1,720,996 research outputs found
Quantitative microscopy and index formulation in continuous pathologic lesions.
No full textQuantitative microscopy is a general term that includes methods and techniques for quantifying normal and pathologic cellular and tissue processes. At present, morphometry is a popular term that is used loosely to denote several aspects of quantification in histopathology and cytopathology. Multivariate analysis, that is, the recognition of patterns, should be associated with quantitative microscopy. When we use this technique, the computer allows us to overcome the problems of feature value overlap between diagnostic groups and of the diagnostic variation in the subjective evaluation. In index formulation, a single number expresses the degree of modification of continuous lesions. Examples are drawn from preneoplastic lesions and kidney pathology. The former group includes indices for the proliferative disorder, the differentiative defect and the malignancy progression of the uterine cervix as well as the index of DNA status of the urothelial papillary carcinoma. The latter group includes the evaluation of the matrix increase in the diabetic glomerulosclerosis. Quantitation of histochemistry and immunohistochemistry can be performed. A good example is the kidney immunofluorescence, whose positivity is expressed by an index. The theoretical background of pathologists represents the basis in which quantitative microscopy and related analyses are rooted
Multiparametric quantitation of the progression of uterine cervix preneoplasia towards neoplasia.
No full textThe aim of the research was to quantify the malignancy progression of preneoplastic lesions towards carcinoma of the uterine cervix. The study has shown that the modifications to nuclear area, perimeter, DNA content, percentage of nuclei with nucleoli, nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio and percentage of SOYA BEAN AGGLUTININ stained cells are progressively greater moving from normal epithelium and mild dysplasia towards infiltrating carcinoma. In particular all the morphologic and histochemical parameters have shown an increasing derangement which appears to parallel the diploid reduction and the appearance of aneuploidy. In order to identify the changes in the stroma, the modifications to the capillaries were investigated: in mild dysplasia only the vessel density increases; the capillary area, perimeter and diameter increase in moderate and severe dysplasia, and in CIS; the values of these features are similar in the carcinoma groups. The capillary density increases mainly in the invasive carcinoma. The data obtained in the study have shown that: 1) the process of malignancy progression is characterised by a gradual and continuous derangement of cell characteristics and modifications to capillaries of the stroma; 2) the mild dysplastic changes have the characteristics of hyperplastic lesions; 3) CIS, qualitatively similar to severe dysplasia from which it differs quantitatively, has features of neoplastic proliferation; 4) the appearance of invasion is associated with DNA parameter changes which may indicate a ploidy reduction
Noninvasive papillary transitional-cell tumors. Karyometric and DNA-content analysis.
No full textAn investigation was undertaken to quantify and correlate the nuclear and DNA-content modifications in the different grades of noninvasive urothelial papillary carcinoma. Nuclear area and a roundness factor were studied by histomorphometry in 35 cases, and the DNA content was analyzed in 27 cases. The values of the nuclear area and the roundness factor increased from normal-looking urothelium to grade 3 tumors. The DNA-content analysis indicated a progressive change of ploidy and the presence of an aneuploid (greater than 4c) population in some of the grade 2 and grade 3 lesions. A high coefficient of correlation between the nuclear abnormalities and the DNA content was found
- …
