25 research outputs found
Population size of Aegla longirostri Bond-Buckup and Buckup, 1994 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura): comparison of methods with the mark-recapture technique in closed population
No full textAbstract The aim of this study is to estimate the population size of Aegla longirostri Bond-Buckup and Buckup, 1994 in a subtropical low-order stream using the mark-recapture technique. We also tested if the Bayesian model is a promising estimator of population size. Data were collected in two periods, in spring 2010 (seven-day sampling) and in fall 2011(five-day sampling). The animals were sexed, measured, marked in the field, and released in the same spots from which they were collected. During the study period, 445 adults were captured (343 in the spring and 102 in the fall). The estimated population size was 1,005-1,028.8 individuals in the spring and 234-236 in the fall, according to the Schumacher-Eschmeyer and Schnabel methods, respectively. The estimated population size using the Bayesian analysis was 950.13 individuals in the spring and 210.08 in the fall. Although the Bayesian model is a more conservative approach, all methods showed similar and relevant estimations of population size.</div
Aegla platensis Schmitt 1942
No full textAegla platensis Schmitt, 1942 Diagnosis. Anterolateral spine of carapace reaching half of cornea; protogastric lobes moderately raised; rostrum very long in adults, carinate along its entire length; anterior angle of ventral margin of epimera 2 with spine; fourth thoracic sternite raised medially, with scale; proximal outer margin of moveable finger of cheliped bearing lobe with tubercle; palmar crest rectangular, little developed; inner margin of ventral face of ischium unornamented (Bond-Buckup & Buckup 1994). New records. ARGENTINA: Province of Tucumán: River Las Tiapas and Los Membrillos with Ruta 341, 26º 51 ' 19 "S, 65 º 25 ' 51 "W; 707 m, 09.xii. 2001,(UFRGS 3231, 2 M); Loc.Rio Noque, La Cascada, La sala Sr. Javier, FML 0 0 150 (togheter with A. humahuaca). Former distribution. ARGENTINA: Northern and central Province of Buenos Aires, eastern Tucumán, southeastern Catamarca, and southwestern Misiones. BRAZIL: Southwestern Santa Catarina, and Rio Grande do Sul, except its northeastern part. PARAGUAY: Colonia Independencia. URUGUAY: Departments of Colonia and Canelones (Bond-Buckup & Buckup 1994). Present distribution. ARGENTINA: Paraguay River system, Mar Chiquita system, Dulce River – central Province of Buenos Aires (?), eastern Tucumán, southeastern Catamarca, and southwestern Misiones. BRAZIL: Southwestern Santa Catarina, and Rio Grande do Sul except its northeastern part. PARAGUAY: Colonia Independencia. URUGUAY: Departments of Colonia and Canelones. Remarks. Bond-Buckup & Buckup (1994) identified lots MACN 20959 -1, 11857, 23171, and 25931, all from the La Plata River, as A. platensis. However, the first author, during a recent revision of the MACN collection, determined that these specimens are not A. platensis, but another, very similar species. In sampling in tributaries along the right bank of the La Plata River, Province of Buenos Aires, only A. uruguayana was recorded, corroborating the absence of records of A. platensis from the watercourses located in northern Buenos Aires Province. This resulted in changes in its geographical distribution in Argentina, in addition to the new records from the Province of Tucumán. There still remain doubts as to the statement of Schmitt (1942), who mentioned in his description of A. platensis that the lot was collected on “ Isla Flores, which may equally be located near Buenos Aires or in the Department of Canelones in Uruguay. Aegla platensis has been used as an experimental model in the laboratory as well as in the field (for a review see Bueno & Bond-Buckup 2000; Bueno et al. 2000; Bueno & Bond-Buckup 2004; Ferreira et al. 2005; Oliveira et al, 2007; Almerão et al. 2007).Published as part of Bond-Buckup, Georgina, Jara, Carlos G., Buckup, Ludwig, Bueno, Alessandra A. P., Pérez-Losada, Marcos & Crandall, Keith A., 2010, Description of a new species of Aeglidae, and new records of related species from river basins in Argentina (Crustacea, Anomura), pp. 18-30 in Zootaxa 2343 on pages 24-25, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19334
ILO Employment Sector Working Paper No. 43, "The price of exclusion: The economic consequences of excluding people with disabilities from the world of work
No full textA crossroads has been reached internationally in terms of the status of people with disabilities in society. Countries worldwide are reviewing laws, policies, programmes and services for people with disabilities with a view to promoting their inclusion in all sectors of society and enhancing opportunities for them to earn a decent living, to contribute to the income of their families, or to make a contribution in the workplace. In parallel, there is a growing recognition that the exclusion of people with disabilities from the labour market has been at great cost to societies. To contribute to the information base used by decision-makers in allocating resources to programmes relating to the employability and employment of people with disabilities, the ILO commissioned an exploratory study of the macro–economic costs of excluding people with disabilities