145 research outputs found
An Entropic Estimator for Linear Inverse Problems
No full textIn this paper we examine an Information-Theoretic method for solving noisy linear inverse estimation<em> </em>problems which encompasses under a single framework a whole class of estimation methods. Under this framework, the prior information about the unknown parameters (when such information exists), and constraints on the parameters can be incorporated in the statement of the problem. The method builds on the basics of the maximum entropy principle and consists of transforming the original problem into an estimation of a probability density on an appropriate space naturally associated with the statement of the problem. This estimation method is generic in the sense that it provides a framework for analyzing non-normal models, it is easy to implement and is suitable for all types of inverse problems such as small and or ill-conditioned, noisy data. First order approximation, large sample properties and convergence in distribution are developed as well. Analytical examples, statistics for model comparisons and evaluations, that are inherent to this method, are discussed and complemented with explicit examples
Golan Haji, L'autunno, qui, è magico e immenso (raccolta poetica siriana)
No full textItalian translation of a poetry collection by Kurdish-Syrian poet Golan Haji. The author composed these prose poems in different moments of his literary career: some before the peaceful uprising that started in Syria on March 15, 2011, and was soon defaced by a fierce civil war; and the other ones between 2012 and 2013. The Italian translation is side by side the original Arabic texts
The Israeli strikes on Iranian forces in Syria: a case study on the use of force in defence of annexed territories
No full textThe extensive air strikes launched by Israel on Iranian forces and assets across Syria in the early morning of 10 May 2018 present a complex case study. The strikes were decided in retaliation for a rocket barrage fired some hours earlier from Syrian territory on IDF forward outposts in the Israeli-controlled Golan. The rockets were immediately attributed by the IDF to the Quds Force, the special unit of the Iranian Revolutionary Guards in charge of extraterritorial operations.
The governments of the United States, the United Kingdom and Germany explicitly referred to Israel's right to act in self-defence against Iran. The Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu invoked 'Israel's obligation and right to defend itself against Iranian aggression from Syrian territory'. A self-defence argument raises in the present case a legal issue related to the status of the territory attacked: the Golan Heights, occupied by Israel after the Six-Day War in 1967 and annexed in 1981. Can an annexing state invoke Article 51 UN Charter to justify the use of force in self-defence against an armed attack directed exclusively at a territory that it annexed? This post submits that the answer to this question, which appears unsettled and largely unexplored, cannot overlook the situation of manifest illegality that a self-defence argument would purport to preserve and protract
Legal Aspects of International Security in the Near East with Focus on the Golan Heights
No full textTato práce se zabývá právními aspekty mezinárodní bezpečnosti na Blízkém východě a zaměřuje se na Golanské výšiny. Cílem práce je posouzení míry vlivu mezinárodních organizací na dosažení mezinárodní bezpečnosti na Blízkém východě. Autor vychází z analýzy dostupných textů v českém jazyce i z cizojazyčné literatury. Práce sestává ze čtyř kapitol, z nichž první se zabývá otázkou mezinárodní bezpečnosti na Blízkém východě. Druhá kapitola se soustřeďuje na problematiku spojenou s Golanskými výšinami v souvislosti s bezpečnostní situací zejména po roce 1967. Třetí kapitola pojednává o roli mezinárodních organizací při zajišťování míru a bezpečnosti na Blízkém východě. Poslední kapitola sleduje mírový proces na Blízkém východě a nastiňuje perspektivy řešení blízkovýchodního konfliktu.Katedra mezinárodního právaObhájenoThe thesis looks into the issue of legal aspects of international security in the Near East with focus on the Golan Heights. The aim of the thesis is to shed light on the success/ failure of international organizations in securing and maintaining peace and international security in the Near East.The author analyses both Czech and foreign texts dealing with the topic. The thesis consists of four chapters. The first chapter examines the issue of international security in the Near East. The second chapter focuses on the situation in the Golan Heights mainly after 1967. The third chapter looks at the role played by international organizations in maintaining peace and security in the Near East. The last chapter presents the main events of the peace process in the Near East and outlines the prospects of the resolution of the Near Eastern conflict
Israeli Education Policies as a Tool for the Ethnic Manipulation of the Arab Druze: Israel and the Occupied Syrian Golan
