112 research outputs found
The Genderization of American Political Parties in Presidential Election Coverage on Network Television (1992–2020)
No full textThis content analysis investigates the genderization of political parties in network news coverage of U.S. presidential campaigns over the past 28 years. Based on Bem’s seminal Sex-Role Inventory, classic news values and leadership qualities were operationalized as masculine, feminine, and gender-neutral. Republicans were presented as more masculine and less feminine and gender-neutral than Democrats. These trends fluctuated some, but the differences between parties intensified over the course of the 8 presidential elections. The findings have implications for future studies that investigate the viability of gendered and transgendered candidates against the backdrop of political party identity. © 2022 (Maria Elizabeth Grabe and Ozen Bas). Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial No Derivatives (by-nc-nd). Available at http://ijoc.org
Sexual cues emanating from the Anchorette chair : implications for perceived professionalism, fitness for beat, and memory for news
No full textThe experimental study reported here employed one of the most compelling visual cues
of female sexual attractiveness (low waist-to-hip ratio) to test the influence of news
anchor sexualization on audience evaluations of her as a professional and their memory
for the news that she presents. Male participants saw the sexualized version of the anchor
as less suited for war and political reporting. They also encoded less news information
presented by the sexualized than her unsexualized version. Conclusions were drawn in
line with evolutionary psychology expectations of men’s cognitive susceptibility to visual
sex cues. Women participants, on the other hand, did not vary across conditions in their
assessments of the anchor’s competence to report on war and political news. Moreover,
they encoded more news information presented by the sexualized than unsexualized
anchor condition.http://www.sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.navnf201
Knowledge acquisition gaps : a comparison of print versus online news sources
No full textThis experimental study tested the knowledge gap hypothesis at the intersection of
audience education levels and news formats (newspaper versus online). The findings
reveal a gap in public affairs knowledge acquisition between South Korean citizens
(N = 123) from different educational backgrounds. Moreover, the high education group
comprehended news with the same level of efficiency across online and newspaper
formats while low education participants gained more knowledge from reading a
newspaper than using an online news source. Taken together, this study’s findings confirm
the knowledge gap hypothesis through experimental research and offer evidence of its
potential contribution to the digital divide.The Institute of Communication Research, Seoul National University.http://nms.sagepub.com
Visuele propaganda in TV-verkiesingsrubrieke
No full textM.A. (Communication Studies)SABC television coverage of general and municipal elections is regularly subjected to close scrutiny. The analyses made in these instances often concentrate on quantitative research of the time allocated to political parties, or analyses of the content of news reports, and items which are either ignored or used by the SABC. The controversy surrounding approaches such as this (and hence the motivation for this dissertation) is emphasised in Adams et al (1986: 155): "The irony of television news research in the social sciences is, that instead of producing studies of the audiovisual content of newscasts, it has largely resulted in research on verbal content alone." It is readily apparent, as attested by Adams that a lack of visual media research is a general phenomenon throughout the world. Quantitative research is practised with the use of stop watches and verbal analysis of content, but an important element of bias, viz. visual manipulation, is largely neglected. This study endeavours to create a broad framework for the analysis of visual bias. The handling of the 1987 and 1989 election campaigns on television by the SABC serves as material. Initially, the concept "propaganda" is discussed. It is noted that universally, "propaganda" has a negative. connotation in both research and practice. Due to the negative connotation of "propaganda", it is altogether underrated in the field of communication: it describes a phenomenon that occurs in totalitarian regimes and very seldom, it is assumed, in liberal democracies. The methods, applications, history and definitions of the term "propaganda" are discussed. Semiology and the possibilities of visual manipulation are subjects of discussion. It is noted that the viewer's experience of visual signs is naturally subjective. Andre (1984: 21) suggests that television can communicate truth or it can serve to present an aesthetic code, but it never engages the viewer directly with reality: "the camera never lies"; but the humans who manipulate it may do so..
The South African broadcasting corporation's coverage of the 1987 and 1989 elections: The matter of visual bias
No full text
Tabloid and Traditional Television News Magazine Crime Stories: Crime Lessons and Reaffirmation of Social Class Distinctions
No full text In recent times, critics have charged that tabloid news emphasizes and sensationalizes criminal behavior - thereby violating the journalistic ideal of providing objective information to the citizens of a democratic society. Yet, these claims have not been subjected to systematic investigation. This study compares tabloid and traditional broadcast news magazine programs in terms of their emphasis on crime and the content of their crime narratives. Results indicate that tabloid shows are more likely than traditional shows to feature crime stories. Both types of programs give crime stories similar prominence, and the content is relatively similar. However, tabloid shows are more likely than traditional shows to present the criminal as belonging to the middle or upper class. By contrast, traditional shows are more likely to present the criminal as belonging to the working class. </jats:p
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