1,721,036 research outputs found
New improvements of the extended minimum cost flow phase unwrapping for processing multitemporal full resolution interferograms
No full textWe present an efficient space-time phase unwrapping (PhU) algorithm allowing us to analyze sequences of multitemporal full resolution differential Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) interferograms for the generation of deformation time-series. The core of the proposed technique is represented by the extended minimum cost flow (EMCF) PhU algorithm. Our method is based on a joint analysis of the spatial and temporal relationships among a set of properly selected multitemporal differential interferograms. More specifically, the key idea is to split the complex MCF network problem into that of simpler sub-networks. Accordingly, we start by identifying and solving a primary network that involves a proper selection of coherent pixels of the computed interferograms, representing the backbone structure of the overall network. Subsequently, this result is applied for constraining the solution of the sub-networks connected to the primary one, involving the entire set of analyzed pixels. This task is achieved by solving a constrained optimization problem based on the computation of a Constrained Delaunay Triangulation in the Azimuth/Range domain. The experimental results, achieved by applying the proposed approach to a dataset consisting of European Remote Sensing (ERS) SAR data acquired, from June 1992 to August 2007 over the Napoli (Italy) bay area, confirm the effectiveness of the proposed PhU approach
The SBAS-DInSAR technique: A tool for deformation monitoring in the urban damage assessment
No full textThe extended SBAS technique for generating full resolution ERS/ENVISAT deformation time-series
No full textDInSAR measurements of ground deformation by sinkholes, mining subsidence, and landslides, Ebro River, Spain
No full textDifferential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (DInSAR) has been applied to detect and measure ground deformation in a stretch of the Ebro River valley (Spain) excavated in salt-bearing evaporites. The capability of the Small Baseline Subset (SBAS) DInSAR technique to detect ground displacement is analyzed comparing the DInSAR results with the available geomorphological information. The deformation map derived from 27 European Remote Sensing (ERS) satellite images covering more than five years provides sub-centimeter displacement measurements in zones coinciding with known active sinkholes and landslides. Moreover the map provides the first account of mining subsidence in the area. The measured deformation rates reach 1.68 cm/y for the sinkholes, 0.80 cm/y for the landslides and 1.45 cm/y for the area affected by mining subsidence. The SBAS DInSAR technique provided deformation measurements in a small proportion (5-10%) of the known active sinkholes and landslides. This limitation is mainly due to the lack of coherence in agricultural areas, the spatial resolution of the deformation map (pixel size of 90 m), and the parallelism between the ERS satellite line of sight and the linear escarpment on which most of the landslides occur. Despite this, the interferometric technique provides valuable data that complement traditional geomorphological studies including the quantification of the deformation phenomena, the identification of mining subsidence otherwise only recognizable by geodetic methods, and the detection of creep deformation which might correspond to premonitory indicators of catastrophic sinkholes and landslides capable of causing the loss of lives. Detailed DInSAR studies combined with field data would be required to improve the analysis of each deformation area. Copyright (C) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. RI Castaneda, Carmen/E-7588-201
Long-term ERS/ENVISAT deformation time-series generation at full spatial resolution via the extended SBAS technique
No full textWe extend the small baseline subset (SBAS) differential synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry (DInSAR) approach to allow the generation of deformation time-series by processing, at the full spatial resolution scale, long sequences of European Remote Sensing (ERS-1 and ERS-2) and Environmental Satellite (ENVISAT) SAR data acquired with the same illumination geometry. In particular, we avoid the generation of ERS/ENVISAT cross-interferograms, which are severely affected by noise phenomena due to the carrier frequency separation of the two SAR systems, and we focus on single-platform interferograms only (i.e. ERS/ERS and ENVISAT/ENVISAT interferograms) that are properly combined by applying the singular value decomposition (SVD)-based SBAS approach. Moreover, we exploit the Doppler centroid variations of the post-2000 acquisitions of the ERS-2 sensor and the carrier frequency difference between the ERS-1/2 and the ENVISAT systems, in order to maximize the number of investigated SAR pixels and to improve their geocoding. The presented results, achieved on two data sets relevant to the Napoli Bay area and to the Murge region, both located in southern Italy, confirm the effectiveness of the extended SBAS technique and demonstrate the relevance of deformation analysis carried out at the scale of single buildings or human-made structures with more than 15 years of ERS and ENVISAT acquisitions
New advances of the extended minimum cost flow phase unwrapping algorithm for SBAS-DInSAR analysis at full spatial resolution
