856 research outputs found
Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Satisfaction with Life Scale: Replication and Methodological Refinement
No full text A 1994 study by Shevlin and Bunting indicated the unidimensionality of the Satisfaction With Life Scale of Diener, Emmons, Larsen, and Griffen and the use of a single-factor confirmatory model; however, due to a small sample their method or estimating procedure was limited. The aim of the present study was to replicate and extend the analysis of Shevlin and Bunting by examining the data from 213 college students. The data were successfully fitted to a single-factor confirmatory model using, first, polychoric correlations analysed with the maximum likelihood method, as used by Shevlin and Bunting, and, second, using polychoric correlations analysed by weighted least squares, as suggested by Jöreskog and Sörbom. These findings replicate and extend those of Shevlin and Bunting and further confirm the unidimensionality of the scale. </jats:p
Supplementary materials to "ICD-11 prolonged grief disorder, physical health, and somatic problems: A systematic review"
No full textSupplementary materials to: Cunningham, J., Shevlin, M., Cerda, C., & McElroy, E. (2025). ICD-11 prolonged grief disorder, physical health, and somatic problems: A systematic review. Clinical Psychology in Europe, 7(1), Article e14351. https://doi.org/10.32872/cpe.14351The Supplementary Materials contain online appendices A-E (Appendix A: JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Analytical Cross-Sectional Studies, Appendix B: JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Cohort Studies, Appendix C: Standardized Data Extraction Sheet, Appendix D: Descriptions of the included studies, and Appendix E: References from Systematic Review).unknownunknow
Shame- and guilt-proneness as mediators of PTSD/DSO symptoms in young adults
No full textThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between trauma exposure, shame and guilt proneness and the development of PTSD and Disturbances in Self‐Organisation (DSO) symptoms in young adults. Specifically, we hypothesised that trauma exposure would be positively correlated with PTSD and DSO symptoms and that shame and guilt would mediate this relationship. A total of 160 young adults participated in this study. Three models were tested: (1) a model with direct effects from trauma exposure to PTSD and DSO, (2) an indirect effects model where the direct paths were constrained and (3) a full model with both direct and indirect effects. Shame and guilt proneness showed a strong correlation with PTSD and DSO. Direct effects revealed that trauma exposure predicted PTSD, DSO, guilt and shame proneness. Guilt had a strong effect on PTSD, while shame had the strongest effect on DSO. Indirect effects showed that trauma exposure significantly predicted both PTSD and DSO through heightened guilt and shame. The strongest indirect relationships were trauma exposure to PTSD via guilt and trauma exposure to DSO via shame. This study demonstrates that trauma exposure is associated with heightened levels of shame and guilt proneness, which, in turn, predict greater severity of PTSD and DSO symptoms. These findings suggest that emotional regulation, particularly in relation to shame and guilt proneness, should be targeted in interventions for trauma‐related disorders. Future research should further explore the role of these emotions in the development of complex PTSD
Supplemental Material, Supplemental_material - The Authoritarian Dynamic During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Nationalism and Anti-Immigrant Sentiment
No full textSupplemental Material, Supplemental_material for The Authoritarian Dynamic During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Nationalism and Anti-Immigrant Sentiment by Todd K. Hartman, Thomas V. A. Stocks, Ryan McKay, Jilly Gibson-Miller, Liat Levita, Anton P. Martinez, Liam Mason, Orla McBride, Jamie Murphy, Mark Shevlin, Kate M. Bennett, Philip Hyland, Thanos Karatzias, Frédérique Vallières and Richard P. Bentall in Social Psychological and Personality Science</p
Rational Beliefs act as Cognitive Protective Factors against Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms
No full textListening to the voices of pupils: an alternative route to a balanced curriculum for junior middle schools in China
No full textThe development and understanding of curriculum are much influenced by learners’ cognitive and intellectual development. Since breadth, balance, relevance and differentiation are the four main factors to consider in the process of planning, implementing and assessing curriculum, this essay aims to provide the educators with a critical overview of the curriculum for junior middle schools in China with a focus on the issue of balance. In so doing, the author emphasizes with the support of a range of literature in the UK context the importance of voices of pupils (Garner & Sandow, 1995, Shevlin & Rose, 2003) in their intellectual development and academic attainment in regards of curriculum (Byers and Rose 2004, Darling, 1994, Sebba et al 1995). Meanwhile, the author listens to the perspectives of pupils with special educational needs as consumers on the current curriculum in their schools which show a strong desire for a balanced curriculum (Farrell, 1997; Rayner, 1998; McLaughlin & Tilstone, 2000). The author tends to argue by analyzing the sample curricular in two key junior middle schools of two cities in a province in China that there still exists a lack of balance in the curriculum in terms of the time allocation for the core and peripheral subjects and the balance within individual subjects in teaching and learning. The author thus suggests the decision makers of the curriculum and those who are involved in the implementing of the curriculum listen and respond to the voices as an alternative route to identify the causes for the failure of meeting the expectations of the curriculum by those pupils with special needs and develop a much appropriate balance in curriculum for them
Experiences of workplace bullying among ‘non-traditional’ students: Cause for concern for both business and education?