from the world of work. Building on previous research, this study developed a new approach that takes two drivers of economic losses into account: the gap between the potential and the actual productivity of people with disabilities; and thedifference between unemployment and inactivity rates of non-disabled people and people with disabilities. Together, these drivers yield the costs that society has to bear for excluding people with disabilities from the world of work. The approach was tested using data from a selection of ten countries in Asia (China, Thailand, and Viet Nam) and Africa (Ethiopia, Malawi, Namibia, South Africa, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe). The overall losses and the relative importance of factors underlying these losses – disabling environment, unemployment and inactivity – are estimated for each country. The studyshows that by combining reasonable assumptions and adequate modeling, it is possible to generate data on the costs of exclusion, even for countries where reliable primary data are generally scarce, and suggests that these data are more robust than those generated by a global extrapolation approach.It is hoped that the exploratory study will be useful to governments in settingpriorities and in ensuring that people with disabilities are included in measures to tackle the effects of the global financial and economic crisis. It will hopefully stimulate debate and further research on the inclusion of people with disabilities from an economic viewpoint. Comments on the pilot study and its findings will be welcomed. Sebastian Buckup was the author of this working paper. The research, carried out with financial support from the ILO/Irish Aid Partnership Programme, was guided by Barbara Murray, Senior Specialist on Disability, and comments were received from Sara Elder, Economist, Employment Trends Unit, Ferdinand Lepper, formerly of the ILO Department of Statistics, and Debra Perry, Senior Disability Specialist. Anna Kealy edited the manuscript and Jo-Ann Bakker prepared it for publication.ILO_Jan_additions_2.pdf: 291 downloads, before Oct. 1, 2020
Aegla jujuyana Schmitt 1942
No full textAegla jujuyana Schmitt, 1942 (Fig. 6 D) MLP 77 (59 and 11828), Argentina, Jujuy, Grande River, 23 ° 23´S, 65 ° 45´W, 3984 m a.s.l., A. Bridarolli coll., 23 /II/ 1946. Remarks. R. Ringuelet identified (1949 a: 19) and mentioned M. Birabén as the collector and the date reported by the author is 1945, Bond-Buckup & Buckup identified (1994: 179). MLP 92 (74 and 11893), Argentina, Jujuy, Grande River, Termas de Reyes, 24 ° 10´S, 65 ° 22´W, 1363 m a.s.l., M. Birabén coll., XI/ 1937. R. Ringuelet. Remarks. R. Ringuelet (1949 a: 19, MLP 74) and Bond-Buckup & Buckup (1994: 179, MLP 74) identified. MLP 75 (99 and 11844), Argentina, Jujuy, Tilcara, 23 ° 34´S, 65 ° 22´W, 3139 m a.s.l., M. I. Hylton Scott coll., II/ 1944. Remarks. Ringuelet (1949 a: 19) and Bond-Buckup & Buckup (1994: 179) identified. MLP 9, Argentina, Jujuy, Palma Sola, Sauzal de María Mercedes, 23 ° 58´S, 64 ° 17´W, 1200 m a.s.l., P. Williner coll., 2 /X/ 1969. Remarks. Bond-Buckup & Buckup identified (1994: 179). MLP 106, Bolivia, Tupiza. 21 ° 26´S, 65 ° 43´W, 3165 m.a.s.l, 1948, Bond-Buckup identified. MLP 26117, Argentina, Salta, Campo Alegre dam, Tributary of Uberna River coming from the dam, 23 °08´S, 64 °02´W, 1400 m a.s.l., C. Ituarte coll., 18 /XII/ 2001. I. César identified. MLP S/N, Argentina, Salta, Tributary of Uberna River coming from the dam. Campo Alegre, 24 ° 35´07S, 65 ° 21´50 W, 1400 m a.s.l., C. Ituarte coll., 18 /XII/ 2001.Published as part of César, Inés I. & Damborenea, Cristina, 2010, Type and non-type specimens of Aegla (Decapoda: Anomura: Aeglidae) housed in the Museo de La Plata, Argentina, pp. 31-46 in Zootaxa 2337 on pages 40-41, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19320
Astyanax gandhiae Ruiz-C & Román-Valencia & Taphorn & Buckup & Ortega 2018, sp. nov.
No full textAstyanax gandhiae sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:DB1A95AA-8E70-40F4-B739-043872 A32906 Figs 4, 6, Table 1 Diagnosis Astyanax gandhiae sp. nov. is a member of the orthodus species-group of Astyanax differing from others members of the group (A. orthodus, A.villwocki, A. superbus, A. bopiensis nom. nov., A. boliviensis sp. nov., A. yariguies comb. nov. and A. embera sp. nov.) in lacking a spot on the caudal peduncle. It can be further distinguished from A. villwocki by having a short lateral stripe extending from the caudal spot, that does not extend anteriorly beyond a vertical through the origin of the anal fin (vs lateral stripe extending anteriorly beyond a vertical through anterior origin of the anal fin). It differs from A. bopiensis nom. nov. in having fewer teeth that do not cover more than a third of the length of the maxillary (vs a larger number of teeth covering more than two thirds of the maxillary). It differs from A. moorii comb. nov. for dorsal-fin-hypural distance less than 45% SL(vs more than 50), by dorsalpectoral distance greater than 50% SL (vs less than 50), interorbital distance greater than 32% HL (vs less 32) and by upper jaw length than less 35% HL (vs greater than 40). Etymology This species epithet is named in homage to the late Mrs Maria Gandhi Calderon, mother of the first author, and used as a noun in apposition. Material examined Holotype PERU: 