No full textWe present an efficient space-time phase unwrapping (PhU) algorithm that allows us to process sequences of multitemporal full resolution differential synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferograms for the generation of deformation time-series. The core of the proposed technique, dealing with sparse data grids, is represented by the extended minimum cost flow (MCF) (EMCF) PhU algorithm that was originally developed for the analysis of sequences of multilook interferograms. In particular, our method relies on the joint analysis of the spatial and temporal relationships among a set of properly selected multitemporal differential interferograms, which are compatible with the Small BAseline subset (SBAS) deformation time-series technique. The key point of the approach is the idea to split the complex MCF network problem, representing the overall PhU operation, into that of simpler subnetworks. More precisely, we start by identifying and solving a primary network that involves a proper selection of coherent pixels of the computed interferograms, representing the backbone structure of the overall network. Subsequently, this result is applied for constraining the solution of the subnetworks connected to the primary one, involving the entire set of analyzed pixels. To achieve this task, we solve a constrained optimization problem based on the computation of a constrained Delaunay triangulation in the azimuth/range domain. The overall procedure is implemented through two successive processing steps that are both carried out by using the EMCF PhU technique, which has been slightly modified to take into account the Doppler centroid differences of the exploited interferometric SAR data pairs. The experimental results, achieved by applying the proposed approach to a data set consisting of European Remote Sensing (ERS) SAR data acquired from June 1992 to August 2007 over the Napoli (Italy) bay area, confirm the effectiveness of the proposed PhU approach
A space-time minimum cost flow phase unwrapping algorithm for the generation of persistent scatterers deformation time-series
No full textPostseismic displacement of the 1999 Athens earthquake retrieved by the Differential Interferometry by Synthetic Aperture Radar time series
No full textIn September 1999, a moderate (M(W) = 5.9) earthquake struck the Attica plain, causing unexpected and extensive damage to Athens and its population. In this work, we exploit the potential of multitemporal Differential Interferometry by Synthetic Aperture Radar (DInSAR) analysis, using about a hundred European Remote Sensing (ERS) 1/2 images to calculate the displacement time series from 1992 to 2002. This analysis allows us to clearly separate a strictly coseismic signal from a postseismic gradual subsidence, reaching a maximum value of about 3 cm in the following 2.5 years. We model this signal in terms of afterslip on the seismogenic fault. The afterslip distribution, retrieved by linear inversion, reflects the coseismic slip distribution and occurs mainly downdip of the area that ruptured during the main shock. The analysis of the static stress transfer suggests that the afterslip was triggered by the main shock, then it propagated aseismically through the fault plane. A partial overlap between the coseismic and aseismic slip area at the hypocentral region indicates that the 1999 rupture surface was not "healed'' at least until the date of the last postseismic image (April 2002). The results obtained with a time series approach for this moderate magnitude earthquake suggest that multitemporal DInSAR analysis should become an important methodology for the study of large earthquake ruptures. RI Salvi, Stefano/G-3905-201
Geometrical SAR image registration
No full textAccurate subpixel registration of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images is an issue that is again growing interest since its initial developments related to two-pass interferometry. Recent progress in coherent (multichannel) SAR processing raises the need for accurate registration of data takes acquired with large baseline spans, high temporal coverage, and with different frequency and/or operational modes. In this paper, we discuss a SAR image-registration procedure, based on the use of external measures which allows obtaining a very accurate alignment of SAR images. The presented technique makes use of a digital elevation model and of the precise information about the acquisition flight tracks, to compute the warping functions that map the position of each pixel in the different takes, thus avoiding any approximation. The resulting algorithm is simple, robust, precise, and very efficient; as a matter of fact, it may achieve high accuracy even in critical areas, such as steep topography regions. Moreover, the availability of an analytical and exact model allows performing a detailed sensitivity analysis that can be useful in evaluating the applicability of this technique even to future high-precision satellite systems. Extensive testing, carried out on several real European Remote Sensing and ENVISAT datasets, clearly shows the effectiveness of such algorithm in registering critical SAR images. RI Sansosti, Eugenio/F-7297-201
Advanced SBAS-DInSAR technique for controlling large civil infrastructures: an application to the Genzano di Lucania dam
Full text linkMonitoring surface deformation on dams is commonly carried out by in situ geodetic surveying, which is time consuming and characterized by some limitations in space coverage and frequency. More recently microwave satellite-based technologies, such as advanced-DInSAR (Differential Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry), have allowed the integration and improvement of the observation capabilities of ground-based methods thanks to their effectiveness in collecting displacement measurements on many non-destructive control points, corresponding to radar reflecting targets. The availability of such a large number of points of measurement, which are distributed along the whole structure and are characterized by millimetric accuracy on displacement rates, can be profitably adopted for the calibration of numerical models. These models are implemented to simulate the structural behaviour of a dam under conditions of stress thus improving the ability to maintain safety standards. In this work, after having analysed how advanced DInSAR can effectively enhance the results from traditional monitoring systems that provide comparable accuracy measurements on a limited number of points, an FEM model of the Genzano di Lucania earth dam is developed and calibrated. This work is concentrated on the advanced DInSAR technique referred to as Small BAseline Subset (SBAS) approach, benefiting from its capability to generate deformation time series at full spatial resolution and from multi-sensor SAR data, to measure the vertical consolidation displacement of the Genzano di Lucania earth dam
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