43 research outputs found
Getting ready for the millennium round trade negotiations:
No full textContents: 1. Overview / Eugenio Diaz-Bonilla and Sherman Robinson 2. Latin American perspective / Eugenio Diaz-Bonilla and Lucio Reca 3. Asian perspective / Marcus Noland 4. African perspective / Natasha Mukherjee and Rebecca Lee Harris 5. Transition Economies' perspective / Ulrike Grote and Peter Wehrheim 6. European Union perspective / Stefan Tangermann 7. United States of America perspective / Dale Hathaway 8. Least-developed Countries' perspective / Eugenio Diaz-Bonilla, Marcelle Thomas, and Valeria Piñeiro 9. Cairns Group perspective / Kym Anderson.World Trade Organization., Produce trade Government policy International cooperation., Tariff on farm produce International cooperation., Agricultural policy International cooperation.,
Dirty Tariffication Revisited: The EU and Sugar
No full textIt is widely believed that a number of countries, including the EU, engaged in dirty tariffication during the Uruguay Round of trade talks. This article examines the EUÂ’s record on sugar and finds little evidence to substantiate the claim. However, world prices increased between the base period (1986-88) and the date of implementation (1995), and so tariffication resulted in an increase in the tax that would have been charged on sugar imports into the EU. As well, the Special Safeguard provisions meant that a substantial additional levy could be charged.agriculture, EU, sugar, tariffication, trade, International Relations/Trade,
CHALLENGES IN QUANTITATIVE ECONOMIC ANALYSIS IN SUPPORT OF MULTILATERAL TRADE NEGOTIATIONS
No full textInternational Relations/Trade,
Getting ready for the millennium round trade negotiations
No full textWhen trade ministers meet in the United States( ) late this year, they may launch a new round of global trade talks under the auspices of the World Trade Organization (WTO). If the ministers indeed initiate this “millennium round,” agriculture will be part of it. Otherwise, agricultural negotiations will proceed on their own, since Article 20 of the Uruguay Round (UR) Agreement on Agriculture states that agricultural negotiations should be resumed during 1999.Contents: 1. Overview / Eugenio Diaz-Bonilla and Sherman Robinson -- 2. Latin American perspective / Eugenio Diaz-Bonilla and Lucio Reca --3. Asian perspective / Marcus Noland -- 4. African perspective / Natasha Mukherjee and Rebecca Lee Harris -- 5. Transition Economies' perspective / Ulrike Grote and Peter Wehrheim -- 6. European Union perspective / Stefan Tangermann -- 7. United States of America perspective / Dale Hathaway -- 8. Least-developed Countries' perspective / Eugenio Diaz-Bonilla, Marcelle Thomas, and Valeria Piñeiro -- 9. Cairns Group perspective / Kym Anderson.Non-PRIFPRI1; Markets and Trade; 2020TMD; DG
The Doha Talks and the Bargaining Surplus in Agriculture
No full textThe Doha Round has been slow to achieve a reduction in the level of agricultural protection. This remains the case notwithstanding the substantial economic benefits that would arise from a more liberal agricultural trading regime. We provide one explanation for this slowness using a simple bargaining model. We demonstrate that the bargaining countries received a substantial fiscal gain from reducing government expenditures in the run-up to the Uruguay Round. This fiscal pressure was sufficient to block rent seekers who wanted farm payments to continue. Since the Uruguay Round these fiscal constraints have been reduced and the same pressure to reach a bargain and control rent-seeking behaviour is not present in the Doha Round.Doha Round, rent seeking, bargaining, International Relations/Trade,
Current preferences of Southern Mediterranean Countries and their erosion after variations of the entry price system
No full textIt has been calculated the value of the preference margin granted to Euro-Mediterranean partners in the cases of reduced entry prices in force, and then it has been simulated the impact of EU trade liberalisation for F&V on such values after two different alternatives of EP system variations resulting from a WTO agreement. The results of current preferences indicate that in monetary terms there is only a significant relevance of the preferential EPs in the case of Moroccan tomatoes and, to a lesser extent, in Moroccan clementines. Very little is the relevance for Jordanian tomatoes and cucumbers and Moroccan courgettes, cucumbers and artichokes. In the cases of oranges from Egypt, Morocco, Israel and Jordan, preferential EP has not meant potential monetary transfers to these preference-receiver countries. Instead, the ad valorem tariff exoneration seems crucial in almost all the products. With regard to the erosion of preferences as a result of a WTO agreement, the magnitude of the erosion depends crucially on the variation/no-variation of the current trigger EPs, and the undermining of preferences is concentrated mostly on Moroccan tomatoes.Entry prices, erosion of trade preferences, Euro-Mediterranean trade, fruits and vegetables, International Relations/Trade,
CONTROL FUNCTIONS DEVELOPMENT FOR DISTRIBUTED AUTOMATION SYSTEMS USING THE TORERO APPROACH
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