89.4 mm SL, Department of Amazonas, Condorcanqui Province, Marañon River Basin, upper Cenepa River drainage, 3°58′15″ S, 78°41′15″ W (MUSM 46845). Paratypes PERU: Department of Amazonas, Amazon River Basin, Condorcanqui, upper Cenepa River drainage: 14 specimens (sex unknown), 62.1–109.6 mm SL, Quebrada Capitán (MUSM 20891, MUSM 21278); 2 specimens (sex unknown), 56.1–68.7 mm SL, Capitán Quebrada (MUSM 21278); 2 specimens (sex unknown), 85.9–97.1 mm SL, Quebrada Capitán Ponce, 750 m a.s.l. (MUSM 21287); 1 specimen (sex unknown), 85.7 mm SL, collected with holotype (MUSM 21300); 1 specimen (sex unknown), 65.4 mm SL, Capitan Ponce Bravo Quebrada, 3°46′41.40″ S, 78°20′4.61″ W (MUSM 21312); 1 specimen (sex unknown), 64.0 mm SL, Quebrada Platanal, 3°38′24.94″ S, 72°18′40.81″ W (MUSM 21372); 11 specimens (sex unknown), 38.7–49.3 mm SL, Ucayali department, Atalaya province, Sepahua, Lazaro Creek, tributary of Mishahua River, Ucayali River Basin, 11°14′15.87″ S, 72°58′26.65″ W, 248 m a.s.l. (MUSM 35474); 1 specimen (sex unknown), 44.5 mm SL, Huacamayo River, km. 155 on road from Pucallpa to Tingo-Maria, Padre Abad province, Ucayali River Basin (MUSM 2392); 1 specimen (sex unknown), 93.9 mm SL, 2 specimens (sex unknown) C&S, 59.0– 61.2 mm SL, Víbora Creek, tributary of Pisqui River, Loreto, upper Amazon (MUSM 46846); 3 specimens (sex unknown), 50.0– 98.6 mm SL, Tavara River 2 km from mouth of Quebrada Grande, Puno, Sandia, Zona Reservada Tambopata- Candamo (MUSM 46847). Description Body compressed, greatest body depth at or anterior to dorsal-fin origin. Mouth terminal. Dorsal profile of head straight between snout tip and posterior margin of supraoccipital spine, convex between head and dorsal fin, convex between head and at base of dorsal fin, convex between last dorsal-fin ray to adipose-fin origin. Dorsal and ventral caudal-peduncle margins straight. Ventral profile convex between tip of snout and pelvic-fin insertion. Premaxillary teeth in two series; outer series with four tricuspid teeth covering three medial most teeth of inner series; inner row with five pentacuspid teeth. Maxilla long, of same width along entire length, with 3–6 tricuspid teeth set in anterior-most part of ventral margin. Dentary with anterior four teeth pentacuspid, followed laterally by 8–9 smaller teeth that progressively increase in postero-medial inclination, decreasing from tri- to unicuspid; number of lateral teeth highly variable. Pored scales of lateral line 40(15), 41(3), 42(1) (n = 18), scales from lateral line to origin of dorsal fin 8(18) (n = 18), scales from lateral line to origin of anal fin 7(10), 8(8) (n = 18), scales from lateral line to insertion of pelvic fin 6(11), 7(7) (n = 18). Rays of dorsal fin iii 9, first simple ray small, only visible in cleared and stained specimens, second simple ray about half length of third simple ray. Distal margin of dorsal fin slightly convex. Origin of adipose fin anterior to vertical through insertion of last ray of anal fin. Rays of pectoral fin i 10 ii (11), i 12 ii (7). Rays of pelvic fin i 7 (18). Rays of anal fin iii–iv 25–27; first simple rays only visible in cleared and stained material. Origin of anal fin posterior to vertical through insertion of last ray of dorsal fin (Table 1). Caudal fin with 10–9 principal rays; dorsal lobe supporting 12(4), procurrent rays; ventral lobe, 10(4) procurrent rays. Upper 10(4) principal caudal-fin rays associated with four dorsal hypurals, next 9(4) associated with three ventral hypurals. Total vertebrae 37(4), including those of Weberian apparatus: precaudal centra 17(2) and 18(2), last two without true pleural rib. Caudal centra 19(2), 20 (2). Epineurals 34(2); posterior-most epineural occasionally not reaching anterior surface of urostyle; epipleurals 21(2). Caudal skeleton with seven hypurals. First dorsal three hypurals with swollen anterior margin in contact with urostyle. Pigmentation in alcohol Sides of body yellowish, without reticulated pattern over dorsal region of coelomic cavity, silvery stripe extending from humeral region to base of caudal peduncle, overlain by series of chevron-shaped marks formed by dark lines along myosepta between myotomes extending from dorsal region of coelomic cavity to caudal peduncle; pigmented muscle septae forming chevrons not coinciding with scale rows. Chevrons lacking distal extensions both in juvenile and adult specimens. Dorsal region of head and body chestnut brown. Sides of cranium and ventral surface of body light brown, not silvery. Melanophores of humeral region forming two (anterior and posterior) humeral spots. The anterior spot formed by two layers of pigment, with brown melanophores distributed in thin superficial layer of epithelium (Layer 1, Fig. 1) and another deeper layer consisting of dark melanophores (Layer 2, Fig. 1). Layer 2 forming polygon-shaped spot made up of two different layers of melanophores that do not precisely overlap, forming vertices on lateral margins, usually resulting in four-sided spot located between third and sixth or seventh scale of lateral series. Posterior humeral spot situated two or three scales posterior to the anterior humeral spot, arc- or sigmoid-shaped, inconspicuous, covering two to three scales above lateral-line. Individual scales on sides of body lacking spots or dots. Spot on caudal peduncle absent. Lateral stripe formed