No full textThis thesis investigates decisions and processes of ethnic manipulation within the educationsystem in Israel using archival documents, textbooks, and interviews to guide its arguments. The paper studies taught in Druze schools in Israel and the Occupied Syrian Golan OSG, documents interviews of Druze teachers and activists, and compares Israel's educational policies with international laws. Next, it examines the particular conditions of the Syrians in the Golan as an occupied people in the proximity of the Syrian civil war. The author argues that the state of Israel employs tactics of minoritization and ethnic manipulation against its Arab Druze communities in the OSG and Israel proper in order to maintain its ethnocratic regime. Institutionalized efforts of manipulation include the separation of Druze from the Arab school system, the construction of separate Druze holidays, and mandatory conscription to the Israeli army. Through these tactics, Israel has misappropriated Druze agency, undermined their identity, and manipulated their ethnic heritage. Within the education system, Israel's policies have created a Druze community that is uninformed about its history, disconnected from its culture, and confused about its identity. While Syrians in the Golan do not serve in the Israeli army, the effects of identity suppression have been magnified in the region due to the Syrian civil war and the consequent closure of their (limited) access to Syria. International law requires Israel, as a signatory to several covenants and partner in multiple treaties, to provide an education that preserves and promotes the culture and history of ethnic minorities—especially peoples in occupied territories. This includes an accurate representation of the borders of the State, inclusion of notable Arab Druze historical figures, and an education about their Arab culture and heritage. Finally, this thesis argues that while several international covenants and treaties are relevant to the acceptable cultural and historical representation for minorities and indigenous groups, the need to specify what that means remains. Adding General Comments and having the Special Rapporteur on Education visit Israel, combined with increased pressure from non-governmental organizations, would ultimately increase the state's accountability for and adherence to those conventions
Information and entropy econometrics: A review and synthesis
No full textThe overall objectives of this review and synthesis are to study the
basics of information-theoretic methods in econometrics, to examine
the connecting theme among these methods, and to provide a
more detailed summary and synthesis of the sub-class of methods
that treat the observed sample moments as stochastic. Within the
above objectives, this review focuses on studying the inter-connection
between information theory, estimation, and inference. To achieve
these objectives, it provides a detailed survey of information-theoretic
concepts and quantities used within econometrics. It also illustrates the use of these concepts and quantities within the subfield of
information and entropy econometrics while paying special attention
to the interpretation of these quantities. The relationships between
information-theoretic estimators and traditional estimators are discussed
throughout the survey. This synthesis shows that in many cases
information-theoretic concepts can be incorporated within the traditional
likelihood approach and provide additional insights into the data
processing and the resulting inference
welcometotherepublic - Caring Infrastructures
No full textfeld72' exhibition explores the potential of public space in times of pandemic, offering ideas for future uses of urban areas. The project focuses on objects and structures that enable us to express social care despite the physical distance. This collective Catalogue of Possibilities plays with an overlap of rational and social: the former represents the necessary compliance to current health guidelines, designed to protect oneself and others; while the latter captures the poetry of everyday life in the city, attempting to facilitate human interaction during the pandemic, and driven by the same goal - care for each other and the environment.
As part of The New Normal, we want to create unique objects that simultaneously relate and accommodate the circumstances and critically question our collective response. The exhibition consists of two installations: Balcony Sounds during the global pandemic and Keep Distance Movement; a research project mapping 500m radius in Vienna and Tel Aviv The Shrinking World_Poster; and the Public space in time of pandemic collection of essays, photos, and ideas
Does Syria want peace? Syrian policy in the Syrian-Israeli peace negotiations
No full textBy examining geopolitical factors, Hafiz al-Asad's overall political goals and strategies, his domestic and international constraints, and the evolution of his policies on peace with Israel, the author argues that Syria has always sought a just peace based on return of the Golan. The author is pessimistic, however, that the new Israeli government under Likud's Benjamin Netanyahu will accept such a settlement.</p
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