1,248 research outputs found
Codinaea coffeae and Phialocephala xalapensis, two new Hyphomycetes from Mexico
No full textIn this paper two new species belonging to the genera Codinaea Maire (1937) and Phialocephala Kendrick (1961) are described and illustrated. They have been isolated from nursery soil of Coffea arabica L:, in Mexico
Species-abundance distribution patterns of soil fungi: Contribution to the ecological understanding of their response to experimental fire in mediterranean maquis (southern italy)
No full textExperimental fires, of both low and high intensity, were lit during the summer of 2000 and the following two years in the Castel Volturno Nature Reserve, southern Italy. Soil samples were collected from July 2000 to July 2002 to analyze the soil fungal community dynamics. Species abundance distribution patterns (geometric, logarithmic, log normal, broken-stick) were compared. We plotted data sets with information both on species richness and abundance for total, xerotolerant and heat-stimulated soil microfungi. The xerotolerant fungi conformed to a broken-stick model for both the low- and high-intensity fires at 7 and 84 days after the fire; their distribution subsequently followed logarithmic models in the 2 years following the fire. The distribution of the heat-stimulated fungi changed from broken-stick to logarithmic models, and eventually to a log normal model during the post-fire recovery. Xerotolerant and, to a far greater extent, heat-stimulated soil fungi acquire an important functional role following soil water stress and/or fire disturbance; these disturbance events allow them to occupy unsaturated habitats and to become increasingly abundant over time
ASPERGILLUS-IMPLICATUS, A NEW SPECIES ISOLATED FROM IVORY-COAST FOREST SOIL
No full textAspergillus implicatus sp. nov. is described from tropical forest soil in Tai National Park (Ivory Coast). The species shows an affinity with species of Section Candidi and is characterized by the peculiar presence of parallel sterile hyphae surrounding the conidiophore
Fungal communities in the rhizosphere of Coffea arabica L. in Mexico
No full textThe authors have already dealt with the problem of the fungal communities in the soil within the context of the research project, in collaboration with IILA and INIREB, on the fungal communities of a coffee agrosystem in Mexico. Data from the analysis of fungal communities in the rhizosphere are reported in this work and the differences between the models of distribution soil-rhizophere are emphasized as well
Fire effects on species-abundance distributions of soil fungal communities of Mediterranean maquis (southern Italy)
No full textFire is recognized as an important disturbance event in such ecosystems as temperate forest and Mediterranean maquis. The effects of fire on soil microbiota are determined by fire type, intensity, frequency and season of burning. The microbiota is a critical agent in relation to soil fertility and plant growth, due to its participation in nutrient cycling and in the formation and stabilization of soil aggregates. For soil fungi, fire, together with the concomitant combustion of soil litter, causes a decrease in the heterogeneity of the habitat as well as a decrease of fungal abundance and species numbers. The modification of the floristic composition and functioning of microfungal community lead to a subsequent new situation in competitive advantage of different parts of community. This research was carried out within the Project "Fire in Mediterranean environment: effects on vegetation and soil", supported by Italian Ministero dell’Università e della
Ricerca Scientifica e Tecnologica. The focus of the present study was to determine how abundance and distribution of soil
microfungal species were affected by two different intensities of burnings in Mediterranean maquis. Experimental fires, characterized by high and low intensity were performed during the summer (3 July 2000) in the "Castel Volturno Nature Reserve", a coastal area in southern Italy. The research was carried out in three sets of plots each one divided into three plots
of 5x10 m. A control plot and a high and low intensity burned plot were performed for each group. Soil samples were collected under Phillyrea angustifolia L., at 0-5 cm depth, 7, 84, 147, 245, 364 and 727 days after the experimental fire. The soil samples were sieved through a 2 mm mesh-sieve and treated according to the soil dilution plate method (soil/water ratio 1:1000) to isolate the total mycoflora and xerophilic fungi; the heat stimulated fungi were selectively isolated by the dilution method through a thermal stimulation of the soil suspension. The usefulness of species-abundance data to examine the effects of disturbance have been documented in several cases and this approach is here utilized. The species abundance distribution models, obtained by the statistical analyses, have provided information on resource-partitioning among fungal species in the communities and on
changes in the community structures over time
Miceli non fruttificanti isolati da suoli tropicali. Metodi per stimolare la sporulazione in coltura pura
No full textNel presente lavoro si saggia la capacita dell'agar estratto di terra con aggiunta di latte di cocco di stimolare la fruttificazione in miceli isolati da suolo rizosferico. Su questo substrato il 75% dei cippi in esame ha presentato fruttificazioni ascrivibili, per la maggior parte, alle Sphaeropsidales ed agli Ascomiceti. Interessante e stata la comparsa di corpi fruttiferi di Basidiomiceti in coltura pur
SCANNING ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY ON CONIDIOPHORE DEVELOPMENT AND CONIDIOGENESIS IN GONYTRICHUM (FUNGI IMPERFECTI)
No full textThe genus Gonytrichum appears to be closely related to Chloridium. The relationship between these two genera were widely studied. This investigation, carried out with SEM, confirms for Gonytrichum the same conidiogenous pattern with multiple conidiogenous loci and the term "sympodulophialides" has been reproposed. Differences between Chloridium and Gonytrichum concern the localization of the fertile conidiogenous locus
A new species of Heterocephalum from Ivory Coast soil.
No full textHeterocephalum taiense sp.nov. is described from a culture obtained from forest soil of the Tai National Park, Ivory Coast. It is compared with H. aurantiacum, from which it differs in colour of conidial heads and other features
Comparative studies on microfungi in tropical ecosystems. Further mycological studies in South Western Ivory Coast forest. Report n° 2. Mycological study of the soil.
No full textIn four permanent plots of the Tai National Park in Ivory Coast the fungal populations of the litter and of the soil, the mycorrhizae and the chemical characteristics of the soil, during the recovery of the forest, are examined.Considering the tai forest as a climax community, the fungal mycoflora seems to belong to a climax association that, if disturbed, has the ability to recover fast through a regular succession
Contributo preliminare alla conoscenza delle comunità fungine di dune sabbiose a Juniperus oxycedrus var. macrocarpa
No full textIl lavoro riporta l'analisi della composizione della comunità fungina di suoli sabbiosi a Juniperus oxycedrus var macrocarpa, per verificare l'influenza delle comunità vegetali sulla combinazione delle specie fungine present
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