by dispersed brown pigment present only on posterior portion of body, located above posterior two-thirds of anal-fin base and extending on to caudal peduncle. Pectoral, pelvic, dorsal and anal fins hyaline; pigment present on interradial membranes of middle caudal-fin rays. Sexual dimorphism No sexual dimorphism observed, no hooks found on fins. Distribution Astyanax gandhiae sp. nov. is known from the Ucayali and Madre de Dios River drainages, Cenepa River, tributary from Marañón River, Upper Amazon Basin, Peru (Fig. 4).Published as part of Ruiz-C, Raquel I., Román-Valencia, César, Taphorn, Donald C., Buckup, Paulo A. & Ortega, Hernán, 2018, Revision of the Astyanax orthodus species-group (Teleostei: Characidae) with descriptions of three new species, pp. 1-45 in European Journal of Taxonomy 402 on pages 13-15, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2018.402, http://zenodo.org/record/116955
Aegla montana Ringuelet 1960
No full textAegla montana Ringuelet, 1960 (Fig. 2 A–B) Type material. MLP 41 (86 and 4815), Syntypes (5 males), Argentina, Mendoza, El Sosneado, Atuel River, 35 °04´S, 69 ° 34´W, 1543 m a.s.l., Carette coll., 1921. Remarks. Ringuelet (1948 a: 323) mentioned and briefly described this lot, reporting it as Aegla sp. He described this species in 1960. Ringuelet (1960 b: 231) described the male holotype specimen and 4 male paratypes. The collection presents only one lot with five male specimens. Bond-Buckup & Buckup (1994: 198) studied this material and considered A. montana to be a junior synonim of A. affinis. Other lots. MLP 298, (8 males and 1 female), Argentina, Mendoza, El Sosneado, Atuel River, 35 °04´S, 69 ° 34´W, 1543 m a.s.l., Prosser coll., 10 /IV/ 1950. Remarks. The specimens are from type locality and identified by R. Ringuelet. However, no bibliography by the author reporting this material is available. Bond-Buckup & Buckup (1994: 198) studied this material and identified it as A. affinis.Published as part of César, Inés I. & Damborenea, Cristina, 2010, Type and non-type specimens of Aegla (Decapoda: Anomura: Aeglidae) housed in the Museo de La Plata, Argentina, pp. 31-46 in Zootaxa 2337 on pages 33-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19320
A new species of Microcharacidium (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from the Central Amazon, Brazil
No full textA new species (Microcharacidium bombioides sp. nov.) of the genus Microcharacidium Buckup, 1993 is described from the Rio Negro, Rio Trombetas, Rio Tapajós, tributaries of the Rio Madeira, and the middle Rio Amazonas. The new species is promptly distinguished from all congeners (Microcharacidium eleotrioides (Géry, 1960), Microcharacidium gnomus Buckup, 1993, and Microcharacidium weitzmani Buckup, 1993) by the presence of 12 circumpeduncular scales, 19 precaudal vertebrae, and 7 dark bars on the flanks connected to their contralateral parts both dorsally and ventrally; 2 short, dark suborbital stripes; all teeth on both jaws conical; 10–11 total dorsal-fin rays; and 3–4 perforated lateral line scales. An updated identification key for the genus is provided and the affinities of the new species with other Microcharacidium are discussed.The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the pdf file of the accepted manuscript may differ slightly from what is displayed on the item page. The information in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript reflects the original submission by the author
Astyanax villwocki Zarske & Gery 1999
No full textAstyanax villwocki Zarske & Géry, 1999 Figs 4, 11, Table 2 Astyanax villwocki Zarske & Géry, 1999: 200, figs 1–2. Original description, type locality: Rio Pacal, Rio Pachitea Basin, Departamento Ucayali, Peru. Diagnosis Astyanax villwocki is a member of the orthodus species-group of Astyanax differing from the other members of the group by the absence of a distinct caudal-peduncle spot (vs present) and having instead a dark stripe, continuing anteriorly to the humeral region (vs absent). Etymology Named after Prof. Wolfgang Villwock, Hamburg, who collected some of the first specimens of the type material, including the holotype, and made them available for study. Material examined Holotype PERU: 98.1 mm SL, Ucayali, Peruvian Amazon Basin, Pachitea River drainage, Pacal River (MTD F 22400). Other material PERU: 1 ♀, 118.8 mm SL, Ucayali department, Coronel Portillo province, Instituto Veterinario de Investigaciones Tropicales y de Altura (IVITA) Ivita Piscigranja, Pucallpa, Ucayali (MUSM 148); 1 ♀, 43.6 mm SL, Madre de Dios department, Manu Province, Manu National Park Manu River, Pakitza Lavandería Creek (MUSM 2285); 4 ♀♀, 43.4–54.4 mm SL, Madre de Dios, Manu, Manu National Park, Picaflor Creek (MUSM 2499); 8 ♀♀, 33.2–42.6 mm SL, Madre de Dios, Manu, PNM, Picaflor Creek (MUSM 4288); 2 ♀♀, 50.4–101.6 mm SL, Cusco, La Convención, Echarate, Urubamba River, quebrada Hayanamato (MUSM 14461); 16 ♀♀, 55.1–95.5 mm SL, Loreto, Ucayali, Rashaya,Víbora Creek, Pisqui River Basin (MUSM 15881); 1 ♀, 69.3 mm SL, Loreto, Corrientes River, Andoas (MUSM 28664); 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀, 95.0– 110.2 mm SL, Ucayali, department, Coronel Portillo province, Yucamia River, Ucayali River Basin (MUSM 33560); 1 ♂, 4 ♀♀, 98.2–112.5 mm SL, Ucayali, Coronel Portillo, Pucallpa Pichaya River (MUSM 33609); 1 ♂, 