40 research outputs found
SOME STATISTICAL RESULTS REGARDING THE EVALUATION OF THE QUALITY OF THE MASTER EDUCATION
No full textThe article emphasizes aspects regarding the evaluation of the higher educationï¿1/2s quality. In certain countries, the questionnaires regarding quality of the activity of HEIs (Higher Education Institutions) are administrated by specialized institutions led by the Ministry of Education or the university associations. The evaluation principles derive from well-known economic and social theories, evolving even evaluation models (see the SERVQUAL model). As a result of the Bologna Treaty (1999), the European Union has the objective to become an international reference concerning the higher education quality and to be more attractive than in the present for students, professors and researchers from other regions of the world. So as to fulfill these objectives ENQA (European Association for Quality Assurance in Higher Education) recommends HEIs to include in their development plans regarding quality aspects five principles described in the article. The practical study refers to the results of a questionnaire applied to the master business students from a Romanian university. In order to assess the level of satisfaction of students in relation to the master programme they are involved in, a questionnaire was applied on a sample of 200 such persons. The responses were then analyzed using multidimensional data analysis methods. Out of these, the present research is based on multiple response analysis. In the questionnaire, students were asked to return their level of satisfaction for different aspects related to the educational process they are involved in. The questions were constructed as five-level Likert items. In this way was insured a connection between answers given at each of the questions assessing the quality of the programme. Only 0.2% of the answers given relate to aspects about which the students were not satisfied at all. These answers represent 3.2% of the number of respondents. 30% of the students were slightly satisfied, returning 57 choices of this type. As one can see, the volume of each group increases with the level of satisfaction. The processing of the questionnaire was made on recent economic theories concerning the quality assurance in the university environment, which are briefly presented in the beginning of the article.higher education, teaching quality
EVALUATING TEACHING PERFORMANCE. FROM THEORY TO PRACTICE USING STATISTICAL TOOLS
No full textThe teaching performance is influenced firstly by the quality of the educational system. The universities are trying to raise the expectations regarding the methods used for evaluating the teaching quality. In order for the results to be as much as credible the evaluation must defer to the existing theory and to follow the standardized procedures, starting from some basic principles. The most used framework is represented by the 3P model which contains three parts: 1. The input (factors that come under the students and the professor) 2. The learning process (activities focused on learning, teaching methods, practical ability, individual study) 3. The outcome (the output of the learning process).This study presents some results of a questionnaire based on the existing economic theory and applied to a sample of master business students from Romania. The students were asked to give grades from 1 to 5 to several aspects related to the educational process. These aspects took into consideration the following: if the didactic activity was interesting for the students/ the relationship between the objectives of the course and the activity evolved/ the clarity of the presentations/ the degree of studentsï¿1/2 participation required by the teacher/ the methods and materials used/ the availability of the teacher. The average grade is 4.39, indicating a very high level of satisfaction, taking into account that the grades ranged from 1 to 5. For 50% of the students, the average grade was below 4.53, while for the other half it was above the specified value. But one has to see the value returned for the majority of the students. The mode equals 5, meaning that most of the students involved in the analyzed programme are extremely satisfied with the quality of the educational process. With a significance value Sig. = 0.004higher education, teaching quality
Scenarios and prospectives regarding the euro introduction on the Romanian market
No full text2008/2009The present research was intended to study the effects of the euro introduction on the Romanian market. After becoming a member of the European Union, the next step for Romania is to adopt the common currency. The present target for this is the period 2014 - 2015. Using a progessive approach, the study analyzes the effects of replacing the national currency with the euro. First are analyzed the five nominal criteria taken into account for entering the ERM II. Afterwards are analyzed the real and structural criteria and the possible alternative adjustment mechanisms that may replace the monetary policy. There were generated several possible scenarios using an econometric approach. In the end is taken into consideration the problem of Romania's competitiveness on international markets.XXII Cicl
Uncertainty in Latent Trait Models and Dimensionality Reduction Methods for Complex Data: An Analysis of Taxpayer Perception on the Fiscal System
No full textCollecting data through multiple measurements poses challenges in dealing with ordered categories, especially when several ratings measure one or more latent traits. This chapter proposes a hybrid model as an alternative to the conventional analysis that relies on the sum of individual item scores. Our approach involves synthesizing responses from multiple ordinal items into a single score using a dimension reduction approach. This synthesized score is then used as a predictor in a model designed explicitly for analysing ordinal response variables while accounting for subject-specific uncertainty in respondents’ answers. We implement the hybrid approach in the context of tax compliance models, where multiple ratings assess taxpayers’ perceptions on ordinal scales. Our analysis utilizes multivariate ordinal data models with a specification of latent variables. It has been shown that neglecting subject-specific uncertainty can lead to biased estimates of model parameters, and our proposed approach effectively addresses this concern. Additionally, we discuss the policy implications of our findings, highlighting the importance of incorporating subject-specific uncertainty when designing effective tax compliance strategies
Editorial Boards of Finance Journals: The Gender Gap and Social Networks
