143 research outputs found
Transcendència del control ambiental de l’obra pública. Cas aplicat de les obres d’urbanització de la Rambla Modolell de Viladecans
No full textAquest projecte té com a objectiu principal avaluar i comprendre els impactes ambientals associats a l'execució d'obres públiques, així com destacar la importància del seguiment ambiental durant el procés constructiu.
En la primera part teòrica, es defineix l'impacte ambiental i es revisen les normatives ambientals existents, que han contribuït a establir un marc regulador per minimitzar els efectes negatius de la construcció sobre el medi ambient incloent els principals certificats ambientals existents per als materials i la maquinària d’obra. De l’estudi teòric s’extreuen els paràmetres ambientals que s'han de tenir en compte durant l'execució d'una obra a partir les eines disponibles per a elaborar el seguiment ambiental i les possibilitats que aquestes ofereixen.
La segona part del projecte se centra en l'aplicació pràctica dels conceptes teòrics en un cas real: les obres d'urbanització de la Rambla Modolell de Viladecans. En el seguiment ambiental de l’obra s’hi consideren 8 paràmetres: emissió de CO2, consum energètic, consum d’aigua potable, generació de residus, contingut de material reciclat, ecoetiquetes i el cicle de vida. Analitzant específicament les emissions de CO2 i el consum energètic a través del mòdul ambiental del TCQ-GMA i elaborant l’anàlisi de dades amb el PowerBI.
A l’obra s’ha emès 1.707.879 kgCO2 i es s'han consumit 19.541.318 MJ reduint en un 10% l’estimat a projecte gràcies a les accions correctores implementades. Amb l’elaboració d’un model BIM s’analitza l’obra tant a nivell econòmic com l’impacte ambiental amb l’objectiu d’implementar millores per incrementar-ne la sostenibilitat.
En conclusió, s’ofereix una visió integral de l'impacte ambiental en el sector de la construcció i una aplicació pràctica que demostra la transcendència del seguiment ambiental a l’obra com una eina clau per a una construcció més sostenible proposant una implementació de la metodologia aplicada en el sector de l’obra pública.Este proyecto tiene como objetivo evaluar y comprender los impactos ambientales asociados a la ejecución de obras públicas, así como destacar la importancia del seguimiento ambiental durante el proceso constructivo.
En la primera parte teórica, se define el impacto ambiental y se revisan las normativas ambientales existentes, que han contribuido a establecer un marco regulador para minimizar los efectos negativos de la construcción sobre el medio ambiente, incluyendo los principales certificados ambientales para los materiales y la maquinaria de obra. Del estudio teórico se extraen los parámetros ambientales que se deben considerar durante la ejecución de una obra a partir de las herramientas disponibles para elaborar el seguimiento ambiental y sus posibilidades.
La segunda parte del proyecto se centra en la aplicación práctica de los conceptos teóricos en un caso real: las obras de urbanización de la Rambla Modolell de Viladecans. En el seguimiento ambiental de la obra se consideran 8 parámetros: emisión de CO2, consumo energético, consumo de agua potable, generación de residuos, contenido de material reciclado, ecoetiquetas y el ciclo de vida. Analizando específicamente las emisiones de CO2 y el consumo energético a través del TCQ-GMA y elaborando el análisis de datos con PowerBI.
En la obra se han emitido 1.707.879 kgCO2 y se han consumido 19.541.318 MJ, reduciendo en un 10% lo estimado en proyecto gracias a las acciones correctoras implementadas. Elaborando un modelo BIM se analiza la obra tanto a nivel económico como el impacto ambiental con el objetivo de implementar mejoras para incrementar su sostenibilidad.
En conclusión, se ofrece una visión integral del impacto ambiental en el sector de la construcción y una aplicación práctica que demuestra la trascendencia del seguimiento ambiental en la obra como una herramienta clave para una construcción más sostenible, proponiendo una implementación de la metodología aplicada en el sector de la obra pública.The main objective of this project is to evaluate and understand the environmental impacts associated with public works, as well as to highlight the importance of environmental monitoring during the construction process.