122.3 mm SL, Loreto, Maynas, Pucacuro River, 175 m a.s.l. (MUSM 34168); 1 ♀, 75.5 mm SL, Ucayali department, Coronel Portillo (MUSM 34977); 2 ♂♂, 114.6–115.8 mm SL, Ucayali, Coronel Portillo, Blanca stream, Ucayali River Basin (MUSM 34994). COLOMBIA: 1 ♀, 87.9 mm SL, Caquetá, Yurayaco, Amazon River Basin, Inchiyaco River, on the road from Villa Garzón to San José de Fragua (IUQ 121); 1 ♀, 84.3 mm SL, Caquetá, Yurayaco River, on the road from Yurayaco to Villa Garzón (IUQ 180); 1 ♀ C&S, 60.4 mm SL, Caquetá, Creek tributary Yurayaco River, road Villa Garzón (IUQ 1218); 1 ♂, 96.5 mm SL, Putumayo, Amazon River Basin, Orito Creek, south of the farm La Palma, ca 1 km from the Guamez River, vereda Calimonte, Orito (IUQ 1871); 1 ♂, 47.4 mm SL, Caquetá, Amazon River Basin, Yurayaco River, in the village Yurayaco (IUQ 1893); 1 ♂, 63.5 mm SL, Pazalosa Creek, village in Usmo, Caquetá River (IUQ 1888); 1 ♀, 77.7 mm SL, Caquetá (IUQ 3593). ECUADOR: 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀, 71.3–80.4 mm SL, Napo, Sunka flooded area (“estero”) at 20 minutos or 0.5 Km from Sunka Well (MEPN 2723); 3 ♀♀, 72.3 mm SL, Napo, Sunka flooded area (“estero”) at 20 minutos or 0.5 Km from Sunka Well (MEPN 2769); 1 ♀, 13.4 mm SL, Pastaza, Santi flooded area (“estero”) at 2 Km from Manalí Well at la Trucha No. 3 (MEPN 6176); 2 ♀♀, 116.0– 118.9 mm SL, 1 ♀ C&S, 111.5 mm SL, Pastaza, Danta River 500 m from the exploration platform (MEPN 6180); 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀, 81.5–91.7 mm SL, 1 ♂ C&S, 72.3 mm SL, Amazon River Basin, Sovelca flooded area (“estero”), tributary Napo River (MEPN 6186); 1 ♀, 88.52 mm SL, Sucumbios, 300 m, Bocapore River to 2 km, at 50 m de la valvula del pozo Capiron, 00°31′18″ S, 76°29′28″ W (MEPN 8422); 2 ♀♀, 116.3–119.3 mm SL, Yeye River, 200 m from head of Ginta Well, Sucumbios (MEPN 9560). Description Body compressed, greatest body depth at or anterior to dorsal-fin origin. Mouth terminal. Dorsal profile straight between snout tip and posterior tip of supraoccipital spine, straight between supraoccipital spine and dorsal-fin origin, convex between head and at base of dorsal fin, convex between last dorsal-fin ray and adipose-fin origin. Caudal peduncle arched, with dorsal profile concave, ventral profile convex. Ventral profile convex from tip of snout to pelvic-fin insertion. Premaxillary teeth in two series; outer series with four tricuspid teeth covering three most medial teeth of inner series; inner row with five pentacuspid teeth. Maxilla long, of same width along entire length, with 3–5 tricuspid teeth set in anterior most part of ventral margin. Dentary with anterior four teeth pentacuspid, followed by 7–9 teeth smaller, progressively inclined posteromedially, varying from tri- to unicuspid; proportion of tri- vs unicuspid teeth quite variable. Pored scales of lateral line 39(4), 40(4), 41(6), 42(3), 44(1) (n = 18); transverse scales between lateral line and origin of dorsal fin 7(18), 8(1) (n = 19); scales between lateral line and origin of anal fin 6(3), 7(15) (n = 18); scales between lateral line and insertion of pelvic fin 6(13), 7(5) (n = 18). Predorsal midline covered with bilobed medial scales for more than ¾ of its length, naked anteriorly. Rays of dorsal fin iii 9 (n = 18); first simple ray small, easily visible only in C&S specimens, detectable with dissecting needle in non-C&S specimens; second simple ray about half length of third simple ray. Distal margin of dorsal fin slightly convex. Origin of adipose fin anterior to vertical line through insertion of last anal-fin ray. Rays of pectoral fin i 12 (8), i 13 (10) (n = 18). Rays of anal fin iii 25 (10), iii 26 (7), iii 27 (2); first simple rays only visible in C&S material. Origin of anal fin posterior to vertical line through insertion of last ray of dorsal fin. Caudal fin with 9(1), 10(2) principal rays in dorsal lobe and 10(1), 11(2) in ventral lobe, dorsal lobe with 10(3) procurrent rays, ventral with 8(2), 9(1). Principal rays of dorsal lobe associated with four dorsal hypurals, those of ventral lobe associated with three ventral hypurals. Total vertebrae 36(1), 37(2), including those of the Weberian apparatus: precaudal centra 17(1), 18(2); last two vertebrae modified with elongate transverse process not in contact with dorsal tip of its rib; caudal centra 19(3). Epipleurals 21(1), 22(2). Epineurals 30(1), 32(2), posterior-most epineural occasionally reaching anterior surface of urostyle. Hypurals 7(3); first dorsal hypural with anterior margin swollen, without projections that articulate the urostyle; second and third hypural dorsal with anterior margin swollen that contacting urostyle. Pigmentation in alcohol Sides of body yellowish, without reticulated pattern over the lateral surface of the body. Dark lateral stripe from humeral region to caudal-peduncle base, overlain by series of chevron-shaped marks formed by dark lines along myosepta between myotomes extending from anterior third of anal fin; only distal tips of chevrons located to midlateral stripe visible, chevron-shaped marks less evident in adults (≥ 3 cm SL). Pigmented muscle septae that form series of chevrons not coinciding with horizontal rows of scales, not aligned with scale edges. Chevrons present in juveniles, immature specimens and adults, without distal extensions. Dorsal region of head and body chestnut