No full textSkaftadottir, Hanna Kristin/0000-0001-5228-8294; Shkurti, Rezarta/0000-0002-2126-2339; Paccagnini, Alessia/0000-0002-2421-7242We investigate gender disparities and network linkages among editors of Finance journals at the end of 2022. The role of journal editors in shaping academic disciplines is crucial, yet gender imbalances and the geographic concentration of editors remain poorly understood. Ethical considerations arise when examining the representation of women on editorial boards, as these imbalances can impact academic equity and the diversity of perspectives. We examine the gender composition of editorial boards and uncover the network structures among editors, seeking to shed light on the concentration of editorial power and its implications for diversity and inclusion. Our findings reveal that women account for an average of 20% of all editors, with notable variations across countries. Additionally, editorial affiliations are heavily concentrated in the United States and the United Kingdom. Through typological metrics, we identify highly connected editors with significant board memberships. While gender ratios remain consistent in substructures involving highly central editors or those serving on multiple boards, men consistently outnumber women.Horizon 2020 [CA19130]; COST Action [101119635]; Marie Sklstrok;odowska-Curie Actions under the European Union's Horizon Europe research and innovation program for the Industrial Doctoral Network on Digital Finance; European Union [760034/23.05.2023, PNRR-C9-I8-CF255/29.11.2022]; Romanian Government, under National Recovery and Resilience Plan for Romania; Romanian Ministry of Research, Innovation and Digitalization, within Component 9 [2022]; Investment I8" [2023]; Woman in Fintech III [2023]; Gender Equality and Women's Economic Empowerment in Time of Crisis, Tbilisi [2023]; NCHU, Taichung, TaiwanThis work was supported by COST Action CA19130 "Fintech and Artificial Intelligence in Finance-Towards a Transparent Financial Industry" within the Diversity Group and Virtual Grant. We also gratefully acknowledge the support of the Marie Sk & lstrok;odowska-Curie Actions under the European Union's Horizon Europe research and innovation program for the Industrial Doctoral Network on Digital Finance, acronym: DIGITAL, Project No. 101119635, within the Diversity Team. Codruta Mare acknowledges that this work was also supported by the project "A better understanding of socio-economic systems using quantitative methods from Physics" funded by the European Union-NextgenerationEU and the Romanian Government, under National Recovery and Resilience Plan for Romania, contract no 760034/23.05.2023, cod PNRR-C9-I8-CF255/29.11.2022, through the Romanian Ministry of Research, Innovation and Digitalization, within Component 9, Investment I8". We thank comments and feedback from participants of Woman in Fintech II, University of Tirana, Albania (2022), Woman in Fintech III, University of Coimbra, Portugal (2023), Gender Equality and Women's Economic Empowerment in Time of Crisis, Tbilisi, Georgia (2023), and Moving to Digital Finance, NCHU, Taichung, Taiwan (2023). We thank Federica Pazzaglia and Luca Pistilli for their invaluable suggestions
Deception detection in dialogues
No full textIn the social media era, it is commonplace to engage in written conversations. People sometimes even form connections across large distances, in writing. However, human communication is in large part non-verbal. This means it is now easier for people to hide their harmful intentions. At the same time, people can now get in touch with more people than ever before. This puts vulnerable groups at higher risk for malevolent interactions, such as bullying, trolling, or predatory behavior. Furthermore, such growing behaviors have most recently led to waves of fake news and a growing industry of deceit creators and deceit detectors. There is now an urgent need for both theory that explains deception and applications that automatically detect deception.
In this thesis I address this need with a novel application that learns from examples and detects deception reliably in natural-language dialogues. I formally define the problem of deception detection and identify several domains where it is useful. I introduce and evaluate new psycholinguistic features of deception in written dialogues for two datasets. My results shed light on the connection between language, deception, and perception. They also underline the challenges and difficulty of assessing perceptions from written text.
To automatically learn to detect deception I first introduce an expressive logical model and then present a probabilistic model that simplifies the first and is learnable from labeled examples. I introduce a belief-over-belief formalization, based on Kripke semantics and situation calculus. I use an observation model to describe how utterances are produced from the nested beliefs and intentions. This allows me to easily make inferences about these beliefs and intentions given utterances, without needing to explicitly represent perlocutions. The agents’ belief states are filtered with the observed utterances, resulting in an updated Kripke structure.
I then translate my formalization to a practical system that can learn from a small dataset and is able to perform well using very little structural background knowledge in the form of a relational dynamic Bayesian network structure.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2019-08-01The student, Codruta Girlea, accepted the attached license on 2017-07-11 at 17:06.The student, Codruta Girlea, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2017-07-11 at 17:12.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2017-07-12 at 17:06.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #11409 on 2018-03-02 at 13:01:34Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-02T19:59:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3
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An econometric approach to factors affecting crop insurance in romania
No full textCrop insurance is a very well implemented mechanism in the economic and agricultural sectors of
the developed countries. In the developing countries there are yet in practice traditional local
systems of helping the other in the case of natural disasters. The transition to an organized system,
based on buying insurance policies, is a very slow process and is, for the moment, used and
accepted only by big land owners. The study based on a sample of 308 small farmers in Romania
analyzes the factors influencing the decision of buying an insurance policy: age, education, size of
the village, the proximity to a city, the type of culture, etc. The sampling method aimed at ensuring
representativity on several levels: regional – villages from different counties; education – different
levels of education for farmers and different fields of study; type of village – villages of different
sizes and situated at various distances from towns; type of crop – farmers that mainly deal with
vegetables, pomiculture, vine and field crops. Through two econometric models, Ordered Logit and
Binary Logit, both the decision of buying an insurance policy and the type of insurance chosen
(partial or full) are assessed. Results show a higher propensity towards using the insurance system
in the case of younger farmers who have had access to tertiary education (especially in the field of
economics and business), who live in big villages near important cities and who cultivate
vegetables. Even though the study is regional, the emphasized mechanisms are universally valid
and can be used by policymakers from developing economies
Agriculture - a possible lifesaver in times of crisis? A worldwide level econometric study
No full textAgriculture - a possible lifesaver in times of crisis? A worldwide level econometric study
No full text
