70 research outputs found
Chapter Spazi e tempi della libertà economica
No full textThe author focuses on the urban world to reformulate the question traditionally interpreted in terms of the entrepreneurial freedom of late medieval merchants: even in this context the notion of libertas, rather than absolutely defining the economic action of groups or people, was related in terms functional to their social and political qualities. The analysis of Italian city legislation, in particular of the regulations of the arts and of the market, highlights how the different degrees of belonging to the civitas guaranteed the spaces for economic action and commercial times: full freedom remained firmly in the hands of a few family groups and privileged while in the market squares of Italian cities farmers, artisans and traders and the vast world of subordinate work were destined to remain subordinate actors
Consenso informato: dal buio alla luce. Andata e… pericoloso ritorno?
No full textOver the last years, the principle of informed consent has gained considerable importance in the doctrinal elaboration and approaches, as well as juridical interpretations, thereby influencing the everyday activities of the medical profession. It tends to reflect the concept of autonomy and decisional auto determination of the person requiring medical or surgical interventions. The correct informed consent requires that the healthcare provider gives the patient all the information necessary for a knowledgeable decision on the proposed procedure. In order for the patient to be presented with sufficient information to make an informed decision, several elements are necessary, regarding diagnosis, purpose of proposed treatment, possible risks and benefits of proposed treatment, possible alternatives to proposed treatment and possible risks of not receiving treatment. Informed consent is still the object of continuous explorations. In this article, the Author analyses the doctrine of informed consent in the Italian contest, describing some decisions of the Court that are useful to explore all the aspects of the subject
Riboflavin-responsive multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency with unknown genetic defect
No full textMultiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MADD) is a rare autosomal recessively inherited disorder of fatty acid metabolism due to ETFA, ETFB or ETFDH mutations. Riboflavin treatment ameliorates symptoms and metabolic profile in ETFDH-related MADD patients. We report on a 20-year-old boy with an 8-year history of progressive difficulty in walking, running and climbing stairs. Muscle biopsy showed a lipid myopathy and the acylcarnitine profile analysis was suggestive of MADD. Nevertheless, no evidence of molecular defects in the ETFA, ETFB and ETFDH exons or intron-exon boundaries was found. Treatment with riboflavin for 1 year resulted in a clear improvement in motor functions. Our report shows that some cases of MADD are not linked to ETFA, ETFB and ETFDH exon or intron-exon boundary changes. They could be due to quite rare promoter or deep intronic mutations or, most likely, to some unknown genetic defect. We therefore suggest to extend in these cases molecular studies to cDNA analysis and indicate the need of extensive pedigree studies to identify other possible disease-related loci. Most important, treatment of these cases with riboflavin can also be effective. Therefore, early diagnosis is essential to achieve the best treatment response. © The Author(s) 2011
The changing face of the Constantia Valley a temporal study of land use change in a heritage landscape
No full textIncludes bibliographical references.The study of land use change and urban morphology requires a multi-layered approach. Case studies are needed to gain an understanding of the local factors that are driving land use change and forming urban landscapes. This study will provide a temporal perspective on land use change in the Constantia Valley, a high income suburb on the outskirts of Cape Town. It will contextualise the efforts to conserve its heritage and, furthermore, attempt to explain the factors underlying the observed changes in the urban form. This study, through the use of Geographic Information System (GIS) mapping and a series of interviews, examines how and why the urban form of the Constantia Valley has changed. Finally, based on the findings the possible future urban form of Constantia will be considered
Control of Vertical Take Off, Pumping Operation and Vertical Landing of Hybrid Drones for Airborne Wind Energy
No full textImmunophenotypic Alterations in Adult Patients with Steroid-Dependent and Frequently Relapsing Nephrotic Syndrome