brown. Sides of cranium and ventral surface of body light brown, not silvery. Melanophores of humeral region forming two spots. Anterior spot formed by two layers of pigment: brown melanophores distributed in thin superficial layer of the epithelium (Layer 1, Fig. 1), deeper layer of dark melanophores (Layer 2, Fig. 1). Layer 2 forms a polygon-shaped spot consisting of two groups of melanophores that do not precisely overlap, typically forming four-sided spot. Second humeral spot located one scale posterior to anterior humeral spot, arc- or sigmoid-shaped, inconspicuous, covering two to three scales above lateral line. Spot on caudal peduncle absent. Pectoral fins mostly hyaline; melanophores present on distal tips of pelvic-fin rays and interradial membranes of dorsal, caudal and anal fins. Sexual dimorphism Distribution of hooks on fins varying from 12–16 in the pelvic fin, 15–17 in the anal fin; males with longer unbranched rays in dorsal, pectoral and pelvic fins; distal tips of latter two fins extend posteriorly to pelvic-fin origin and anal-fin insertion, respectively. Distribution Amazon River drainages of Peru, Ecuador and Colombia (Fig. 4). Comments on type specimens of Astyanax villwocki Astyanax villwocki was described by Zarske & Géry (1999) based on specimens from the drainages of the Pachitea River in Peru, the Beni River in Bolivia and the Madeira River. However, examination of the type specimens revealed differences among specimens included in the original description. Specimens from the Madeira River (MTDF 2214- 22115; ZFMK 20781) do not have the diagnostic characters of A. villwocki; they lack the lateral stripe (vs dark lateral stripe present) and have a series of chevrons extending along the entire lateral stripe (vs chevron series not surpassing anterior third of anal fin). We therefore re-identify the specimens from the Madeira River as Astyanax boliviensis sp. nov. Astyanax yariguies (Torres-Mejía, Hernández & Senechal, 2012) comb. nov. Figs 4, 12, Table 1 Astyanacinus yariguies Torres-Mejía, Hernández & Senechal, 2012: 501 –506, figs 1–2. Original description, type locality: Rio Cascajales, Colombia. Diagnosis Astyanax yariguies is a member of the orthodus species-group of Astyanax, differing from the other members of the group, except for A. orthodus, in having a short polygonal caudal-peduncle spot (vs a cane-shaped mark that extends anteriorly to a vertical through the posterior anal-fin tip in A. superbus, an elongate mark that extends anteriorly to the humeral region in A. villwocki, and a short nail-shaped spot in A. bopiensis nom. nov. and A. boliviensis sp. nov.; spot on caudal peduncle inconspicuous in A. gandhiae sp. nov., and spot on caudal peduncle pentagonal, but extended towards dorsal and ventral margins of peduncle in A. embera sp. nov.). It differs from A. orthodus by the greater number of maxillary teeth (6 vs 2–3). It differs from most species of the orthodus -group in having 9–10 series of scales between the dorsal-fin origin and the lateral line (vs 7–8, except for A. bopiensis nom. nov. with 7–10). It is distinguished from A. moorii comb. nov. by orbital diameter greater than 31% HL (vs less than 31% HL), interorbital distance more 32% HL (vs less than 32% HL) and upper jaw length less than 35% HL (vs more than 45% HL). Etymology The species name refers to the Yariguíes, the indigenous group that inhabited an area that includes the watershed of the Cascajales River. They fiercely defended their pristine territory for more than 400 years, which likely contributed to the preservation of the species described here. The Yariguíes finally succumbed to invasion and extermination in the mid-20th century. The species name is treated as a noun in apposition (Torres-Mejía et al. 2012). Type material Holotype (not examined) COLOMBIA: 61.9 mm SL, Santander, El Carmen, Magdalena River system (Atlantic coast), Cascajales River drainage, Sucio River, under bridge on the road from El Carmen to Vereda Island (UIST 1752). Material examined Paratypes COLOMBIA: 1 ♂, 6 ♀♀, 41.9–72.2 mm SL, Santander, Islandia locality, Magdalena River Basin, La Concordia Creek, 6°35′22.3″ N, 73°34′58.1″ W (ICNMNH 17642). Description Body compressed, greatest body depth at or anterior to origin of dorsal fin. Mouth terminal. Dorsal profile sigmoid between snout tip and posterior margin of supraoccipital spine (anterior part convex, posterior part concave), convex between head and dorsal fin, convex between head and at dorsal-fin base, convex between last ray of dorsal fin and origin of adipose fin. Caudal peduncle with straight dorsal and ventral profiles. Ventral profile convex between snout tip and insertion of pelvic fin. Premaxillary teeth in two series; outer series with four tricuspid teeth covering three most medial teeth of inner series; inner row with five pentacuspid teeth. Maxilla long, of same width along entire length, with 2–3 tricuspid teeth set in anterior most part of ventral margin. Dentary with anterior four pentacuspid teeth, followed laterally by 8–10 teeth smaller, progressively inclined posteromedially, varying from tri- to unicuspid; proportion of tri- vs unicuspid teeth quite variable. Pored lateral line scales 39(2), 40 (4); transverse scales from lateral line to dorsal-fin origin 9(1), 10 (5); scales from lateral line to anal-fin origin 7(1), 8(3), 9 (2); scales from lateral line to pelvic-fin insertion 6(1), 7(3), 8(2). Predorsal midline covered with bilobed medial scales for more than ¾ of its length, naked anteriorly. Dorsal-fin rays iii 9 (6), first simple ray small, easily visible only in C&S specimens, detectable with dissecting needle in non-C&S specimens; second simple ray about half length of third simple ray. Distal margin of dorsal fin slightly convex. Origin of adipose fin anterior to vertical through insertion of last ray of anal fin. Rays of pectoral fin i 10 (1), i 11 (1). Rays of pelvic fin i 7 (2). Rays of anal fin iii 28–30 (8), first simple rays only visible in cleared and stained material (Table 1). Origin of anal fin posterior to vertical line through insertion of last dorsal-fin ray. Total vertebrae 32(1), 35(1), including those of the Weberian apparatus: precaudal centra 16(1), 17(1); last three without pleural ribs; caudal centra 17(1)–19(1). Epipleurals 19–20. Epineurals 30–31, posterior-most epineural occasionally reaching anterior surface of urostyle. Hypurals 7 (2); first dorsal hypural with anterior margin swollen, without projections articulating with urostyle; second and third hypural with anterior margin swollen, contacting urostyle. Pigmentation in alcohol Sides of body yellowish, with reticulated pattern predominant over the lateral surface of the body. Silvery stripe between humeral region and caudal fin, overlain by series of chevron-shaped marks formed by dark lines along myosepta between myotomes extending from upper region of coelomic cavity to caudal peduncle; pigmented muscle septae forming chevrons not coinciding with scale rows. Chevrons without distal extensions both in juvenile and adult specimens. Dorsal region of head and body chestnut brown. Sides of cranium and ventral surface of body light brown, not silvery. Melanophores of humeral region forming two spots. Anterior spot formed by two layers of pigment: brown melanophores distributed in a thin superficial layer of the epithelium (Layer 1, Fig. 1), deeper layer consisting of dark melanophores (Layer 2, Fig. 1). Layer 2 forms a polygon shaped spot, consisting of two groups of melanophores that do not precisely overlap, typically forming foursided spot extending from third to sixth or seventh scale of lateral series. Posterior humeral spot situated two or three scales posterior to the anterior humeral spot, arc- or sigmoid-shaped, inconspicuous, covering two to three scales above lateral-line. Caudal-peduncle spot short, elliptical in shape, not extending anteriorly to vertical through posterior margin of adipose fin. Pectoral, pelvic, dorsal and anal fins hyaline. Pigment present on interradial membranes of middle caudal-fin rays. Sexual dimorphism Males with small hooks on distal tips of rays of all fins: dorsal fin with hooks on third simple ray and on all branched rays; pelvic, anal and pectoral fins with hooks on branched rays; caudal fin with hooks on four middle rays. Taxonomic comments This species is transferred from Astyanacinus to Astyanax because it shares the anteriorly directed V-shaped chevrons along myomere junctions with members of the orthodus species-group. The conspicuous polygon-shaped humeral spot is also similar (Fig. 1), consisting of dark melanophores. Distribution Astyanax yariguies is known from Colombia, the Magdalena River Basin and the Cascajales River drainage (Fig. 4).Published as part of Ruiz-C, Raquel I., Román-Valencia, César, Taphorn, Donald C., Buckup, Paulo A. & Ortega, Hernán, 2018, Revision of the Astyanax orthodus species-group (Teleostei: Characidae) with descriptions of three new species, pp. 1-45 in European Journal of Taxonomy 402 on pages 24-30, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2018.402, http://zenodo.org/record/116955
Chrysometa cambara , Levi 1986
No full text<i>Chrysometa cambara</i> Levi, 1986 <p>(Figs 15-27, 38)</p> <p> <i>Chrysometa cambara</i> LEVI, 1986:192, figs 618-623. Female holotype from Itaimbezinho, Cambará do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, 5.I.1985, A. Lise leg., deposited in MCN 12795 (examined). Paratypes: female, same data of holotype (MCN 12800; examined); female, Teresópolis (1800 m), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 15.III.1946, H. Sick leg. and female, (open stone cave) same data above (AMNH, both not examined); male paratype, Porto Alegre, 15.VIII.1976, P.A. Buckup leg. (MCN 4546, examined; see note below). Only the female holotype and female paratypes; not the male paratype (misidentification, male same as <i>C. itaimba</i> Levi, 1986).</p> <p> Note. LEVI (1986:192) stated that the males and females described as <i>C. cambara</i> does not necessarily belong together.MCN records indicated an additional female “ paratype ” (ex-MCN 12784; same data of holotype) which should be deposited at MCZ; however this specimen is not indicated at the original description.</p> <p> Other material examined. BRAZIL, <b>Paraná</b>: Irati *, ♂, 20.II.2012 (MCN 52197); ♂, 5.III.2012 (MCN 52195); Tijucas do Sul (Serra do Cabral *), ♂, 30.I.2012 (MCN 52196); ♀, 2.IV.2012 (MCN 52190); ♀, 5.I.2012 (MCN 52191); ♀, 30.I.2012 (MCN 52192); ♀, 5.II.2012 (MCN 52193); ♀, 30.I.2012 (MCN 52194); 2♂, 30.I.2012 (MCN 52230), all J. Ricetti leg. <b>Rio Grande do Sul</b>: Cambará do Sul, 2♀, 25.XI.1993, L.A.Moura leg. (MCN 24259); ♀, 19-21.XII.1994, E. H. Buckup leg. (MCN 25988); 3♀, 19-21.XII.1994, E. H. Buckup leg. (MCN 26050); São Francisco de Paula, ♀, X.2001, R. Baldissera leg. (MCN 35223); ♂, 29.I.2006, L. A. Moura leg. (MCN 40356).