1,721,011 research outputs found
Quantitative microscopy and index formulation in continuous pathologic lesions.
No full textQuantitative microscopy is a general term that includes methods and techniques for quantifying normal and pathologic cellular and tissue processes. At present, morphometry is a popular term that is used loosely to denote several aspects of quantification in histopathology and cytopathology. Multivariate analysis, that is, the recognition of patterns, should be associated with quantitative microscopy. When we use this technique, the computer allows us to overcome the problems of feature value overlap between diagnostic groups and of the diagnostic variation in the subjective evaluation. In index formulation, a single number expresses the degree of modification of continuous lesions. Examples are drawn from preneoplastic lesions and kidney pathology. The former group includes indices for the proliferative disorder, the differentiative defect and the malignancy progression of the uterine cervix as well as the index of DNA status of the urothelial papillary carcinoma. The latter group includes the evaluation of the matrix increase in the diabetic glomerulosclerosis. Quantitation of histochemistry and immunohistochemistry can be performed. A good example is the kidney immunofluorescence, whose positivity is expressed by an index. The theoretical background of pathologists represents the basis in which quantitative microscopy and related analyses are rooted
Evolutionary somatic cell changes in cervical tumour progression quantitatively evaluated with morphological, histochemical and kinetic parameters.
No full textThe somatic cell changes which characterise malignancy evolution in human cervical preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions have been assessed on histological sections by means of a computerised image analyser. Many features have been simultaneously measured on each cell of the lesions studied, and the following results have been obtained: Some features, mainly kinetic, show continuously increasing values which express changes correlated to the increasing malignancy; other features, especially related to nuclear atypia, cellular heterogeneity and the degree of aneuploidy, have values dropping at the level of early stromal infiltration, which can be morphometrically characterised as composed of relatively homogeneous phenotypes; these features seem to express the degree of genetic instability and relate to the evolutionary somatic cell changes; tumour progression evolves through sequential discontinuous steps, each of them characterised by specific phenotypical features of the neoplastic cell population; the neoplastic cells in the foci of early stromal infiltration and vascular invasion, phenotypically more homogeneous than the parent cell populations of carcinoma in situ and infiltrating carcinoma, seem to possess a greater genetic stability
Early stromal invasion in cervical cancer: immunocytochemical changes occurring in infiltrating neoplastic cells
No full textEarly Stromal Invasion (ESI) in cervical cancer progression should be considered as a separate histological diagnostic category for its morphological characters very different from those of both carcinoma in situ (CIS) and microcarcinoma (MIC). To have some more microscopical details on these differences we performed immunocytochemical investigation addressed to evaluate, in cervical cancer malignancy progression, the evolutionary changes in the expression of some proteins involved in cell differentiation and cell cycle regulation. The results provide data improving the knowledge about ESI and supporting, with objective proofs, the nosological autonomy of ESI, with respect to CIS and MIC
Evolutionary somatic cell changes in cervical tumour progression quantitatively evaluated with morphological, histochemical and kinetic parameters
No full textObjective quantitative grading. A study of breast ductal hyperplasias and ductal carcinomas in situ
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