12,906 research outputs found
Knowledge transfer between universities, hospitals and industry: a case study of the traditional Chinese medicine industry
No full textThis paper discusses an unusual process of helping transform a traditional industry into one that can function in a totally new environment. The industry, traditional Chinese herbal pharmaceutical industry, is extremely “old” and fundamentally different from any pharmaceuticals in the western world. During the contemporary industrial and scientific development, it faces great challenges of entering the new industrial world with western-science paradigms.
As one of the main pillars of the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), the Chinese herbal medicine has unique characteristic in that it highlights the balance and interaction of all the ingredients from herbs for each patient, who are treated as an individual with unique prescription of herbal formulation. Following an herbal formulation, the herbal medicine is a cocktail of many herbs tailored to the individual patient. It is prepared by decocting pieces of herbals: The pharmacist weighs out a day's dosage of each herb and combines them in a bag; the crude herbs are boiled in water and then the decoction is ready. This method of preparing herbal medicine has exited in China for thousands of years. However, in nowadays it was challenged by its inaccuracy and randomness as well as its unfitness to modern industrial mess production. Two main solutions appeared in China. One way is to standardize the crude herbs with modern technology and turn them into “prepared drug in pieces”, which is called YINPIAN. The other way is to make batches of herbs into pills or concentrated powdered extracts for some common herbal prescriptions. China is trying to use the western-science paradigms to standardize and industrialize the pharmaceuticals of crude herbs.
To limit our analysis, this study focuses on the development of the first way- traditional Chinese pharmaceuticals of YINPIAN. Based on reviewing the scenario of government’s promoting policies on YINPIAN, this paper investigates a case of university-firm collaboration in Southern China (Guangdong) in order to show how academic knowledge is transferred to industry and managed within the government, the university and the firm. Particularly, this paper traces the process of how their innovative YINPIANs are accepted by the modern market and thus the industrial development of YINPIANs is promoted. The findings suggest that incorporating with modern science and technology into a traditional and old industry can “renew” itself and help it enter the new industrial world. To do so, governments, universities and firms are all engines to promote the incorporation by collaboratively managing the knowledge transfer
Government Policy and Firm Strategy in Southern China Specialized Towns: "Western Categories" and "Oriental Practices"
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Industrial Policy and Firm Strategy in Southern China: Government Targets and Firms’ Behavior
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Advancing Chinese leadership research: review and future directions
No full textChinese leadership has received growing research attention amid the rapid development of the Chinese economy, the rising influence of the Chinese government and companies in the global arena, and China’s business transformation and institutional reform. However, the extant literature has tended to adopt Western leadership theories and test them in the Chinese context. By reviewing Chinese leadership studies, this paper highlights the importance of context in shaping leadership attitudes, behaviors, activities, and their consequences. To further advance Chinese leadership research and its impact on management practice, we suggest that it is crucial to pay closer attention to the cultural micro-foundations underpinned by traditional Chinese philosophy. We offer six promising avenues for future research: (1) a nuanced and critical approach to the role of context, (2) the combination of Western and Chinese thoughts, (3) indigenous leadership theory development, (4) gender and leadership, (5) leadership and performance, and (6) leadership in crisis management
Industrial Development Policy and Innovation in Southern China: Government Targets and Firms’ Behavior
No full textThe paper investigates the relation between firms’ innovation behavior and the industrial innovation policy promoted by the Guangdong Province Government in the framework of its “Specialized Towns Program”. In this context there are very few academic studies, and non-Chinese scholars are not involved in this debate; moreover, the attempt of self-evaluation of government institutions appears weak (or at least not accessible). In other words, little evidence is offered to check the real response of firms to government policy apart from that diffused by the government itself.
With the support of specific town and firm-level data, we investigate firms’ responses to local governments’ innovation policy. In doing so, we suggest a set of relevant variables that should be considered as well as possible ways to measure them. We then run an empirical econometric analysis.
The main findings suggest that among the most relevant determinants of a positive attitude towards government policies are the ownership structure, the background of the entrepreneurs in terms of his/hertheir engagement in government activities and, to a lesser extent, the strength of the policy.