</p> <p> Diagnosis. Females (Figs 22-27) of the species can be easily recognized by the shape of the epigynum, with the septum bearing two heavily sclerotized lobes (Figs 25-27; see also LEVI, 1986:192, 193, figs 620, 621). Males of the species (Figs 15-21) are close to <i>C. calima</i> Levi, 1986 and <i>C. bolivia</i> Levi, 1986 by the general triangular shape of the bulb, bearing a broad, coiled and long embolus (Figs 19-21, see also LEVI, 1986:202, 203, figs 708, 709); they can be distinguished from those of both species by the shape of the paracymbial apophysis bearing a long and concave lower portion (Figs 18-21).</p> <p>Description. Male (MCN 52197). Carapace yellow. Lateral view with brown mark on the anterior region, starting at the high of the chelicerae. Chelicerae dark brown with two serrated carina on lateral of each chelicerae. Eye region dark; legs yellow with brown marks near to the articulations (Figs 15-17). Opistossoma oval shaped, gray, anteriorly with median silver spots and lateral dark spots; posteriorly with median dark irregularly spoted transverse pattern and lateral silver spots (Fig. 15). Venter greyish with dark grey borders with a central “X” shaped portion of same color and some 3-4 silver spots. Measurements (mm): AME 0.130; ALE 0.156; PME 0.182; PLE 0.104; AME - AME 0.104; AME - ALE 0.104; PME – PME 0.156; Total Length 6.55; Carapace 3.56 long, 2.60 wide; Femur I 7.24; Patella + Tibia I 8.67; Metatarsus I 5.814; Tarsus I 1.94; Patella + Tibia II 1.63; Patella + Tibia III 2.34; Patella + Tibia IV 3.64.</p> <p>Female. See LEVI, 1986:192-193; figs. 618-621.</p> <p>Variation. Total length: males, 5.46-6.55; females, 6.24-7.45.</p> <p>Distribution. South and Southeast of Brazil.</p>Published as part of <i>Massanti, Thiago B., Cavichioli, Rodney R. & Ott, Ricardo, 2018, On the genus Chrysometa (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in south Brazil, pp. 1-11 in Iheringia, Série Zoologia (e 2018001) (e 2018001) 108</i> on pages 2-3, DOI: 10.1590/1678-4766e2018001, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10525543">http://zenodo.org/record/10525543</a>
Mycotretus cinctiger Crotch 1876
No full text20. Mycotretus cinctiger Crotch, 1876 Mycotretus cinctiger Crotch, 1876: 438. Type locality: “Santarém” [in the state of Pará, North Brazil]. Mycotretus luizi Alvarenga, 1983: 588. Type locality: “ BRASIL, Rio Javari, Estirão do Equador (coordenadas aproximadas: long 71º38’W e lat 4º33’S)”, [Amazon, Brazil] syn. nov. (Fig. 2D). Mycotretus cinctiger – Gemminger & Harold 1876: 3692. — Kuhnt 1909: 75; 1911: 48. — Mader 1942: 174; 1951: 218. — Blackwelder 1945: 466. — Alvarenga 1994: 22. — Skelley 1998b: 15. Mycotretus luizi – Alvarenga 1994: 28. Primary type Lectotype, here designated (Fig. 5B) BRAZIL •“TYPE [blue label, printed] \TYPE [printed], cinctellus Santar. B [handwritten]\ LECTOTYPE [printed], Mycotretus cinctiger Crotch, 1876 [red label, handwritten]”; UMZC. Other specimens examined BRAZIL • 1 ♂ (dissected); “Coleção M. Alvarenga [printed] \ Homeotipo [red label, printed] \ Jacareacanga, Pará, Brasil [printed] X. 1969 [handwritten] F. R. Barbosa [printed] \ Comparado com tipo [printed] Mycotretus cinctiger Crotch, 1876 [handwritten] M. Alvarenga det. 1971 [printed] \ 1993 [printed] \ DZUP 136197 [printed]”; DZUP • 1 ♀ (dissected); “ Paratipo [red label, printed] \ bôca do Cuminá-Miri, Oriximiná, PA, 16-26.I.1968, Exp. Perm. Amaz. [printed] \ Mycotretus luizi m. [handwritten] M. Alvarenga det. [printed] 1983 [handwritten]”; MNRJ • 1 ♂ (dissected); “ Brasil: MS, Coxim, Próximo Rio Taquari: 18º 21’ 45’’S / 54º 36’56’’W / 309m ”; 12–14.vi.2015, leg. Chamorro, J. [printed]”; CELC • 6 specs; “ Brasil: MS, Coxim, Próximo Rio Taquari: 18º 21’ 45’’S / 54º 36’56’’W / 309m ”; 12–14.vi.2015, leg. Chamorro, J. [printed]”; CELC • 1 spec.; “ Ilha de Maracá RR, 4–12 / 12 [handwritten] / 19 [printed] 87 [handwritten], E. H. Buckup leg. [printed] \ Col. MCN 238456 [printed]”; MCNZ. Distribution North and Central-West Brazil. Remarks 1) The lectotype of M. cinctiger seems to be teneral, and differs from M. luizi in the pronotal spots not being completely pigmented and the central elytral spot absent. Aside from these colour variations, there was no detectable difference in the morphology of male genitalia and other morphological attributes. 2) Mycotretus tucuruiensis Alvarenga has a similar penile flagellum and is potentially related to M. cinctiger, but differs from it in the two elytral black bands being conspicuously “serrate” and in possessing a large black mark on the head (Fig. 3A). Aside from that, the examined specimen of M. tucuruiensis has the outer edge of the prosternal process conspicuously convex, compared to that of the examined individuals of M. cinctiger.Published as part of Pecci-Maddalena, Italo Salvatore de Castro, Lopes-Andrade, Cristiano & Skelley, Paul, 2023, Catalogue of Mycotretus Lacordaire, 1842 (Coleoptera: Erotylidae: Tritomini): an annotated, illustrated and historical approach, pp. 1-182 in European Journal of Taxonomy 876 (1) on page 29, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.876.2149, http://zenodo.org/record/809564