No full textImmune dysregulation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of steroid-dependent/frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome (SDNS/FRNS). However, in contrast with evidence from the pediatric series, no major B- or T-cell alterations have been described for adults. In these patients, treatment with rituximab allows safe discontinuation of steroids, but long-term efficacy is variable, and some patients experience NS relapses after B cell reconstitution. In this study, we aimed to determine disease-associated changes in the B and T cell phenotype of adult patients with SDND/FRNS after steroid-induced remission. We also investigated whether any of these changes in immune cell subsets could discriminate between patients who developed NS relapses after steroid-sparing treatment with rituximab from those who did not. Lymphocyte subsets in SDNS/FRNS patients (n = 18) were compared to those from patients with steroid-resistant NS (SRNS, n = 7) and healthy volunteers (HV, n = 15). Before rituximab, SDND/FRNS patients showed increased frequencies of total and memory B cells, mainly with a CD38-negative phenotype. Within the T-cell compartment, significantly lower levels of FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) were found, mostly due to a reduction in CD45RO+ memory Tregs compared to both SRNS and HV. The levels of CD45RO+ Tregs were significantly lower at baseline in patients who relapsed after rituximab (n = 9) compared to patients who did not (n = 9). In conclusion, patients with SDND/FRNS displayed expansion of memory B cells and reduced memory Tregs. Treg levels at baseline may help identify patients who will achieve sustained remission following rituximab infusion from those who will experience NS relapses
Storia, storia del pensiero politico e teologia: un rapporto complesso
No full textThe paper deals with the relationship between medieval history and the history of medieval political thought. The author claims that, after a long period of time in which political thought was not considered a relevant object of a genuine historical inquiry, the situation is changing. In is opinion, the so-called linguistic turn has contributed to overcoming a prejudice against political thought, wrongly considered to be too abstract and unable to interpret historical reality. In order to support his claim, the author mentions not only recent volumes, such as The Languages of Political Society (2011), but also the contributions by Giacomo Todeschini and Paolo Evangelisti, deeply rooted in the legacy of Ovidio Capitani’s teaching. Enrico Artifoni’s ground-breaking studies on political communication in the Italian communi show how fruitful attention to language can also lead to a better understanding of the true functioning of civic institutions. In the second part, the paper focuses on the renewed attention to “political theology”, intended not exclusively in the terms of Carl Schmitt, but rather in those of Ernst Kantorowicz. Referring to Antony Black, the author shows that it legitimates to speak of a theological language as one among other medieval political languages through which life in society and its sense in history were interpreted
Tradição e tradicionalismo gaúchos (Rio Grande do Sul/Brasil) sob olhares da hospitalidade: identidade em questão
No full textEste trabalho parte da tese de que relações conceituais presentes na tríade "tradição - hospitalidade - identidade" poderiam colocar em questão concepções de identidade que se têm atribuído à tradição e ao tradicionalismo gaúchos, edificadas prioritariamente em perspectiva de fixidez e para a qual concorreriam historicamente dinâmicas de pertencimento ainda marcadas por surdez relacional. Desde 1947, o tradicionalismo gaúcho vem delimitando conjuntos de valores, símbolos e rituais que seriam atinentes à tradição gaúcha, compreendendo o Rio Grande do Sul, no sul do Brasil, como referencial geográfico territorial. Determinadas práticas sociais vinculadas a gastronomia, atividades campeiras, manifestações artísticas, além de literatura e historiografia específicas contribuem para a exaltação dessa tradição no Rio Grande do Sul e em outras localidades onde entidades atreladas ao tradicionalismo são fundadas. Nesse contexto, emerge um objeto de pesquisa tecido em uma rede complexa de elos entre domínio conceitual e empírico, este, relativo às entidades tradicionalistas e aos sujeitos tradicionalistas. Partindo dessas reflexões, o estudo se desenha pela sua natureza qualitativa, com delineamento ensaístico em forma (processo de textualização - gênero textual) e conteúdo (processo de reflexão científica) e com abordagem metodológica multirreferencial. Transitando por/entre supostos teóricos de diferentes áreas de conhecimento e por/entre questões suscitadas no curso reflexivo, busca-se ampliar o escopo analítico da tríade "tradição - hospitalidade - identidade" presente na tese inicialmente construída. São trazidos à análise, no intento de depreender/estabelecer diálogos teóricos, conceitos que levam à reflexão de que, no contexto estudado, o pertencimento à construção da identidade estaria assentado em uma ideia de mesmidade, ou seja, em uma identidade do mesmo. Todavia, por meio de aproximações teóricas, desenvolvem-se possibilidades que vislumbram rupturas em cristalizações identitárias pretendidas pelo tradicionalismo gaúcho, através de relações de hospitalidade, com o reconhecimento da alteridade na constituição de sujeitos. Decorrência do processo ensaístico, uma reescrita da tese inicialmente proposta toma corpo, a qual assumiria a seguinte configuração: O reconhecimento da propriedade relacional da hospitalidade e da intrínseca relação entre identidade, mesmidade e alteridade colocam em questão concepções de identidade que se têm atribuído à tradição e ao tradicionalismo gaúchos, promovendo descristalizações identitárias originárias e originantes de processos de transformação de territórios/territorialidades dessa tradição em espaços de hospitalidade/acolhimento, assim como originárias e originantes de ressignificações de percepções de pertencimento e de comunidade. Por fim, considera-se que a contribuição deste ensaio reside na articulação acerca da tríade "tradição - hospitalidade - identidade", uma vez que, sob o prisma das transformações advindas de relações de acolhimento, invariabilidades pretendidas pela tradição e tradicionalismo gaúchos foram por outro/novo ângulo analisadas. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]This doctoral research is based on the thesis that conceptual relations present in the triad "tradition - hospitality - identity" could question conceptions of identity that have been attributed to gaucho’s tradition and traditionalism, built primarily in a perspective
of fixity and for which there would be historically dynamics of belonging still marked by relational deafness. Since 1947, the gaucho traditionalism has been delimiting sets of values, symbols and rituals that would be related to the gaucho tradition, having Rio Grande do Sul, in southern Brazil, as a territorial geographic reference. Certain social practices linked to gastronomy, rural activities, artistic manifestations, besides specific literature and historiography contribute to the exaltation of this tradition in Rio Grande do Sul and in other places where entities linked to traditionalism are founded. In this context, a research object woven into a complex network of links between the conceptual and empirical domains emerges, the latter relating to traditionalist entities and traditionalist subjects. Based on these reflections, the study is designed for its
qualitative nature, with an essayistic design in form (textualization process - textual genre) and content (scientific reflection process) and with a multi-referential methodological approach. Transiting through/between theoretical assumptions from different areas of knowledge and through/between issues raised in the reflective course, it is sought to expand the analytical scope of the triad "tradition - hospitality - identity" present in the thesis initially built. Concepts that lead to the reflection that, in
the studied context, belonging to identity construction would be based on an idea of sameness, that is, on an identity of the same. However, through theoretical approximations, possibilities are developed that envisage ruptures in identity crystallizations intended by the gaucho traditionalism, through hospitality relations, with the recognition of alterity in the constitution of subjects. As a result of the essay process, a rewriting of the thesis initially proposed takes shape, which would assume the following configuration: The recognition of the relational property of hospitality and the intrinsic relationship between identity, sameness and alterity call into question identity conceptions that have been attributed to gaucho’s tradition and traditionalism, promoting identity decrystallizations originating from and giving rise to from processes of transformation of territories/territorialities of this tradition into spaces of hospitality/welcoming, as well as originating from and giving rise to from resignifications of perceptions of belonging and community. Finally, it is considered that the contribution of this essay lies in the proposed articulation about the triad "tradition - hospitality - identity", once, under the prism of the transformations resulting from welcoming relationships, invariability intended by the gaucho's tradition and traditionalism were analyzed from another/new angle. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, CAPE
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