In the first theoretical part, environmental impact is defined, and the existing environmental regulations, which have helped establish a regulatory framework to minimize the negative effects of construction on the environment, are reviewed. This includes key environmental certifications for materials and machinery used in the construction site. The theoretical study identifies the environmental parameters to be considered during a project’s execution based on the available tools for environmental monitoring and the opportunities they offer.
The second part focuses on the practical application of theoretical concepts to a real case: the urbanization works on Rambla Modolell in Viladecans. The environmental monitoring considers 8 parameters: CO2 emissions, energy consumption, potable water consumption, waste generation, recycled material content, eco-labels, and life cycle. CO2 emissions and energy consumption are specifically analysed through the TCQ-GMA environmental module, with data analysis done using PowerBI.
The construction emits 1,707,879 kgCO2 and consumes 19,541,318 MJ, reducing the project estimate by 10% due to the corrective actions implemented. A BIM model was developed to analyse both the economic and environmental impacts, with the aim of implementing improvements to enhance sustainability.
In conclusion, this project offers a comprehensive view of the environmental impact in construction and a practical application demonstrating the significance of environmental monitoring as a key tool for more sustainable construction, proposing the implementation of this methodology in the public works sector
Transcendència del control ambiental de l’obra pública. Cas aplicat de les obres d’urbanització de la Rambla Modolell de Viladecans
No full textAquest projecte té com a objectiu principal avaluar i comprendre els impactes ambientals associats a l'execució d'obres públiques, així com destacar la importància del seguiment ambiental durant el procés constructiu.
En la primera part teòrica, es defineix l'impacte ambiental i es revisen les normatives ambientals existents, que han contribuït a establir un marc regulador per minimitzar els efectes negatius de la construcció sobre el medi ambient incloent els principals certificats ambientals existents per als materials i la maquinària d’obra. De l’estudi teòric s’extreuen els paràmetres ambientals que s'han de tenir en compte durant l'execució d'una obra a partir les eines disponibles per a elaborar el seguiment ambiental i les possibilitats que aquestes ofereixen.
La segona part del projecte se centra en l'aplicació pràctica dels conceptes teòrics en un cas real: les obres d'urbanització de la Rambla Modolell de Viladecans. En el seguiment ambiental de l’obra s’hi consideren 8 paràmetres: emissió de CO2, consum energètic, consum d’aigua potable, generació de residus, contingut de material reciclat, ecoetiquetes i el cicle de vida. Analitzant específicament les emissions de CO2 i el consum energètic a través del mòdul ambiental del TCQ-GMA i elaborant l’anàlisi de dades amb el PowerBI.
A l’obra s’ha emès 1.707.879 kgCO2 i es s'han consumit 19.541.318 MJ reduint en un 10% l’estimat a projecte gràcies a les accions correctores implementades. Amb l’elaboració d’un model BIM s’analitza l’obra tant a nivell econòmic com l’impacte ambiental amb l’objectiu d’implementar millores per incrementar-ne la sostenibilitat.
En conclusió, s’ofereix una visió integral de l'impacte ambiental en el sector de la construcció i una aplicació pràctica que demostra la transcendència del seguiment ambiental a l’obra com una eina clau per a una construcció més sostenible proposant una implementació de la metodologia aplicada en el sector de l’obra pública.Este proyecto tiene como objetivo evaluar y comprender los impactos ambientales asociados a la ejecución de obras públicas, así como destacar la importancia del seguimiento ambiental durante el proceso constructivo.
En la primera parte teórica, se define el impacto ambiental y se revisan las normativas ambientales existentes, que han contribuido a establecer un marco regulador para minimizar los efectos negativos de la construcción sobre el medio ambiente, incluyendo los principales certificados ambientales para los materiales y la maquinaria de obra. Del estudio teórico se extraen los parámetros ambientales que se deben considerar durante la ejecución de una obra a partir de las herramientas disponibles para elaborar el seguimiento ambiental y sus posibilidades.
