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Rischi lavorativi in una azienda produttrice di ruote in lega di alluminio.
No full textAbstract
An environmental hygiene study was carried out in a factory making aluminium alloy wheels via pressure moulding. Physical risk factors (noise and microclimate) and chemical risk factors (respirable dust, mineral oils, solvents, fluorides, formaldehyde, CO) were assessed. Analysis of the data showed that physical risk factors were prevalent, whereas chemical pollution was insignificant due to technical improvements made by the management in the course of several redesigns of the plants
Applicazione industriale degli ultrasuoni: valutazione sperimentale degli effetti in confronto con esposti a rumore e con un gruppo di controllo.
No full textSynergistic Interactions Among Metabolic Syndrome Components and Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance in a Middle-Aged General Population over Time.
No full textBackground: Insulin resistance is considered a hallmark feature of the metabolic syndrome, but how metabolic syndrome components and insulin resistance measures interact over time is unclear. The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) is a static index of insulin resistance typically used in epidemiological studies. We explored how HOMA-IR is affected by clustering metabolic syndrome components over time in a population of middle-aged, healthy subjects.
Methods: A total of 1757 subjects aged 41.3 +/- 7.5 years (39% males) free from diabetes at baseline were followed-up for a median of 5.7 years. At baseline and at the end of observation, we determined metabolic syndrome components and HOMA-IR.
Results: Cross-sectionally, HOMA-IR was synergistically increased by clustering of at least two to three metabolic syndrome components as determined at baseline and at study end by departure from additivity. Some combinations of metabolic syndrome components were associated with a significant synergic increase in HOMA-IR, and some combinations of two components entailed a synergistic risk of developing metabolic syndrome. Over time, the average change in HOMA-IR was more than additively affected by change in the number of metabolic syndrome components. Baseline HOMA-IR values were predictive of incident metabolic syndrome independent from age, sex, and each metabolic syndrome component.
Conclusions: We show synergistic interaction between clustering metabolic syndrome components and insulin resistance, estimated by HOMA-IR, cross-sectionally and over time. This more than additive effect explains the incremental value of HOMA-IR in predicting metabolic risk
Confronto interlaboratoriale per la determinazione degli acidi mandelico e fenilgliossilico urinari in lavoratori esposti a stirene.
No full textThe importance of sampling time and of co-exposure to acetone in the biological monitoring of styrene exposed workers.
No full textAbstract
Forty-four workers exposed to styrene and acetone in the fiberglass industry were monitored on Monday and Thursday for 8 hours using passive dosimeters. The charcoal discs of the passive dosimeters were analyzed by gas chromatography. The 8-hour time-weighted average (TWA) exposure values ranged from 10 to 522 and 14 to 1581 mg/m3 on Monday and from 9 to 423 and 10 to 579 on Thursday for styrene and acetone, respectively. Urine samples were collected at the end of the work shift and before the start of the work shift the next morning (Tuesday and Friday). Mandelic acid and phenylglyoxylic acid were measured in the urine using a high pressure liquid chromatography method; values were expressed in milligrams/gram creatinine. Styrene TWA exposure values significantly correlated with the sum of metabolites at the end of the workday (r = 0.60 on Monday and r = 0.77 on Thursday) and also the next morning (r = 0.87 on Tuesday and r = 0.84 on Friday). Mandelic acid was always correlated with exposure better than phenylglyoxylic acid. A calculated styrene exposure level of 213 mg/m3 (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists threshold limit value) was associated with an excretion of metabolites (mandelic acid + phenylglyoxylic acid) higher on Thursday (921 mg/g creatinine) than on Monday (706 mg/g creatinine). The same observation was made on Friday (423 mg/g creatinine) as compared with Tuesday (315 mg/g creatinine). In conclusion, the threshold limit value of styrene was associated with different values of metabolites at the beginning and at the end of the workweek, and we must take this into account in establishing biological exposure indices. Moreover, our data show that the excretion of mandelic acid and phenylglyoxylic acid is not modified by simultaneous exposure of the workers to acetone
Biological monitoring of workers exposed to styrene and acetone
No full textAbstract
Twenty-two workers exposed to styrene and acetone in two fiberglass industries were monitored on Monday and Thursday for 8 hours using passive dosimeters. Urine samples were collected at the end of the workshift and before the start of the work on the next morning (Tuesday and Friday). The charcoal disks of the passive dosimeters were analysed by gas-chromatography. Mandelic acid (MA) and phenylglyoxylic acid (PGA) were measured using a HPLC method; values were expressed in mg/g of creatinine. The 8-h TWA exposure values for styrene and acetone ranged respectively from 22 to 522 mg/m3 and 40-1581 mg/m3 on Monday; 25-423 mg/m3 and 55-579 mg/m3 on Thursday. Styrene TWA exposure values significantly correlate with the sum of metabolites at the end of workday (r = 0.70 on Monday and r = 0.95 on Thursday) and also at the next morning (r = 0.86 on Tuesday and r = 0.85 on Friday). A styrene exposure level of 213 mg/m3 (ACGIH-TLV) was associated with an excretion of metabolites (MA+PGA) higher on Thursday (803 mg/g creat) than on Monday (570 mg/g creat). The same result was found on Friday (459 mg/g creat) compared with Tuesday (305 mg/g creat). Moreover our data show that the simultaneous exposure to acetone does not modify the excretion of MA. In conclusion the TLV of styrene is associated with different values of metabolites at the beginning and at the end of the work-week
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