the way of physical observatidns and zoological discoveries. In some localities, in 1000 to 1600 fathoms, the bottom was found covered with 0or largely composed of hard, very irregular, flattened, crust-like concretions of clay and iron-oxide, with more or less manganese∑oxide in the crevices and worm-burrows with which they are filled. Sometimes a barrel-full, or more, of such masses were brought up, varying in size from a few ounces up to 20 pounds or more in weight alld from one inch to six inches in thickness
Introduction to sessions on 'Optimizing the implementation of future treatments – time to abandon traditional methods'
No full textRecruitment crisis is already here
No full text Sector-wide, research estimates that there are currently 24,600 situations vacant. With settings finding these hard to fill, the government needs to act before there is a shortage of available childcare places. </jats:p
- …