La segunda parte del proyecto se centra en la aplicación práctica de los conceptos teóricos en un caso real: las obras de urbanización de la Rambla Modolell de Viladecans. En el seguimiento ambiental de la obra se consideran 8 parámetros: emisión de CO2, consumo energético, consumo de agua potable, generación de residuos, contenido de material reciclado, ecoetiquetas y el ciclo de vida. Analizando específicamente las emisiones de CO2 y el consumo energético a través del TCQ-GMA y elaborando el análisis de datos con PowerBI.
En la obra se han emitido 1.707.879 kgCO2 y se han consumido 19.541.318 MJ, reduciendo en un 10% lo estimado en proyecto gracias a las acciones correctoras implementadas. Elaborando un modelo BIM se analiza la obra tanto a nivel económico como el impacto ambiental con el objetivo de implementar mejoras para incrementar su sostenibilidad.
En conclusión, se ofrece una visión integral del impacto ambiental en el sector de la construcción y una aplicación práctica que demuestra la trascendencia del seguimiento ambiental en la obra como una herramienta clave para una construcción más sostenible, proponiendo una implementación de la metodología aplicada en el sector de la obra pública.The main objective of this project is to evaluate and understand the environmental impacts associated with public works, as well as to highlight the importance of environmental monitoring during the construction process.
In the first theoretical part, environmental impact is defined, and the existing environmental regulations, which have helped establish a regulatory framework to minimize the negative effects of construction on the environment, are reviewed. This includes key environmental certifications for materials and machinery used in the construction site. The theoretical study identifies the environmental parameters to be considered during a project’s execution based on the available tools for environmental monitoring and the opportunities they offer.
The second part focuses on the practical application of theoretical concepts to a real case: the urbanization works on Rambla Modolell in Viladecans. The environmental monitoring considers 8 parameters: CO2 emissions, energy consumption, potable water consumption, waste generation, recycled material content, eco-labels, and life cycle. CO2 emissions and energy consumption are specifically analysed through the TCQ-GMA environmental module, with data analysis done using PowerBI.
The construction emits 1,707,879 kgCO2 and consumes 19,541,318 MJ, reducing the project estimate by 10% due to the corrective actions implemented. A BIM model was developed to analyse both the economic and environmental impacts, with the aim of implementing improvements to enhance sustainability.
In conclusion, this project offers a comprehensive view of the environmental impact in construction and a practical application demonstrating the significance of environmental monitoring as a key tool for more sustainable construction, proposing the implementation of this methodology in the public works sector
Fourth-line rescue therapy with rifabutin in patients with three Helicobacter pylori eradication failures
No full textGisbert, J.P., Castro-Fernandez, M., Perez-Aisa, A., Cosme, A., Molina-Infante, J., Rodrigo, L., Modolell, I., Cabriada, J.L., Gisbert, J.L., Lamas, E., Marcos, E., Calvet, X
Local increase of arginase activity in lesions of patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis in Ethiopia.
No full textBACKGROUND: Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease that is in Ethiopia mainly caused by the parasite Leishmania aethiopica. This neglected tropical disease is common in rural areas and causes serious morbidity. Persistent nonhealing cutaneous leishmaniasis has been associated with poor T cell mediated responses; however, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We have recently shown in an experimental model of cutaneous leishmaniasis that arginase-induced L-arginine metabolism suppresses antigen-specific T cell responses at the site of pathology, but not in the periphery. To test whether these results translate to human disease, we recruited patients presenting with localized lesions of cutaneous leishmaniasis and assessed the levels of arginase activity in cells isolated from peripheral blood and from skin biopsies. Arginase activity was similar in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients and healthy controls. In sharp contrast, arginase activity was significantly increased in lesion biopsies of patients with localized cutaneous leishmaniasis as compared with controls. Furthermore, we found that the expression levels of CD3ζ, CD4 and CD8 molecules were considerably lower at the site of pathology as compared to those observed in paired PBMCs. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that increased arginase in lesions of patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis might play a role in the pathogenesis of the disease by impairing T cell effector functions
Oxidation of NG-hydroxyl-l-arginine to nitric oxide mediated by respiratory burst: an alternative pathway to NO synthesis
No full textAbstractNG-Hydroxy-l-arginine is an intermediate metabolite in the synthesis of nitric oxide that is upregulated and secreted during acute inflammation in vivo. Previous reports have shown that chemically induced superoxide anion oxidizes NG-hydroxy-l-arginine to nitric oxide. Here, we demonstrate that this reaction takes place physiologically in phagocytic cells during the respiratory burst, and is independent of the presence of nitric oxide synthase
Age-related alteration of arginase activity impacts on severity of leishmaniasis.