No full textWorkplace bullying (WPB) has been identified as an insidious
aspect of the contemporary work environment (Einarsen, Höel, Zapf, & Cooper, 2003). The present study had three related aims (i) to determine current and prior personal experience of WPB among a sample of 295 adults returning to tertiary education, (ii) to further explore the ‘work environment hypothesis’ (Einarsen,
Raknes, & Matthiesen, 1994; Mc Guckin, Lewis, & Shevlin, under review) as an antecedent in the WPB process by examining the relationship between the ‘psychosocial workplace’ and exposure to WPB (Varhama & Björkqvist, 2004a, b; Varhama et al., 2010), and (iii) to explore the relationship between exposure to WPB and salient work and life attitude variables (Mc Guckin et al., under
review). Overall, 32.4% (n = 93) of the respondents had been bullied in the previous 6 months, 42.1% (n = 120) had witnessed colleagues being bullied during this period, and 56.8% (n = 162) had been bullied in their previous career. The collective influence of the hypothesised antecedent variables (i.e., ‘Challenge’, ‘Social Climate’, ‘Leadership’, ‘Work Control’, ‘Work Load’, ‘Role Conflict’,
and ‘Role Ambiguity’) explained a significant proportion of the variance in relation to self-reported personal experience of workplace bullying. Exposure to workplace bullying was significantly related to impaired ‘work and life attitudes’
Irrational beliefs in posttraumatic stress responses: A Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy approach
No full textThe current study aimed to test a key theoretical prediction of Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy theory by assessing the role of general and trauma-specific irrational beliefs in the prediction of posttraumatic stress responses. A sample (N = 313) of trauma-exposed emergency service workers participated in the study. Structural equation modelling results demonstrated that an REBT-based model provided satisfactory model fit and explained 89% of variance in posttraumatic stress symptomology. Theoretical predictions were supported with results demonstrating that general-level irrationality indirectly impacted posttraumatic stress responses via a set of trauma-specific irrational beliefs. Results indicate the importance of irrational beliefs in predicting posttraumatic stress responses
Out of the blue: Untangling the association between impulsivity and planning in self-harm
No full textBackground: Planned and unplanned acts of self-harm may have distinct clinical and psychological correlates. Trait impulsivity is one factor that might be expected to determine whether self-harm is planned. Research so far has focussed on suicide attempts and little is known about how individuals engaging in planned and unplanned acts of self-harm differ. The aim of the current study was to examine how individuals who report planned self-harm, unplanned self-harm, and no self-harm differ in terms of impulsivity and affective symptoms (depression, anxiety, activated mood).
Method: An online survey of University students (n = 1350) was undertaken including measures of impulsivity, affective symptoms and self-harm. Analyses made use of a multinomial logistic regression model with affective and cognitive forms of impulsivity estimated as latent variables.
Results: Trait affective impulsivity, but not cognitive, was a general risk factor for whether self-harm occurred. There was no evidence of differences between planned and unplanned self-harm. Affective symptoms of depression and anxiety mediated the relationship between affective impulsivity and self-harm.
Limitations: The study was cross-sectional, relied on a student sample which may not generalise to other populations.
Conclusions: Trait affective impulsivity is associated with self-harm but it appears to be mediated by depression and anxiety symptoms. The exact relationships between trait affective impulsivity, depression, anxiety and self-harm require further longitudinal research in clinical populations but might lead to improved risk assessment and new therapeutic approaches to self-harm
Development and initial validation of a short form of the Memories of Home and Family Scale
No full textBackground: The Memories of Home and Family Scale (MHFS; Shevlin et al., 2022) was developed as a multidimensional measure of subjective memories of experiences at home and with family during childhood. Due to the length of the scale, a short version of the MHFS (MHFS-SF) has been developed. Data were from Wave 7 of the COVID-19 Psychological Research Consortium Study (C19PRC-UK), a population based UK survey (N = 1405). Two items with the highest factor loadings from each of the six dimensions of the original MHFS were selected for inclusion. Confirmatory factor analytic (CFA) models were estimated to test the dimensionality of the scale. Convergent and discriminant validity were tested by examining associations with criterion variables. CFA results supported the multidimensionality of the scale. MHFS-SF total and sub-scale scores were negatively correlated with measures of depression, anxiety, loneliness, and paranoia, and were positively correlated with wellbeing. Regression analyses revealed that MHFS-SF total and sub-scale scores significantly predicted loneliness, paranoia, and wellbeing, even after accounting for age, gender, and current internalising symptoms. Results from this study suggest that the MHFS-SF scores retain the excellent psychometric properties of the original scale while improving efficiency. The MHFS-SF demonstrated high levels of convergent and discriminant validity with mental health and wellbeing measures. Future research should seek to validate the MHFS-SF in different populations and assess its usefulness in clinical settings
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