19 research outputs found
Climatological characteristics of the tropics in China: climate classification schemes between German scientists and Huang Bingwei
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Analysis of Inter-Station Daily Rainfall Correlation During the Southwest Monsoon in the Wet Zone of Sri Lanka
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Managing Value-at-Risk in Daily Tourist Tax Revenue for the Maldives
No full textInternational tourism is the principal economic activity for Small Island Tourism Economies (SITEs). There is a strongly predictable component of international tourism, specifically the government revenue received from taxes on international tourists, but it is difficult to predict the number of international tourist arrivals, which determines the magnitude of tax revenue receipts. A framework is presented for risk management of daily tourist tax revenues for the Maldives, which is a unique SITE because it relies almost entirely on tourism for its economic and social development. As international tourism receipts are significant financial assets to the economies of SITEs, the time-varying volatility of international tourist arrivals and their growth rate is analogous to the volatility (or dynamic risk) in financial returns. The volatility in the levels and growth rates of daily international tourist arrivals are investigated in the paper. This paper provides a template for the future analysis of earnings from international tourism, particularly tourism taxes for SITEs, discusses the direct and indirect monetary benefits from international tourism, highlights tourism taxes in the Maldives as a development financing phenomenon, and provides a framework for discussing the design and implementation of tourism taxes. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the analysis developed in this paper can be used by the Maldivian Government in determining monetary and fiscal policy, by creditors to evaluate the risks associated with providing financial support to the Maldives, and by resort operators to decide whether to expand or contract their operations. Acknowledgements: The first author acknowledges the financial support of the Australian Research Council, the second author wishes to acknowledge a UWA Research Fellowship, and the third author is most grateful for the financial support of an International Postgraduate Research Scholarship and University Postgraduate Award at UWA. The authors wish to thank the Editor, two referees, Clive Granger, Matteo Manera and Juerg Weber for helpful comments and suggestions. An earlier version of this paper was presented at the Second International Conference on Tourism and Sustainable Development: Macro and Micro Economic Issues, Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy, September 2005.Small Island Tourism Economies (SITEs), international tourist arrivals, tourism tax, volatility, risk, Value-at-Risk (VaR), Sustainable Tourism@Risk (ST@R)
Festschrift fuer Erdmann Gormsen zum 65. Geburtstag: mit 45 Tab
No full textAvailable from Bibliothek des Instituts fuer Weltwirtschaft, ZBW, Duesternbrook Weg 120, D-24105 Kiel B 277145 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman
温带典型草地土壤净氮矿化作用研究
No full text应用树脂芯方法,研究了内蒙古锡林河流域不同降水强度3种草地类型土壤净氮矿化作用.结果表明,7～10月份,羊草草原的平均净氮矿化率为0.333kg.(hm2.d)-1,贝加尔针茅草原为0.316kg.(hm2.d)-1,克氏针茅草原为0.211kg.(hm2.d)-1;在相同的培养周期内,分阶段培养和连续培养对土壤的净氮矿化量和净氮矿化速率有显著影响;降雨是影响该区域氮素矿化的主要因素之一,3种草地类型土壤水分变化量与土壤净氮矿化速率呈正相关关系,相关系数分别为0.80、0.61、0.56
Comparison of CO2 effluxes and their driving factors between two temperate steppes in Inner Mongolia, China
No full textSoil net nitrogen mineralization in the typical temperate grassland
No full textSoil net nitrogen mineralization rate of three types temperate grassland in Inner Mongolia, China was studied using the resin-core technique. The major results include: the net nitrogen mineralization rate of the Stipa baicalensis meadow grassland, the Aneulolepidum Chinense grassland and the Stipa krylovii grassland were 0.333 kg · (hm<sup>2</sup> · d)<sup>-1</sup>, 0.316 kg · (hm<sup>2</sup> · d)<sup>-1</sup> and 0.211 kg · (hm<sup>2</sup> · d)<sup>-1</sup> respectively during the field incubation period of July to October, 2005. Soil net nitrogen mineralization accumulation and rates were remarkably different between phase incubation and continuous incubation during the same field incubation period. Rainfall was one of the main factors affecting nitrogen mineralization. The net nitrogen mineralization rate was correlated with the change of soil moisture in all of the measured sites, the correlation coefficients were 0.80, 0.61 and 0.56
Author Correction: Effect of the temporal coordination and volume of cyclic mechanical loading on human Achilles tendon adaptation in men
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