No full textBACKGROUND: The leishmaniases are a group of vector-borne parasitic diseases that represent a major international public health problem; they belong to the most neglected tropical diseases and have one of the highest rates of morbidity and mortality. The clinical outcome of infection with Leishmania parasites depends on a variety of factors such as parasite species, vector-derived products, genetics, behaviour, and nutrition. The age of the infected individuals also appears to be critical, as a significant proportion of clinical cases occur in children; this age-related higher prevalence of disease is most remarkable in visceral leishmaniasis. The mechanisms resulting in this higher incidence of clinical disease in children are poorly understood. We have recently revealed that sustained arginase activity promotes uncontrolled parasite growth and pathology in vivo. Here, we tested the hypothesis that arginase-mediated L-arginine metabolism differs with age. METHODOLOGY: The age distribution of patients with visceral or cutaneous leishmaniasis was determined in cohorts of patients in our clinics in endemic areas in Ethiopia. To exclude factors that are difficult to control in patients, we assessed the impact of ageing on the manifestations of experimental leishmaniasis. We determined parasite burden, T cell responses, and macrophage effector functions in young and aged mice during the course of infection. RESULTS: Our results show that younger mice develop exacerbated lesion pathology and higher parasite burdens than aged mice. This aggravated disease development in younger individuals does not correlate with a change in T helper cytokine profile. To address the underlying mechanisms responsible for the more severe infections in younger mice, we investigated macrophage effector functions. Our results show that macrophages from younger mice do not have an impaired capacity to kill parasites; however, they express significantly higher levels of arginase 1 than aged mice and promote parasite growth more efficiently. Thus, our results demonstrate that ageing differentially impacts on L-arginine metabolism and subsequent effector functions of physiologically distinct macrophage subsets. CONCLUSIONS: Here, we show that arginase-mediated L-arginine metabolism is modulated with age and affects the capacity of macrophages to express arginase; the increased capacity to upregulate this enzyme in younger individuals results in a more permissive environment for parasite growth, increased disease severity and pathology. These results suggest that the difference in arginase-mediated L-arginine catabolism is likely to be an important factor contributing to the increased incidence of clinical cases in children. Thus, targeting L-arginine metabolism might be a promising therapeutic strategy against leishmaniasis, especially in children and young adults
Cell propagation on films of polymeric fluorocarbon as a means to regulate pericellular pH and pO2 in cultured monolayers
No full textArginase activity - a marker of disease status in patients with visceral leishmaniasis in ethiopia.
No full textThe underlying mechanisms resulting in the profound immune suppression characteristic of human visceral leishmaniasis (VL) are not fully understood. Here, we tested the hypothesis that arginase, an enzyme associated with immunosuppression, is higher in patients with VL and contributes to impaired T cell responses. We recruited patients with VL before and after treatment and healthy controls and measured the arginase metabolism in the blood of these individuals. Our results show that arginase activity is significantly higher in the blood of patients with active VL as compared to controls. These high levels of arginase decline considerably once the patients are successfully treated. We identified the phenotype of arginase-expressing cells among PBMCs as neutrophils and show that their frequency was increased in PBMCs of patients before treatment; this coincides with reduced levels of L-arginine in the plasma and decreased expression levels of CD3ζ in T cells
Murine Macrophages Secrete Interferon γ upon Combined Stimulation with Interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-18: A Novel Pathway of Autocrine Macrophage Activation
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