We believe that, although these issues find in Guangdong a unique institutional setting, they are relevant not only for Guangdong, but they can shed light on more general dynamics of contemporary industry
Innovation in Chinese cluster-based leading enterprises
No full textThe paper offers an analysis of the innovation performance of cluster‐based leading
enterprises in Guangdong Province (China). It is a first attempt in the international literature
to examine the innovation strategy of cluster‐based leading enterprises in the context of a
transition economy. To this aim we explore a unique data‐set of leading enterprises in
Guangdong specialized towns and we investigate the relationship between the patenting
activity of such enterprises and other variables of interest among which the magnitude of
policy intervention, the response of firms to policy measures, firm’s specific characteristics
(such as ownership and export propensity) and entrepreneur’s specific characteristics (such
as previous experience in policy‐making or previous government appointments)
Restructuring the production of medicines: An investigation on the pharmaceutical sector in China and the role of mergers and acquisitions
Full text linkIn places like China, an ageing population coupled with changes in living standards and
increases in disposable income, imply a shift of the demand for health-related goods and services
which is likely to affect the whole organization of the industries that supply such goods and services
at the global level. One of the industries most likely to be affected is the pharmaceutical sector. In the
early 2000s China was already the second largest global producer of pharmaceutical ingredients.
The pharmaceutical sector has become one of the most important industries promoted by the Chinese
government and Five-Year Plan of China’s Strategic Emerging Sectors, mergers and acquisition (M&A)
activity has been the key strategy to restructure the sector and increase its competitiveness. This paper
firstly provides an updated picture of the evolution of M&As in the pharmaceutical sector, compared
to other sectors, in China in the period 2005–2013. Secondly, we develop a composite indicator to
measure the industrial performance of all Chinese industrial sectors over time, which allows us
to assess the performance of the pharmaceutical industry compared to that of other sectors of the
Chinese economy. Finally, we develop and estimate an empirical model that tests the relationship
between the number of M&A in a sector and its performance, with a particular focus on the
pharmaceutical case. The results offer some initial evidence of positive effects from the process
of restructuring of the pharmaceutical sector in China
Ahlbergia clarolinea Huang & Chen
No full textAhlbergia clarolinea Huang & Chen (Figs. 18–21, 63– 66, 71–72, 90–91, 104, 108) Ahlbergia clarolinea Huang & Chen, 2006: 317, figs. 4–6 for male and female genitalia, cpl. 12, figs. 1–3 for habitus. Material. CHINA: Yunnan province: 1 ♀ (CHH, holotype, dissected), Lijiang City, Yulongxueshan, 2800m, 29. IV. 2005, H. Huang leg..; 3 ♂♂, 1 ♀ (CHH, dissected), Lijiang, Yulongxueshan, 2600m, 26.IV. 2015, H. Huang leg.; 2 ♂♂ (CCAM, paratypes, dissected), Lijiang, Ludian, 2600–2900m, IV. 2006, A.-M. Chen leg.; 8 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀ (CHH; 2 ♂♂ & 2 ♀♀ dissected), Lijiang, Ludian, 2500–2800m, 13.V. 2014; 7 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀ (CHH; 2 ♂♂ & 2 ♀♀ dissected), Lijiang, Ludian, 2600–2700m, 28.IV. 2015 & 20.V. 2015, H. Huang & X.-D. Yang leg.; 1 ♂ (CZZH), Dali Bai Autonomous Region, Yunlong County, Tianchi, 20.V. 2014, Z.-H. Zheng leg.; 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (CHSJ), Kunming, IV. 2014, S.-J. Hu leg.. Sichuan province: 1 ♀ (CHH, dissected), Liangshan Yi Autonomous Region, Muli County, Liziping, 2700m, 5.V. 2014, X.-D. Yang leg.. Remarks. The female holotype was collected from Yulongxueshan whilst the male paratypes were collected from Ludian, thus the association of male and female requires a confirmation from more material. In a recent expedition made by the first author, specimens of both sexes were collected from both localities. An examination of male and female genitalia proved the original association of male and female to be correct. Distribution. Yunnan (Lijiang, Kunming, Yunlong), Sichuan (Muli).Published as part of Huang, Hao & Zhu, Jian-Qing, 2016, Ahlbergia maoweiweii sp. n. from Shaanxi, China with revisional notes on similar species (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae), pp. 409-433 in Zootaxa 4114 (4) on page 431, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4114.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/27160
The Chinese TCM industry: Growth, changes, and policies
No full textWe analyse the current situation, the performances and geographical distribution and some of the main policies related to TCM industry in Chin
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